Ancient Roman theatres represent a unique cultural heritage which is still used nowadays to host a variety of cultural activities and performances. Acoustic measurements show that the acoustics of ...these theatres does not always support the listening of music, which is common in modern performances. Although the acoustics of these theatres for modern use performances may be challenging, this cultural heritage offers a unique experience to the audience who can assist to a performance on the same seats once used by Romans. Nowadays, these unroofed theatres, whose walls behind and at the sides of the stage have rarely been restored, are often criticized for the weak sound strength. Moreover, these theatres are often exposed to urban modern background noise. The significant sound absorption due to the presence of the audience on the seating area (named cavea) and to the tapestries used in modern scenes makes challenging to support the acoustic reverberation in these theatres. In this paper, these aspects are described focusing on five ancient Roman theatres located in Southern Italy. The study reports acoustic measurements followed by virtual simulation results. As it was impossible to perform acoustic measurements with full audience occupancy, the presence of the audience was simulated using room acoustic software. The paper compares the acoustic characteristics of these five theatres considering their architectural characteristics, and discusses the role that the material used for their restoration had on their acoustics. Finally, some considerations about some reversible interventions to improve the acoustics of these ancient theatres for modern uses are reported.
Recensione al libro Autore: Laura Scala Titolo: Teatro e scena urbana Sottotitolo: Ricerche e sperimentazioni spaziali dell’Avanguardia russa Lingua: Italiano Editore: LetteraVentidue, Siracusa ...Caratteristiche: formato 19,5x24,5 cm, 272 pagine, brossura, colori ISBN: 978-8862424974 Anno: 2021
Data Analytics is being deployed to predict the dissolved nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in a full-scale sidestream sequence batch reactor (SBR) treating the anaerobic supernatant. On average, the ...N2O emissions are equal to 7.6% of the NH4–N load and can contribute up to 97% to the operational carbon footprint of the studied nitritation-denitritation and via-nitrite enhanced biological phosphorus removal process (SCENA). The analysis showed that average aerobic dissolved N2O concentration could significantly vary under similar influent loads, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and removal efficiencies. A combination of density-based clustering, support vector machine (SVM), and support vector regression (SVR) models were deployed to estimate the dissolved N2O concentration and behaviour in the different phases of the SBR system.
The results of the study reveal that the aerobic dissolved N2O concentration is correlated with the drop of average aerobic conductivity rate (spearman correlation coefficient equal to 0.7), the DO (spearman correlation coefficient equal to −0.7) and the changes of conductivity between sequential cycles. Additionally, operational conditions resulting in low aerobic N2O accumulation (<0.6 mg/L) were identified; step-feeding, control of initial NH4+ concentrations and aeration duration can mitigate the N2O peaks observed in the system. The N2O emissions during aeration shows correlation with the stripping of accumulated N2O from the previous anoxic cycle. The analysis shows that N2O is always consumed after the depletion of NO2− during denitritation (after the “nitrite knee”). Based on these findings SVM classifiers were constructed to predict whether dissolved N2O will be consumed during the anoxic and anaerobic phases and SVR models were trained to predict the N2O concentration at the end of the anaerobic phase and the average dissolved N2O concentration during aeration. The proposed approach accurately predicts the N2O emissions as a latent parameter from other low-cost sensors that are traditionally deployed in biological batch processes.
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•S.C.E.N.A N2O emissions contribute up to 97.3% to the operational carbon footprint.•Stripping of accumulated N2O from the previous anoxic cycle increases emissions.•Aerobic dissolved N2O concentration is correlated with DO and conductivity.•Conductivity can be used to control SBR NH4+ concentration and N2O.•N2O can be estimated as a latent parameter from other low-cost sensors.
In Italia non c’è accordo, sintonia, nel rapporto tra sala e scena, tra la lingua parlata fuori del teatro e quella pronunciata in palcoscenico, tanto che gli autori devono inventare una propria ...lingua. Infatti, il palcoscenico italiano s’è privato altresì di un codice preciso di tradizioni che costituivano quasi i fondamenti organici per la stessa recitazione. Questi questioni permettono diverse riflessioni in torno alla lingua teatrale, sia nel caso della compagnia veneta che mette in scena i Consigli a un giovane scrittore di Danilo Kiš, sia la revisione, tra altre, del sincretico esperanto linguistico di Eugenio Barba.
Il contributo analizza la Lectura Dantis di Carmelo Bene dalla Torre degli Asinelli di Bologna la sera del 31 luglio 1981, orazione civile in occasione del primo anniversario della strage alla ...stazione della città emiliana. Ricorda come questo evento, accompagnato da discussioni e polemiche, fu il primo esempio di traduzione spettacolare di pagine del Poeta e rappresentò la svolta di Bene verso la “phoné” e la “macchina attoriale”, in una negazione sempre più radicale dello spettacolo come flusso di immagini e come rappresentazione, verso la parola “in-canto”, phantasma capace di parlare da un “dentro” a un altro “dentro”, col supporto di raffinati e imponenti apparati elettronici.
The environmental and economic benefits and burdens of including the first Short Cut Enhanced Nutrient Abatement (SCENA) into a real municipal wastewater treatment plant were evaluated using life ...cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC). The implications of accomplishing nitrogen (N) removal and phosphorus (P) recovery via nitrite in the side stream were assessed taking into account the actual effluent quality improvement, the changes in the electricity and chemical consumption, N2O, CO2 and CH4 emissions and the effects of land application of biosolids, among others. In addition, a case-specific estimation of the P availability when sludge is applied to land, therefore replacing conventional fertilizer, was performed. Furthermore, to account for the variability in input parameters, and to address the related uncertainties, Monte Carlo simulation was applied.
The analysis revealed that SCENA in the side stream is an economic and environmentally friendly solution compared to the traditional plant layout with no side-stream treatment, thanks to the reduction of energy and chemical use for the removal of N and P, respectively. The uncertainty analysis proved the validity of the LCA results for global warming potential and impact categories related to the consumption of fossil-based electricity and chemicals, while robust conclusions could not be drawn on freshwater eutrophication and toxicity-related impact categories. Furthermore, three optimization scenarios were also evaluated proving that the performance of the WWTP can be further improved by, for instance, substituting gravitational for mechanical thickening of the sludge or changing the operational strategy to the chemically enhanced primary treatment, although this second alternative will increase the operational cost by 5%. Finally, the outcomes show that shifting P removal from chemical precipitation in the main line to biologically enhanced uptake in the side stream is key to reducing chemicals use, thus the operational cost, and increasing the environmental benefit of synthetic fertilizers replacement.
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•Integration of SCENA system into a real WWTP is evaluated.•Environmental/economic analysis of SCENA system is carried out.•Monte Carlo is applied to address uncertainty in parameters.•SCENA reduced energy and chemical use.•SCENA was identified as a more sustainable option.
In questo contributo viene analizzata la mentalità corrente alla luce del paradigma violenza-vittimismo che la caratterizza. Viene accostata la scena sadomasochista come scena prototipo di tale ...paradigma per cogliere gli elementi che potrebbero imprimerle un destino trasformativo e non ripetitivo. Il pensiero ristretto e il fatto scelto vengono indicati come i due poli che differenziano l’elaborazione del lutto dalla melanconia e dalla passiva adesione alla mentalità diffusa consolidata.
The Observer and His Position in Tadeusz Borowski’s Short Story Odwiedziny (‘The Visit’) The article is an analysis of Tadeusz Borowski’s short story Odwiedziny (‘The visit’). It focuses on ...linguistic and narrative devices through which the speaker influences the recipient’s perception, and so shapes the reading of his work. The first part is introductory, it presents the goals of the paper. The next part recalls the most important existing interpretations, both of Borowski’s literary output as a whole, and of the text at hand. They form the starting point to an analysis of the position of the character-narrator with regard to the events he is describing, and to the relation between the author, the narrator, and the main character of the story. These considerations constitute the third part of the present paper. It begins with a citation of the full text of the story, and is followed by the main argument announced in the title which refers to Ronald Langacker’s cognitive grammar and takes into special consideration such notions as scene, current discourse space, and vantage point. The closing part of the paper contains conclusions, contrasted with the theses put forward in the context of Borowski’s work, as well as suggestions of possible directions of further analysis of the story within the framework of cognitive linguistics.
Un attore senza scena Tafuri, Clemente; Beronio, David
Mimesis journal,
12/2013, Letnik:
2, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
L’intervento è una riflessione sul rapporto fra l’attore e la scena alla luce della questione fondamentale dell’origine del teatro messa in luce da Nietzsche e poi sviluppata da tutta la riflessione ...che ha ispirato la ricerca teatrale del Novecento. Oggi tale questione è spesso elusa, sia dagli artisti che dagli studiosi, anche se non ha mai trovato una soluzione definitiva. La riflessione si sviluppa analizzando le categorie che si possono individuare alla base di ogni atto teatrale, le loro relazioni interne alla luce del coro ditirambico immaginato da Nietzsche, la degenerazione del teatro in mero spettacolo. Tutti questi temi riconducono necessariamente alla questione della rappresentazione.
This essay discusses some of the ways in which the Art of Costume, that designed and produced high quality technical artefacts, has been collected in Italy (Roma, Napoli, Torino, Firenze, Milan and ...Pisa). We intend to offer a scientific documented research of these particular artefacts and of the related implications and problems that come from conservation also in Europe (France and UK). The activity of ANAI (Italian National Archives Association), is offering a state-of-the-art that has no precedent on the subject of fashion in Italy. Fundamental is the development of an impressively comprehensive portal on fashion, “Fashion Archive of Nine Hundred”, that provides precious information also on the subject of Art costume production in Italy, especially on the relation between fashion and performing arts and/or cinema (see the international worhshops in Rome: Farani, Tirelli, Sorelle Fontana and Maison Gattinoni). From 2005 there is an agreement between the University of Pisa and the Cerratelli Foundation, targeted to the cataloguing of the patrimony. This Institution houses high quality costumes, made for the theatre and cinema, that are also included in an original scientific research based on new computer technology.
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