Panda and Chattopadhyay proposed “A Hybrid Algorithm for RSA Cryptosystem” in 2017, they modified well-known algorithm RSA into modulo four prime numbers. Later, Gondaliya, Savani, Dhaduvai and ...Hossain proposed “Hybrid Security RSA Algorithm in Application of Web Service” in 2018. However, we found that these two papers are highly similar, and the main focus of this article is how to determine the victim the (suffer) and the perpetrator (the plagiarist).
Foxp3+ T regulatory cell (Tregs) are central in the pathobiology of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins instruct Treg ...differentiation and polarization, but the STAT signaling architecture of Tregs in RSA and its modifications by lymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT) are yet unknown. By using single-cell phospho-specific flow cytometry we show that the STAT signaling biosignature of Tregs in women with RSA was characterized by marked downregulation of the IFNα/pSTAT1&5, IL-6/pSTAT1&3 and IL-2/pSTAT5 signaling nodes compared to age-matched fertile females. LIT partially restored all of these signaling axes in Tregs only in women who achieved pregnancy after treatment. Both the pretreatment biosignature of Tregs and its modulations by LIT were associated with therapeutic success. We conclude that STAT signaling pathways in Tregs are actively involved in the pathophysiology of RSA and may serve as a predictive tool for selecting patients who may benefit from LIT.
•Peripheral blood Tregs in RSA women bear pathological STAT signaling biosignature.•The Treg biosignature correlates with the outcome of lymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT).•LIT partially restores Treg biosignature only in women with successful pregnancy.
One of the proactive preventive strategies for the global issue of road crashes is the Road Safety Audit (RSA). There are many advantages to using RSA, however, country-specific regulations often ...apply when it comes to conducting RSAs. The goal of this study was to compare the content of regulations in a sample of seven countries. Crucial indicators were examined and compared. The term 'RSA' was defined differently in each set of guidelines. Different project phases in various nations required the RSA methodology. The contents and coverage of the accompanying checklists or forms also varied. The documents unevenly stressed the team's needs or the auditors' qualifications. The legal liability issues received no attention from three of the seven guideline publications. The documents of two countries lacked any examples of RSA reports or case studies. The documents of some countries placed a strong focus on certain criteria but fell short in other areas. There was no RSA guideline document which May be referred to as best practice that accounted for the local circumstances and requirements. Improvements to guideline documents are suggested. This study, updated as of October 2023, will assist the road safety community, including transport officials, world banks, highway practitioners, road safety auditors, policymakers, urban planners and research scholars.
One of the primary tenets of polyvagal theory dictates that parasympathetic influence on heart rate, often estimated by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), shifts rapidly in response to changing ...environmental demands. The current standard analytic approach of aggregating RSA estimates across time to arrive at one value fails to capture this dynamic property within individuals. By utilizing recent methodological developments that enable precise RSA estimates at smaller time intervals, we demonstrate the utility of computing time‐varying RSA for assessing psychophysiological linkage (or synchrony) in husband‐wife dyads using time‐locked data collected in a naturalistic setting.
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been vastly employed in the collection and transmission of data via wireless networks. This type of network is nowadays used in many applications for ...surveillance activities in various environments due to its low cost and easy communications. In these networks, the sensors use a limited power source which after its depletion, since it is non‐renewable, network lifetime ends. Due to the weaknesses in sensor nodes, they are vulnerable to many threats. One notable attack threating WSN is Denial of Sleep (DoS). DoS attacks denotes the loss of energy in these sensors by keeping the nodes from going into sleep and energy‐saving mode. In this paper, the Abnormal Sensor Detection Accuracy (ASDA‐RSA) method is utilized to counteract DoS attacks to reducing the amount of energy consumed. The ASDA‐RSA schema in this paper consists of two phases to enhancement security in the WSNs. In the first phase, a clustering approach based on energy and distance is used to select the proper cluster head and in the second phase, the RSA cryptography algorithm and interlock protocol are used here along with an authentication method, to prevent DoS attacks. Moreover, ASDA‐RSA method is evaluated here via extensive simulations carried out in NS‐2. The simulation results indicate that the WSN network performance metrics are improved in terms of average throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), network lifetime, detection ratio, and average residual energy.
To reduce the energy consumed and improve the network lifetime, in ASDA‐RSA a clustering method functioning on energy and distance basis divides the network into clusters to opt the cluster head.
Plus, the RSA algorithm and an interlocking protocol are employed along with an authentication method to prevent Denial of Sleep attacks.
Employing the authentication method proposed here extends the network lifetime, through effective battery consumption while maintaining a secure communication within the network.
•RSA using a motorized Roentgen system is feasible with acceptable accuracy.•Patient motion probably exists in non-synchronized image acquisition techniques.•Patient motion results in artifacts and ...influences the assessment of implant migration.•RSA with synchronized image acquisition is the gold standard to access migration.
Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is routinely implemented with two paired Roentgen tubes for three-dimensional (3D) implant migration measurements. A conventional set-up of one stationary tube and one mobile could be time-consuming. Utilizing two customized ceiling-mounted tubes is normally associated with investment costs. Thus, a pilot set-up of a motorized system (single Roentgen source) for radiostereometric image acquisition may be a time-saving and space-efficient alternative. RSA using the motorized system is feasible in this study as a non-synchronized image acquisition technique, however, patient motion may occur and influence the assessment of implant migration. The phantom study aimed to assess accuracy of RSA using the motorized Roentgen system in this in vitro study. Accuracy values of translations and rotations were ±0.29 mm and ±0.48° for the single Roentgen source RSA set-up and ±0.26 mm and ±0.48° for the conventional RSA set-up. This study was also performed to simulate potential patient motion during exposure intervals between paired image acquisition. RSA using the motorized system is able to implement RSA with acceptable accuracy. In general, RSA with synchronized image acquisition is the gold standard to access in vivo implant migration with the highest accuracy. Patient motion exists in non-synchronized image acquisition techniques and results in RSA-related motion artifacts. Then we introduced what RSA-related motion artifacts are. The uniplanar calibration cage applied in the study has a few fiducial and control markers, and some of the markers were occluded in radiographs. Whereas, the number of markers in the calibration cage is correlated with accuracy of 3D implant reconstruction.
In the paper we present a simple threshold decryption system based on the RSA cryptosystem. Our model avoids the application of the Shamir secret sharing protocol and is based only on the Chinese ...reminder theorem. The flexibility in the threshold level is attained due to the suitable preparation of the input data. The second part of the article describes a modification of the basic model, which admits the sender’s impact on the choice of the real receiver’s group.
Avoiding superior inclination of the glenoid component in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is crucial. We hypothesized that superior inclination was underestimated in RSA. Our purpose was to ...describe and assess a new measurement of inclination for the inferior portion of the glenoid (where the baseplate rests).
The study included 47 shoulders with rotator cuff tear arthropathy (mean age, 76 years). The reverse shoulder arthroplasty angle (RSA angle), defined as the angle between the inferior part of the glenoid fossa and the perpendicular to the floor of the supraspinatus, was compared with the global glenoid inclination (β angle or total shoulder arthroplasty TSA angle). Measurements were made on plain anteroposterior radiographs and reformatted 2-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) scans by 3 independent observers and compared with 3-dimensional (3D) software (Glenosys) measurements.
The mean RSA angle was 25° ± 8° on plain radiographs, 20° ± 6° on reformatted 2D CT scans, and 21° ± 5° via 3D reconstruction software. The mean TSA angle was on average 10° ± 5° lower than the mean RSA angle (P < .001); this difference was observed regardless of the method of measurement (radiographs, 2D CT, or 3D CT) and type of glenoid erosion according to Favard. In Favard type E1 glenoids with central concentric erosion, the difference between the 2 angles was 12° ± 4° (P < .001).
The same angle cannot be used to measure glenoid inclination in anatomic and reverse prostheses. The TSA (or β) angle underestimates the superior orientation of the reverse baseplate in RSA. The RSA angle (20° ± 5°) needs to be corrected to achieve neutral inclination of the baseplate (RSA angle = 0°). Surgeons should be aware that E1 glenoids (with central erosion) are at risk for baseplate superior tilt if the RSA angle is not corrected.
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