This volume provides a critical analysis of institutional accommodations for historical religious groups and assesses their potential and shortcomings in providing for an integrated society based on ...human- and minority rights protection.
Le paradoxe évangélique Bucumi, Guy; Basdevant-Gaudemet, Brigitte; Koussens, David
10/2022
eBook
N’est-il pas a priori incongru d’associer laïcité et protestantisme évangélique? Si la dissonance semble en effet évidente, cette évidence mérite pourtant d’être mise en question. C’est à ce défi que ...répond cet ouvrage, bousculant les représentations préconstruites et révélant le rôle paradoxal d’accompagnement et de résistance que les protestants évangéliques ont joué dans les processus de sécularisation et de laïcisation de nombreux contextes nationaux (Suède, Mexique, France, Canada, Suisse, Liban, Brésil, États-Unis et États d'Afrique centrale). Comment les évangéliques ont-ils bénéficié de l’autonomisation des États modernes à l’égard d’Églises établies pour mieux se développer? Dans quelle mesure le renforcement d’États de droits protecteurs des droits et libertés leur a-t-il été favorable? Et comment se positionnent-ils aujourd’hui par rapport à la dissociation accrue de la sphère religieuse et de la sphère civile? Là sont quelques-unes des questions auxquelles cet ouvrage propose de réfléchir à partir de regards résolument pluridisciplinaires et transcontinentaux.Avec la collaboration de Boris Bernabé, Roberto Blancarte, Paul Chauvin-Madeira, Frédéric Dejean, Clara Delmas, André Gagné, Abraham Hawley, Fatiha Kaouès, Émir Mahieddin, Guerric Meylan, Sarah Scholl, Jacqueline Teixeira et Gabriela Valente.
Within a short span of time in the course of the 1980s, the Supreme Court of Israel effected far-reaching changes in its legal doctrine and in the way it perceives its role among the state's ...branches. This book locates those changes in the context of the great historical process that took shape in Israel in the second half of the 1970s: the decline of the political, social, and cultural hegemony of the labor movement, and the renewal of the struggle over the future orientation of the country's culture. Two social groups have confronted each other at the heart of this struggle: a secular group that is aiming to strengthen Israel's ties to Western liberalism, and a religious group intent on associating Israel's culture with traditional Jewish heritage and the Halakhah. The Supreme Court — the institution most closely identified with liberalism since the establishment of the state — collaborated with the former group in its struggle against the latter. The story of the Court serves as the axis of another two stories. The first deals with the struggle over the cultural identity of the Jewish people throughout the course of modernity. The second is the story of the struggle over the cultural identity of Israeli law, which took place throughout the 20th century. In addition to the divide between secular and religious Jews, there is a national divide in Israel between Jews and Arabs. These two divides are interrelated in complex ways which shape the unique traits of Israel's multicultural condition. The book ends with a few suggestions as to how, given this condition, Israel's regime, political culture and law should be constituted in the coming decades. The suggestions borrow from the discourses of liberalism, multiculturalism, and republicanism.
L’affiliation religieuse, le fait d’être membre d’une religion, est une question complexe qui met en jeu à la fois la liberté de conscience et les représentations personnelles de l’appartenance ...convictionnelle, le droit étatique et les formes de régulation normative propres aux différents groupements religieux. Ces différents points de vue ne sont pas forcément convergents. En effet, la conception de l’appartenance conjointe à une religion et à une nation comme une combinaison « harmonieuse » qui a prévalu en France jusqu’à la Révolution et dans de nombreux États européens jusqu’au début du xxe siècle a disparu avec la sécularisation progressive de la société et l’acceptation du pluralisme religieux. À l’ère de l’individualisme et du nomadisme religieux, les individus développent le plus souvent un point de vue souple et non contraignant en matière d’affiliation, tandis que le droit étatique veille à la protéger en tant qu’élément de la vie privée. Les religions, quant à elles, fixent des règles précises présidant à l’entrée et à la sortie de leurs groupements. L’objectif de cet ouvrage est de présenter ces différentes facettes de l’affiliation religieuse en privilégiant une approche comparative et internationale.
The first full-length treatment of the legal history of the jurisdiction of the medieval Church in Reformation Scotland. Substantially re-interprets several key features of the Scottish Reformation. ...Covers the Wars of the Congregation, the Reformation Parliament, the legitimacy of the Scottish government from 1558 to 1561, the courts of the early Church of Scotland and the legal significance of Mary Stewart’s personal reign. Considers neglected aspects of the Reformation, including the roles of the Court of Session and of the Court of the Commissaries of Edinburgh.
On British Islamexamines the history and everyday workings of Islamic institutions in Britain, with a focus on shariʿa councils. These councils concern themselves with religious matters, especially ...divorce. They have a higher profile in Britain than in other Western nations. Why? Taking a historical and ethnographic look at British Islam, John Bowen examines how Muslims have created distinctive religious institutions in Britain and how shariʿa councils interpret and apply Islamic law in a secular British context.
Bowen focuses on three specific shariʿa councils: the oldest and most developed, in London; a Midlands community led by a Sufi saint and barrister; and a Birmingham-based council in which women play a leading role. Bowen shows that each of these councils represents a prolonged, unique experiment in meeting Muslims' needs in a Western country. He also discusses how the councils have become a flash point in British public debates even as they adapt to the English legal environment.
On British Islamhighlights British Muslims' efforts to create institutions that make sense in both Islamic and British terms. This balancing act is rarely acknowledged in Britain-or elsewhere-but it is urgent that we understand it if we are to build new ways of living together.
The Changing Terrain of Religious Freedom offers theoretical, historical, and legal perspectives on religious freedom, while examining its meaning as an experience, value, and right. The volume ...starts from the premise that the terrain of religious freedom has never been easy and smooth. Across societies and throughout history, defending or contesting principles of religious freedom has required compromise among multiple interests, balancing values, and wrangling with the law.Drawing on examples from the United States and around the world, and approaching the subject from the disciplines of history, law, sociology, philosophy, religious studies, and political science, the essays in this volume illustrate these challenges. They sketch the contours of contemporary debates while showing how the landscape of religious freedom has shifted over time. They consider various stakeholders that have asserted competing claims, among them individuals and groups; members of minority and majority communities; states and corporations (including both religious organizations and businesses); and believers and non-believers. Taken together, the studies in this volume suggest that understanding religious freedom means grappling with conflicting and perhaps irreconcilable claims about whose rights should prevail over others, what religion is or may be, and how religion should relate to other cultural values.
