PurposeThe aim of this article is to give an overview of the development and current state of projectification research. The inquiry was driven by a threefold research question: How has ...projectification been understood and defined over time, what has the trajectory of the development been and what are the main trends and emerging ideas?Design/methodology/approachThe article is an integrative literature review of research done on the notion of projectification to date. An interdisciplinary, integrative literature review was conducted using Scopus and Web of Science as primary sources of data collection. The full data set consists of 123 journal articles, books, book chapters and conference contributions. With the data set complete, a thematic analysis was conducted.FindingsAmong other things, the review outlines the development and scope of projectification research from 1995 until 2021 and discusses four emerging images of projectification: projectification as a managerial approach, projectification as a societal trend, projectification as a human state and projectification as a philosophical issue. These characteristics emphasize some common features of each of the images but also imply that the way projectification is understood changes depending on the paradigmatic perspective taken by the researcher, the time and place in which the observation was made and the level of observation.Originality/valueThe authors have outlined and discussed four images of projectification – projectification as a managerial approach, projectification as a societal trend, projectification as a human state and projectification as a philosophical issue – where each image represents a special take on projectification with some prevalent characteristics. By doing this, the authors provide a systematic categorization of research to date and thus a basis upon which other researchers can build when furthering the understanding of projectification at large.
•We studied the effect of teamwork quality on project success in agile software teams.•We ran a survey with responses from 477 respondents from 71 teams in 26 companies.•Teamwork quality is perceived ...to have a small to large effect on team performance, depending of the rater.•Teamwork quality is perceived to have a large effect on personal success.•Teamwork quality and its effects are not greater in agile than in traditional teams.
Small, self-directed teams are central in agile development. This article investigates the effect of teamwork quality on team performance, learning and work satisfaction in agile software teams, and whether this effect differs from that of traditional software teams. A survey was administered to 477 respondents from 71 agile software teams in 26 companies and analyzed using structural equation modeling. A positive effect of teamwork quality on team performance was found when team members and team leaders rated team performance. In contrast, a negligible effect was found when product owners rated team performance. The effect of teamwork quality on team members´ learning and work satisfaction was strongly positive, but was only rated by the team members. Despite claims of the importance of teamwork in agile teams, this study did not find teamwork quality to be higher than in a similar survey on traditional teams. The effect of teamwork quality on team performance was only marginally greater for the agile teams than for the traditional teams.
Queueing theory is an important technique to study and evaluate the performance of system. Queueing theory is applied in many applications such as logistics, finance, emergency services and project ...management, etc. In this research we apply neutrosophic philosophy in queueing theory. We deal with several queue models such as M/M/1 queue, M/M/s queue and M/M/1/b queue. We illustrate, solve, and find the performance measures of M/M/1, M/M/s, and M/M/1/b crisp queue models via examples with exact arrival rate and service rate. Queueing models affect by many factors such as arrival rate, service rate, number of servers, etc. These factors are not constantly expressed by accurate times; hence we express the parameters of queueing system by the neutrosophic. We express arriving rates and serving rates by neutrosophic values. We also illustrate, solve, and find the performance measures of NM/NM/1, NM/NM/s, and NM/NM/1/b neutrosophic queue models via examples. We concluded that the performance measures of neutrosophic queue models is more accurate than crisp queue models. Keywords: Neutrosophic Set, Queueing Theory, Poisson Process, Exponential Distribution.
The skill requirements for project managers in information technology (IT) projects have not been widely studied in the past, especially in terms of their relative importance. We addressed this gap ...in the literature by conducting a Delphi study with 19 IT project managers (PMs). Among the list of 48 skills identified, our panelists selected 19 skills as being the most critical for IT PMs and then ranked them based on their relative importance. Follow-up interviews were conducted with selected panelists to gain insights into the importance of the top-ranked IT PM skills. We compare our results with two previous studies of IT PM skills and discuss the implications for research and practice.
Projects are critical to the success of organizations, and therefore improving project management (PM) is imperative. Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized PM, especially in certain key ...sectors of the economy. This scientific paper explores the role of AI in PM, focusing on the health, energy, and education sectors. Also, the paper presents an analysis of literature and specialized practice to determine strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats regarding AI in PM through the SWOT analysis method. We highlighted the recent advances in AI and the challenges and opportunities presented by using this technology in PM. The study looks at AI's current and future applications in the mentioned sectors. It provides examples of observed benefits, including reduced project duration, cost savings, and increased project success rates. It also emphasizes the impact of AI in the lifecycle of project managers and discusses job replacement concerns. Our findings highlight the potential of AI to bring significant improvements in PM but emphasize the importance of human communication and collaboration in specific fields, such as the healthcare industry. Given the transition to renewable energy sources, it also highlights the need for an adaptable and data-driven approach to energy sector PM.
Agile project management (APM) refers to a set of project management frameworks that are increasingly common in a range of industries. Even though the positive effects of APM for employees and ...organizations are widely assumed, no systematic account of affective, behavioural and cognitive outcomes appears in the academic literature. In this pre‐registered meta‐analysis, we examine the effects of APM based on K = 40 records (with k = 41 independent studies, N = 73,825). Our analyses indicate the beneficial effects of APM across outcomes: For the affective outcomes of job satisfaction, affective strain and organizational commitment, the effect sizes were, on average, small. For the behavioural outcomes of performance and innovative behaviour, the effect sizes were medium to large. For the cognitive outcome of psychological empowerment, the results of our meta‐analysis suggest a medium effect. Furthermore, we explore the moderating effects of contextual (team size, occupational groups, culture) and methodological boundary conditions (publication status, study design, levels of analysis, study quality). Compared to studies conducted with software developers, the effect sizes are stronger in other occupations, such as manufacturing, health care and logistics. Moreover, stronger effect sizes are found in published than in unpublished records. We conclude by discussing the state of quantitative APM research and highlight avenues for future study.
This article explores the extent to which innovations are driven by the project management office (PMO), an internal unit within owner and operator organizations that is responsible for overall ...project assurance and control. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with organizational members of Transport for London (TfL), a public transport owner and operator organization and a key stakeholder in the UK infrastructure sector. This was combined with the analysis of four project assurance reviews initiated and delivered by TfL. The findings demonstrate that the PMO provides opportunities for building and enhancing innovative capabilities of the owner and operator organization.
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