The aim of this paper is to approach the Romanian culinary terminology by assuming the gains from the space of nowadays’ linguistics, in an attempt to respond to the challenge formulated by Eugenio ...Coseriu regarding the study of language as a creative activity that justifies linguistics as a science of culture. Food knowledge discourses are an extremely important source of documentation for explaining the mechanisms of linguistic creation. The way Romanian terms and expressions related to pies are formed and function is a relevant example to illustrate the relationship between the act of naming and its path to figurativeness.
The concept and term polovedlejí vta (semi-subordinate clause) is theoretically anchored in the formal-semantic level description of the language system. This description has been methodologically ...inspired by the distinctive features of the Prague Linguistic Circle phonology. Based on three features (subordinator, parenthesis, commenting), the semi-subordinate clause, by which the speaker comments on another clause, is delimited within this descriptive framework. Semi-subordinate clauses are unambiguously identifiable using a test of reversed relationship of clauses, cf. Jak vidím, jste soukromý detektiv As I see, you are a private detective Vidím, e jste soukromý detektiv I (can) see that you are a private detective. The main section of the article is formed by a classification of semi-subordinate clauses in several parts. The first part is based on the classification according to subordinators: the centre of the system of semi-subordinate clauses is formed by clauses introduced by the relative pronominal adverb jak. Clauses with the relative consequential pronoun co and clauses with the relative introducing pronoun co are on the periphery. Clauses with conjunctions (jestli and its variants, and pokud and aby) lie between the centre and the periphery. The second part differentiates between attitude and stylization clauses. In the conclusion, the term semi-subordinate clause, reflecting a specific semi-category, is explained, and defended.
Axiological aspects may be a prism shedding more light on the phenomena associated not only with semantics but also with pragmatics and linguistic-cultural factors. Such lexical units as horoscope ...and astrology have similar dynamics in terms of increasing or falling in popularity. In addition, at the present time, including the period between the late 20th and early 21st century, there is a predominance of negative emotions related to these concepts. This fact can be considered as evidence of an ironic attitude to the lexical units (LU) horoscope and astrology, as well as to this lexical and semantic group in general. The author used the data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language extracted by means of a continuous sampling technique, to study the estimated potential of the lexical units astrology and horoscope. The research method- ology is based on a comparative analysis of data provided by the Language corpora.
The article addresses the issue of placing letter names as headwords, which has not been touched upon in literature. A Russian-Polish dictionary from the late 19th century was examined in this ...respect. It was noted that its author, P. P. Dubrovsky, registered the old names of Russian letters (азъ, буки, вѣди...) twice: as headwords and inside those headwords where the letter (А, Б, В...) appears as a vocabulum. At the same time, for undefined reasons, he omitted the new names of letters (бе, ве, ге...), which were introduced as early as the 18th century, making an exception (but only in the letter entries) for two items: зе, те. The author of this article has detected numerous inconsistencies and errors, both in the selection of the names of letters for presentation in the dictionary and in the lexicographic description of such specific translation units as these names. The weakest point of the elaboration of the selected headwords turned out to be the fact that P. P. Dubrovsky did not take into account the expectations of the user of the bilingual dictionary at all, namely he did not provide Polish equivalents of Russian letter names, only translating the meaning, e.g. “Твердо nazwa litery Т w alfabecie słowiańskim”. Evaluated positively was the introduction of letters as a vocabulary for the phraseology into which these names have grown (e.g. Онъ аза в глаза не знаетъ), although the choice of idioms was extremely modest. A review of the contents of the Russian-Polish dictionaries published after the Dubrovsky´s dictionary showed that some also registered the names of the letters as vocabulary, but the lexicographic processing of this specific material was by no means superior to the description provided by the 19th-century dictionary.
The author presents P. P. Dubrovsky, a Russian Slavist associated with Poland, and his most extensive 19th-century dictionary of Polish and Russian. He focuses on the letter headwords in the ...Russian-Polish part of the dictionary. The author collects scarce theoretical remarks concerning the translation of graphemes, and also reviews the letter headwords in the 19thand 20th-century Russian-Polish dictionaries. In the studied part of the dictionary by P. P. Dubrovsky, all the letters of the 19th-century Russian alphabet were recorded as vocabula, but they were not treated as translanda. The entries under analysis lack any translational information, and there are no Polish equivalents of Russian letters. P. P. Dubrovsky used these entries to provide Polish users with information about the vocalisation of Russian letters and their earlier names. He relied on the lexicographic description of the letter headwords in the explanatory dictionary by V. I. Dal, sometimes modifying them, for example, omitting in the entry for A, information about “the akanye” areas of the Russian Empire. The editor of the dictionary made some errors and inaccuracies in the descriptions of pronunciations. Nevertheless, P. P. Dubrovsky᾽s observations about the 19th-century Russian pronunciation deserve the attention of historians of the Russian language. They document the considerable orthoepic freedom characteristic of the period in question.
The paper presents a review of the scientific and research activities, as well as the projects carried out by the Commission for the Teaching of Slavic Languages and Literature, which include the ...theoretical and methodological foundations and practices of university teaching in relation to Slavic studies in Slavic and non-Slavic countries. A brief overview of the Commission’s scientific conferences and publications is put forward, illustrating the activities of the Commission to date and providing a review of methodological, linguo-methodological and didactic themes and competencies in the sphere of academic Slavic research and teaching. In a broader sense, the topic of the paper is linked to the Slavic movement and the activities of Slavists within the International Committee of Slavists (ICS).
The development of Slovak Slavic science in the international context depends primarily on the competitiveness of its results, which are measurable in Slavic research especially in terms of their ...acceptance in the national and international context. The paper focuses on some program lines of Slavic scientific research, which are carried out in the environment of academic Slavic studies in coordination with the Slovak Committee of Slavists. In this context, cooperation with the International Committee of Slavists and Slavic research institutes abroad plays a special role.
The object of our study is one of the types of toponyms oikonyms names of settlements/towns, which representin every language a specific group of words characterized by a close connection with the ...historical, everyday, and culturalheritage of a nation or country. In Czech, multi-word oikonyms with structures that include various prepositions (nad, pod,u, v) represent a productive and numerous group of toponyms, while in Russian there is only one model of multi-wordoikonyms (- on the river). Following the comparative aspect of the analysis, based on the data from themonolingual corpora of the Czech National Corpus and National Corpus of the Russian Language, we determined the fre-quency of use of multiword oikonyms with the preposition na in Czech and Russian. Then, using examples of data from thebilingual parallel corpora of the Czech National Corpus (InterCorp v15) and National Corpus of the Russian Language, weexamined the Russian translations of the oikonyms Lysá nad Labem and Kamýk nad Vltavou from the book Osudy dobréhovojáka vejka za svtové války with the preposition na.
Why does the accent jump back and forth in Russian words like golová 'head', acc. gólovu, gen. golový, dat. golové etc.? How come we find similar alternations in other Slavic languages and in a ...Baltic language like Lithuanian? The quest for the origin of the so-called "mobile accent paradigms" of Baltic and Slavic leads the reader through other Indo-European language branches such as Indo-Iranian, Greek and Germanic, all of which are relevant to the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European accentuation system. After the examination of the evidence for the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European accentuation system, focus is moved to the Baltic and Slavic accentuation systems and their relationship to each other and to Proto-Indo-European. A comprehensive history of research and numerous bibliographical references to earlier pieces of scholarship throughout the book make it a useful tool for anybody who is interested in Balto-Slavic and Indo-European accentology. Written in a simple style and constantly aiming at presenting old and new opinions on the various problems, the volume may serve as an introduction to this complicated field.
