Prispevek obravnava izposojenke iz madžarskega jezika v ljudski kulturi prekmurskih in porabskih Slovencev. Madžarizmi so bili zbrani v času terenske raziskave v Prekmurju in Porabju leta 2018, ...njihov pomen in raba pa sta bila preverjena v leksikografskih virih. Veliko izposojenk iz madžarščine se uporablja širše, kot je opisano v slovarjih. Poleg tega nekatere besede niso bile vključene v slovarje, vendar jih informatorji uporabljajo zelo aktivno tako v Prekmurju kot v Porabju. Obravnavane besede so ponazorjene s primeri iz zbranega terenskega gradiva.
In this article, I supplement the collection of Prekmurje Catholic sermons discovered and recorded so far, both printed and handwritten. I note that in Slovenia, little research attention is paid to ...this topic, while an extensive corpus of sermons kept in archives, parishes and libraries and published in an older Prekmurje newspapers, calls for a more thorough analysis of their language, style, culture of worship expression, the relationship between elements of dialect and super-dialect and the influence of the Slovene standard language. At the same time, it testifies to the extensive and continuous preaching activities of Prekmurje Catholic priests, who defied Hungarian denationalization and strived for cultural development and national awareness of Hungarian Slovenes by worship in the Slovene (Prekmurje) language, especially in the early 20th century.
The Avgust Pavel's Vend nyelvtan or Prekmurje Slovene Grammar (1942) offers linguists insight into a key part of the remarkable variation in Slovene. A peripheral area of Slovene, the Prekmurje ...dialect is in contact with German, Hungarian, and Croatian Kajkavian.
Josip Margitaj (1854.-1934.), učitelj i mađaron, bio je utemeljitelj pojma “međimurskoga jezika”. Godine 1884. počeo je izdavati dvojezični tjednik Medjimurje/Murakoz. Jezična inačica, koju Margitaj ...zove „međimurskim“, zaista u maloj mjeri predstavlja međimurski dijalekt. U većoj mjeri pokazuje jezičnu srodnost s kasnijim djelima kajkavskoga književnog jezika, koja su bila prožeta utjecajem hrvatskoga književnog jezika štokavske osnovice. Neposredan je uzor Margitajevu jeziku bila susjedna slovenska pokrajina u Ugarskoj (danas Prekmurje u Sloveniji i Porabje u Mađarskoj), gdje je ostvaren književni jezik prema lokalnom dijalektu u 18. stoljeću, a koji je u Ugarskoj službeno bio nazvan “vendski”; taj se jezik, prema tzv.“ vendskoj teoriji“, nastojalo razlikovati od slovenskog jezika. Po oslobođenju Međimurja (1918.) prestali su pokušaji pisanja „na međimurskome“, za razliku od Prekomurja (slov., Prekmurja), gdje je još bila aktivna lokalna književnost do 1945. godine. Međimursko je pitanje bilo oživljavano u doba mađarske okupacije (1941. - 1944.), ponovno zbog propagandističkih i mađarizacijskih ciljeva, kao i 1942. godine, kad su napisane dvije kratke standardne gramatike (međutim, te gramatike nisu mogle stvoriti pravi normativni jezik). Krajem Drugoga svjetskog rata (1939.-1945.) jednom zauvijek dovršeni su „pokusi“ tzv. međimurskog jezika. Zaista lažan, „međimurski jezik“ nema nikakva traga u međimurskoj kulturnoj baštini, dok prekomurski jezik ipak ima živu tradiciju podjednako u Sloveniji i Mađarskoj.
Ovaj rad Akoša Antona Dončeca - čiji je domicil Verica-Ritkarovci (Ketvolgy/Mađarska)
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drugi je dio cjelovite studije (u dva nastavka) - koji razmatra program tzv. „međimurskog jezika“ Josipa Margitaja u
kontekstu nekolikih prijelomnih momenata tematiziranog područja: u periodu p
riključenj
a
Međimurja i Prekomurja Kraljevini SHS 1918. – 1919.
te
u uvjetima mađarske okupacije 1941. – 1944. Rad detektira smjerove pokušaja kodifikacije međimurskoga i prekomurskoga jezika u kontekstu znanstvenih proučavanja, te, na kraju, obrazlaže razloge sloma i baštine „međimurskoga jezika“.
Rad je na hrvatski preveo dr. sc. Elod Dudaš.
Josip Margitaj (1854 – 1934), teacher and pro-Hungarian/Unionist, was the promoter of the term „Međimurean language“. In 1884 he began publishing the bilingual weekly Medjimurje/Muraköz. The language concept he calls „Međimurean“ does actually represent the Međimurean dialect in a minor segment. To a greater extent it has linguistic similarities with subsequent works written in the Kajkavian literary language that was highly influenced by the Croatian Štokavian based literary language. The direct model for Margitaj's language was the neighbouring Slovenian region in Hungary (now Prekomurje in Slovenia and Porabje/Raba Region in Hungary), where a literary language had been construed on basis of the local dialect dating from the 18th century, officially named in Hungary as Wendish. Efforts were made to distinguish this language from the Slovenian language according to the so-called „Wendish Theory “.
After the liberation of Međimurje (in 1918), there were no further efforts to write in „Međimurean“, while local literature was actively promoted in Prekomurje until 1945. The Međimurean issue was rekindled in the period of the Hungarian occupation (1941 – 1944), once again for propaganda and Hungarisation goals, and also in 1942 when two short standard grammars were written (however, those two grammars could not create a real normative language). By the end of Second World War (1939 – 1945), the so-called experiments with the „Međimurean language“ were terminated once and for all. The actually false „Međimurean language“ has left no trace in Međimurean cultural heritage, whereas the „Prekomurski language“ still has a live tradition, to an equal extent both in Slovenia and Hungary.
This work by Akoš Anton Dončec, whose domicile is Verica-Ritkarovci (Ketvolgy/Hungary), is the second part of an overall study (in two sequels) in which the program of Josip Margitaj’s so-called “Međimurean language” is examined in the context of the accession of Međimurje and Prekomurje to the Kingdom of SHS in 1918 – 1919; of Međimurje and Prekomurje under the Hungarian occupation from 1941 – 1944; the efforts of Međimurean and Prekomurean languages’ codification in the context of scientific research, and finally, crushing of the “Međimurean” language heritage.
The work was translated into Croatian by Elod Dudaš, PhD
By examining the cases of emigrants coming from the Julian March to Argentina and Prekmurje to the United States, the article evaluates state-diaspora relations in the interwar context of shifting ...borders and changing political regimes. Whereas the Slovene-speaking population of Prekmurje, due to lasting Hungarian influence, was reluctant to embrace the Yugoslav idea, Slovene and Croat emigrants from the Julian March were fond of it. Assessing the methods of the Yugoslav extraterritorial nation-building process and emigrants' identifications, the author suggests that while Prekmurje emigrants maintained their non-national identity, the Julian March diaspora developed its own vision of the Yugoslav "homeland."
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