Cancer cells overexpress IFsub.1, the endogenous protein that inhibits the hydrolytic activity of ATP synthase when mitochondrial membrane potential (Δμsub.H sup.+) falls, as in ischemia. Other roles ...have been ascribed to IFsub.1, but the associated molecular mechanisms are still under debate. We investigated the ability of IFsub.1 to promote survival and proliferation in osteosarcoma and colon carcinoma cells exposed to conditions mimicking ischemia and reperfusion, as occurs in vivo, particularly in solid tumors. IFsub.1-silenced and parental cells were exposed to the FCCP uncoupler to collapse Δμsub.H sup.+ and the bioenergetics of cell models were validated. All the uncoupled cells preserved mitochondrial mass, but the implemented mechanisms differed in IFsub.1-expressing and IFsub.1-silenced cells. Indeed, the membrane potential collapse and the energy charge preservation allowed an increase in both mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis in IFsub.1-expressing cells only. Interestingly, the presence of IFsub.1 also conferred a proliferative advantage to cells highly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation when the uncoupler was washed out, mimicking cell re-oxygenation. Overall, our results indicate that IFsub.1, by allowing energy preservation and promoting mitochondrial renewal, can favor proliferation of anoxic cells and tumor growth. Therefore, hindering the action of IFsub.1 may be promising for the therapy of tumors that rely on oxidative phosphorylation for energy production.
Evaluating surface frequency components in the fabrication process is critical for controlling the machined surface quality. The presence of anisotropic ripples on diamond-turned surfaces makes this ...challenging. A multiscale frequency evaluation method, referred to as Surface Intrinsic Mode Decomposition (SIMD), is proposed for evaluating on-machine surface measurement (OMSM) data. It decomposes continuous surface probing profiles, incorporating both temporal and spatial frequency information. In comparison to the conventional power spectral density (PSD) analysis method, the approach enriches frequency details over a wider range, which contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of surface quality and helps to identify mid-spatial frequency (MSF) errors.
Six Sigma is a management program that provides tools that help manufacturers obtain efficient, stream-lined production to coincide with ultimate high quality products. Lean Six Sigma will show how ...the well-regarded analytical tools of Six Sigma quality control can be successfully brought into the well-established models of 'lean manufacturing', bringing efficient, stream-lined production and high quality product readily together. This book offers a thorough, yet concise introduction to the essential mathematics of Six Sigma, with solid case examples from a variety of industrial settings, culminating in an extended case study. Various professionals will find this book immensely useful, whether it be the industrial engineer, the industrial manager, or anyone associated with engineering in a technical or managing role. It will bring about a clear understanding of not only how to implement Six Sigma statistical tools, but also how to do so within the bounds of Lean manufacturing scheme. It will show how Lean Six Sigma can help reinforce the notion of 'less is more', while at the same time preserving minimal error rates in final manufactured products.
Abstract Background and Aim Issues in patient positioning during chest X-ray (CXR) acquisition impair diagnostic quality and potentially increase radiation dose. Automated quality assessment was ...proposed to address this. Our objective is to determine thresholds on some quality control metrics following international guidelines, that represent expert knowledge and can be applied in a comprehensible and explainable AI approach for such an automatic quality assessment. Materials and Methods An AI-method estimating collimation distance to the ribcage, balancing between both clavicle heads, and number of ribs above the diaphragm as metrics for collimation, rotation, and inhalation quality was applied on 64,315 posteroanterior CXR images from a public dataset (ChestX-ray8). From this set 920 CXR images were sampled and manually annotated to gain additional trusted reference metrics. Seven readers from different institutions then classified the acquisition quality of these images independently into okay, inadequate, or unacceptable following the criteria of international guidelines. Optimal thresholds on the metrics were determined to reproduce these classes using the metrics only. Results A fair to moderate agreement between the experts was found. When disregarding all inadequate rates a classification on the metrics was able to separate okay rated cases from unacceptable cases for collimation (AUC 0.97), rotation (AUC = 0.93) and inhalation (AUC = 0.97). Conclusion Suitable thresholds were determined to reproduce expert opinions in the assessment of the most important quality criteria in CXR acquisition. These thresholds were finally applied on the AI-method's estimates to automatically classify image acquisition quality comprehensibly and according to the guidelines.
ACBI/CMC EQAS--QUO VADIS? Geethanjali, F.S; Selvakumar, R
Indian journal of clinical biochemistry,
05/2022, Letnik:
27, Številka:
S1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Objective: The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the usefulness of the ACBI/CMC EQAS program in the overall performance of Indian Laboratories as well as individual labs in ...different categories over the years. It is the journey of our National EQAS over the past decade. Method: The awareness of the Indian labs towards quality assurance is evaluated based on the number of participants, the response in submitting results, annual evaluation and the trend in methods selection. Similarly few labs form each category such as lab size (number of parameters done), type (public/private) and few labs at random were selected and their performance is evaluated over the past 10 years. Results: The awareness of Quality assurance in India has tremendously increased and is reflected by a 100% increase in the number of participants over the past ten years. The randomly selected labs showed decreased OMVIS which is indirectly proportional to their performance. Conclusion: It was during this past 10 years, lot of changes took place in the ACBI/CMC EQAS, i.e., change over form bovine sera to human sera, liquid samples to lyophilised samples, introducing immunoassay program etc. This study shows how the Indian laboratories have improved their performance as well as their awareness towards the QA-concept. It is very encouraging to note that the concept of EQAS is well accepted and appreciated by majority of laboratories and thus paving the way towards international standards.
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