The embankment going to Dordogne Viaduct crossed by the LGV South Europe Atlantic SEA is based on 4 000 semi-rigid inclusions (CMC) designed in accordance with ASIRI. Published in 2012, these ...recommendations are starting to be well known and applied around the world. Depending on the purpose of the CMC (stability or only settlement reduction), CMCs justifications differ. For the first case, verifications are more numerous and more severe. After CMC ground improvement work in 2013, the embankment had been performed and the rail is being installed. A monitoring setting up during project progress has allowed the comparison between predicted deformations and measurements.
The book shows that the work of children is neither a relic of times gone by nor a relic of societies lagging behind, and questions the reflexes and supposed certainties and judgments about it. On ...the basis of numerous studies from different continents, it sharpens the awareness of the diversity of forms and meanings that work for children can have, and explains why previous measures against child labour must be questioned.
Die Arbeit von Kindern ist weder ein Relikt vergangener Zeiten noch zurückgebliebener Gesellschaften. Mit Blick auf Lateinamerika, Afrika und Asien ebenso wie auf Europa und Deutschland schärft das Buch den Blick für die Vielfalt der Formen und Bedeutungen, die Arbeit für Kinder hat und haben kann. Der Autor hinterfragt eingeschliffene Reflexe und vermeintliche Gewissheiten und Urteile und zeigt anhand mehrerer Studien, dass bisherige Maßnahmen gegen Kinderarbeit kritisch zu hinterfragen sind.
The appearance of monodactyl equids in Eurasia and their dispersal towards South Europe is a significant event that marks the beginning of the Quaternary period. During the Pleistocene, horses were a ...common element in most European large mammal faunal assemblages, providing important palaeoecological clues, but their taxonomy, nomenclature and phylogeny, as well as their actual biochronological significance have been widely debated by scholars. The evolutionary history of horses here regarded as “stenonoid” (
,
,
ex gr.
,
,
, the large-sized horses
and
, sometimes referred to as the so-called “
group”), is one of the most intriguing. This study, mainly focusing on the South European representatives of this group, aims to highlight and discuss the major debated issues, re-examining the taxonomy of some Early and early Middle Pleistocene horses. Alternative phylogenetic hypotheses will also be discussed with the aim of providing new clues on the chronology and palaeoecology of some key species/samples.
The nations discussed here (Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece) have in common - with the exception of Italy, that is - that they used to be on the margins of European economic and social ...developments. Only Italy succeeded in industrialising itself already prior to World War I. This fundamental trait also determined the developmental path of modern-era banking. Hereby, two important points in the course of development of banking in the Southern European countries need to be emphasised. To begin with, if the lands of the North-Western Europe were large capital exporters, then the South European nations were the importers of this capital. The role of foreign capital, i.e., foreign banks, was great and irreplaceable in the development of banking. The second element in common was a large role of state in the economy in general. Under the circumstances of underdeveloped entrepreneurial environment, the state, through its economic activities, would become the driving force of overall economic and social development. This was also or especially the case with banking. Role played by the state only began to diminish towards the end of the 1980s, in the course of the processes of deregulation and liberalisation both at the international level as well as within the then European Economic Community or subsequent European Union. Already during the preparatory processes prior to the admission into the European Economic Community, Spain, Greece and Portugal, and, however, Italy as well, but due to European Directives it had to abide by, began comprehensive processes of restructuring their national banking systems. Since the second half of the 1980s, banking systems were subjected to liberalisation, deregulation and privatisation.
In mid-July 2012, hundreds of fires spread over forest stands in the south of Europe. Considering available satellite and meteorological data we have tried to determine a method using analogy, ...whether these fires were preceded by the intensified solar activity. The justification of this approach lies in the belief that it is impossible by direct or indirect activity of man to set fire at the same time to the sites that are geographically separated. In this paper we have tried to test the hypothesis claiming that charged particles coming to us from the Sun may be responsible for the number of forest fires. Unlike some other situations when the potential explanation could be a sudden influx of the protons of different energy ranges, in our study, there are electrons as carriers of the potential explanation. Many previous studies results have shown that there is statistically significant relationship between the processes on the Sun and certain movements of air masses in the atmosphere our planet. The presented results in this paper of the correlation relationships between the mean hourly flows of electrons and the mean hourly air temperatures in Belgrade and Rome and the analysis of the synoptic situation as a function of the suggested model so far, indicate that the number of fires that were occurring more than a week, from July 15, 2012, in the south of Europe, were caused by electrons coming from the Sun. Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III47007 i br. OI 176008
In this work the outdoor daylight conditions in Pamplona (South Europe) during the summer period have been studied. The selected sky type (from fifteen standards) at a given moment is the one ...exhibiting the lowest RMSD when comparing the theoretical and experimental luminance distributions in the sky hemisphere. Two year data of luminance distribution registered every 10
min in 145 positions of the sky hemisphere have been used for selecting the sky type. The most frequent sky type in Pamplona is V.5 (cloudless polluted with a broad solar corona), with an occurrence of 29.5%. This result coincides with the one observed in a previous study in Athens.
Six types of sky (V.5, IV.4, III.4, III.3, V.4 y II.2) out of the fifteen standards become practically the 80% of all the studied ones. Regarding a possible use in daylight climate studies, the frequency of occurrence of the fifteen types of sky for fourteen solar elevation intervals has been included.
Pressure ulcers (PU) in patients with hip fracture remain a problem. Incidence of between 8·8% and 55% have been reported. There are few studies focusing on the specific patient‐, surgery‐ and ...care‐related risk indicators in this group. The aims of the study were
•
to investigate prevalence and incidence of PU upon arrival and at discharge from hospital and to identify potential intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for development of PU in patients admitted for hip fracture surgery.
•
to illuminate potential differences in patient logistics, surgery, PU prevalence and incidence and care between Northern and Southern Europe. Consecutive patients with hip fracture in six countries, Sweden, Finland, UK (North) and Spain, Italy and Portugal (South), were included. The patients were followed from Accident and Emergency Department and until discharge or 7 days. Prevalence, PU at discharge and incidence were investigated, and intrinsic and extrinsic risk indicators, including waiting time for surgery and duration of surgery were recorded. Of the 635 patients, 10% had PU upon arrival and 22% at discharge (26% North and 16% South). The majority of ulcers were grade 1 and none was grade 4. Cervical fractures were more common in the North and trochanteric in the South. Waiting time for surgery and duration of surgery were significantly longer in the South. Traction was more common in the South and perioperative warming in the North. Risk factors of statistical significance correlated to PU at discharge were age ≥71 (P = 0·020), dehydration (P = 0·005), moist skin (P = 0·004) and total Braden score (P = 0·050) as well as subscores for friction (P = 0·020), nutrition (P = 0·020) and sensory perception (P = 0·040). Comorbid conditions of statistical significance for development of PU were diabetes (P = 0·005) and pulmonary disease (P = 0·006). Waiting time for surgery, duration of surgery, warming or non warming perioperatively, type of anaesthesia, traction and type of fracture were not significantly correlated with development of PU.
The intention of the essay is to try to understand the broader cultural conditions that surround the articulations of cultural studies in South-European Academia, but also to address the apparent ...ethical and political irrelevance of those articula-tions. A catalyst of this discussion is the author’s ongoing dissatisfaction with the widespread cultural studies activities in the South being mostly part of the corpo-ratization and westernization of Southern universities, which are increasingly dis-tant from their much needed ethico-political public mission in times of struggling democracies and crumbling welfare states. In the attempt to propose a viable framework for the necessary future reform of the anti-discipline, three different aspects are discussed as both indicative and instrumental: the ambivalent notion and destiny of Southern "citizenship" (as the politically and legally articulated aspect of a daily performed subjectivity and belonging), the phenomenon of the eliteless transitions (including the shifts in the Southern critical public), and the role of the academic and political Marxism (including its gradual dissolution or suppression).
This study focuses on determining the effects of demographic, socioeconomic and migration network factors on illegal migration from north Africa to south Europe using logistic regression model. The ...results indicated that migrants who thought it is easier to find a job in destination countries, had job before migration, had high level of financial situation before migration and had high level of education were more likely to migrate legally.However, migrants who had children before migration and migrated with others were more likely to migrate illegally. These findings can be useful for migration legislations in both sending and receiving countries.
PDF
