The lower Vistula River was regulated in the years 1856–1878, at a distance of 718–939 km. The regulation plan did not take into consideration the large transport of the bed load. The channel was ...shaped using simplified geometry—too wide for the low flow and overly straight for the stabilization of the sandbar movement. The hydraulic parameters of the lower Vistula River show high velocities of flow and high shear stress. The movement of the alternate sandbars can be traced on the optical satellite images of Sentinel-2. In this study, a method of sandbar detection through the remote sensing indices, Sentinel Water Mask (SWM) and Automated Water Extraction Index no shadow (AWEInsh), and the manual delineation with visual interpretation (MD) was used on satellite images of the lower Vistula River, recorded at the time of low flows (20 August 2015, 4 September 2016, 30 July 2017, 20 September 2018, and 29 August 2019). The comparison of 32 alternate sandbar areas obtained by SWM, AWEInsh, and MD manual delineation methods on the Sentinel-2 images, recorded on 20 August 2015, was performed by the statistical analysis of the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The distance of the shift in the analyzed time intervals between the image registration dates depends on the value of the mean discharge (MQ). The period from 30 July 2017 to 20 September 2018 was wet (MQ = 1140 m3 × s−1) and created conditions for the largest average distance of the alternate sandbar shift, from 509 to 548 m. The velocity of movement, calculated as an average shift for one day, was between 1.2 and 1.3 m × day−1. The smallest shift of alternate sandbars was characteristic of the low flow period from 20 August 2015 to 4 September 2016 (MQ = 306 m3 × s−1), from 279 to 310 m, with an average velocity from 0.7 to 0.8 m × day−1.
Heavy metals are constantly emitted into the environment and pose a major threat to human health, particularly in urban areas. The threat is linked to the presence of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in ...street dust, which consists of mineral and organic particles originating from the soil, industrial emitters, motor vehicles, and fuel consumption. The study objective was to determine the level of street dust contamination with trace metals in Lublin and to indicate their potential sources of origin. The analyses were carried out with an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The sampling sites (49) were located within the city streets characterised by varying intensity of motor traffic. The following mean content values and their variation (SD) were determined: Cd: 5.1 ± 1.7 mg kg
−1
, Cr: 86.4 ± 23.3 mg kg
−1
, Cu: 81.6 ± 69.2 mg kg
−1
, Ni: 16.5 ± 3.9 mg kg
−1
, Pb: 44.1 ± 16.4 mg kg
−1
, and Zn: 241.1 ± 94.6 mg kg
−1
. The level of pollution was assessed with several widely used geochemical indices (geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, pollution index, index of ecological risk, and potential ecological risk index). For most of the indices, the mean (median) values are arranged in the following manner: Zn > Cu(or Cd) > Pb > Ni > Cr. In general, street dust in Lublin does not show pollution with Cr, Ni, and Pb.
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geo
and EF indices show moderate levels for Cu, Cd, and Zn; their presence in street dust is linked with anthropogenic factors (motor traffic). A significant threat is posed by Cd, and more than half of the samples show considerable pollution with cadmium (median for the index of ecological risk: 151). The spatial pattern of indices and the results of statistical analyses (CA, PCA) indicate three groups of elements: (1) Cr and Ni: natural origin; (2) Pb: mixed origin; and (3) Cd, Cu, and Zn: anthropogenic origin (mainly motor vehicle traffic). Higher content values for metals of anthropogenic origin in street dust indicate that it is a source of pollution of soil and air in the city.
Poland's syndrome, a rare genetic disorder that accompanies malignancies, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiac and genitourinary syndromes. There is no study that represents the association between ...cardiac angiosarcoma and Poland's syndrome. A 24-year-old female patient previously diagnosed with Poland's syndrome was admitted to our hospital complaining of dyspnea. Diagnostic imaging showed an irregular mass in the right atrial cavity. After successful surgery, she was discharged uneventfully and the 3rd month oncologic follow-up reveals none of residual mass. The coexistence has not been diagnosed and treated in a cardiac surgery department before. With this presentation, we aimed to contribute to the literature with this presentation, for the right and early diagnosis and management of possible new cases in the future can be diagnosed and treated correctly and early.
Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of calcareous tests of foraminifera can serve as a tool for reconstructing seawater temperatures and bioproductivity. The foraminiferal isotope studies are, however, ...largely limited to Neogene, Paleogene and Cretaceous strata. In the current study are presented δ18O and δ13C values of well-preserved Jurassic representatives of different groups of benthic foraminifera: low-Mg calcite Lenticulina (Lagenata), high-Mg calcite Paleomiliolina (Miliolida, Tubothalamea) and aragonite Epistomina (Robertinida, Globothalamea) derived from clay deposits of Poland. Moreover, it provides the detailed comparison of isotopic data of Jurassic foraminifera with those of various co-occurring macrofossils (belemnite rostra, ammonite and bivalve shells). Our study and comparative data substantiate the existence of the offset of Lenticulina's δ18O values from isotope equilibrium of ca. 1‰, which seems to be relatively constant over geological time. This value may be used for calculation of ancient water temperatures from oxygen isotope ratios of well-preserved specimens of this very common and widespread Jurassic foraminiferal taxon. δ18O values of Epistomina and δ13C values of all studied foraminifera are significantly biased from isotope equilibrium.
•Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of Jurassic foraminifera.•Isotopic values of Tubothalamea, Globothalamea and Lagenata benthic foraminifera.•First comparison between δ18O and δ13C values of Jurassic foraminifera and macrofossils.•Lenticulina can be an useful proxy for isotope-based environmental studies.
The publication was completed thanks to the financial support of the Regional Center for Culture, Education and Science in Przemyśl granted in July 2003
Not a lot.
Share the journal with the consent ...of the Polish Historical Society. Branch in Przemyśl
Issued in the 75th anniversary of the establishment of the Polish Historical Society in Przemyśl Branch 1928-2003
Druk publikacji ukończono dzięki wsparciu finansowemu Regionalnego Ośrodka Kultury, Edukacji i Nauki w Przemyślu udzielonemu w lipcu 2003 roku
Niereg.
Udostępnienie czasopisma za zgodą Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego. Oddział w Przemyślu
Wydano w 75-lecie powstania Oddziału Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego w Przemyślu 1928-2003
•Wastes/technic materials are present in urban topsoils.•Technological materials cause microbial and metallic contamination of urban soils.•The highest risk was calculated for children, who are more ...exposed to soil pollutants.
The public green space (PGS) in urban areas presents an image of nature and its animal and plant biodiversity in the city. Due to intense urbanization in the world, pollutants such as trace elements (TE) or pathogenic microorganisms are continually emitted into the environment and pose a threat to ecosystems. The aim of this work was to assess the soil quality of PGS in the cities of Marrakech (Morocco) and Toruń (Poland) through physicochemical and microbiological approaches and to assess related health risks. Eighteen soils from the most visited historic parks in Marrakech and Toruń were sampled and analyzed. The results showed that content of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) in Toruń urban soils is about three times higher than that measured in Marrakech urban park soils. These differences are related to the naturally higher content of organic matter in the soils of temperate climate regions than in Mediterranean soils. The concentrations of trace element (TE) showed a similar trend in both cities, except for Pb in one Marrakech site, which exhibited a high concentration (400 mg Pb Kg−1 in Bab Rab Park). Soil enzymes present a high sensitivity to anthropogenic disturbances and can be used as tool to evaluate early disturbance of urban soils. The alkaline phosphatase (APHa) and urease (URa) activities are less affected by anthropogenic pressure than dehydrogenase (DHa). Slight sensitivity to TE was observed in the microbial community in the order fungi < actinomycetes < bacteria. Total and fecal coliforms (TC, FC) were present in all soil samples, with higher concentrations in Marrakech sites. Based on estimated FC risk, the highest percentage did not exceed 11% of the guideline limit set by International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods. Hazard index showed no health risk for adults caused by studied TE concentrations in the park soils of Marrakech and Toruń, but potential adverse non-cancer health effects for children. Their safety depends on their own behavior and the ways by adults supervise them.
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