In double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressants, blinding can be broken due to the apparent side effects, and unsuccessful blinding can lead to overestimation of effect sizes. ...New generation antidepressants with less severe side effects may be less susceptible to broken blinding. However, successfulness of blinding in new generation antidepressant trials and its influence on trial effect size estimates remain unclear.
Extending a previous systematic review assessing blinding successfulness in psychiatric trials (2000-2010), we searched PubMed/Medline for double-blinded antidepressant RCTs (2010-2020) for trials assessing blinding success. Our primary outcome was the degree of blinding successfulness, measured as kappa statistics between guesses and true allocations. We used random-effects meta-analysis to synthesize studies. We used meta-regression and Pearson's r to examine the relationship between blinding success and effect sizes. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021249973).
Among 154 eligible studies, 11 (7·1%) contained information on blinding assessment between 2010 and 2020. Five studies were added from the previous review, and altogether nine of the 16 studies provided usable data. Agreement in individual studies ranged from κ=-0·14 to 0·38. The summary agreement between guesses and the truth was 0·21 (95% CI: 0·14 to 0·28) among patients and 0·17 (95% CI: 0·05 to 0·30) among assessors. Blinding success was not associated with effect size (patients: r = 0·37, p = 0·32; assessors: r = 0·28; p = 0·72). Meta-regression also failed to find a significant relationship between blinding success and depression effect sizes (β=0·06, p = 0·09).
Less than 10% of the antidepressant RCTs reported blinding assessment. The results in new generation antidepressant trials indicated that patients and assessors were unlikely to be able to judge treatment allocation. There was little evidence that the extent of unblinding biased the effect size estimates of new generation antidepressants.
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The paper is devoted to the search for mechanisms for the successfulness formation as the basis for the harmonious development of the personality of schoolchildren in modern education system. The ...modern “Pepsi” generation is apathetic and not resilient in its large part. Young people are less and less eager to succeed in their educational and professional activities, and they are giving up their career and active life in society. Not finding confirmation of their importance in the official group, they seek success in informal associations, often asocial ones. The authors conducted a theoretical review of the latest scientific and practical publications and an empirical study on a sample of ninth-grade students. We selected tools and methods for obtaining information in the form of methods of observation, analysis of the result of educational activities, conversations, and surveys, and used the poorly formalized “unfinished sentences” methodology to study the educational success of adolescents.
Introduction : The succeeded of the tuberculosis treatment depends on the obedience of the patient in taking the tuberculosis’s medication assisted by the direct observed treatment shortcourse (DOTS) ...to refrain resistancy and dropping out of the program. The aimed of this study was to analyze the correlation between DOTS’s role with the successfullness of lung’s tuberculosis treatment program at Bajawa city.Methods : A cross sectional simple random sampling design was used in this study. Population were all the Direct Observed Treatment Supervisors and patients who have had finished their treatment of tuberculosis. Sample were 43 respondents. The independent variables in this study were the role of the DOTSs, education level, family support, motivation and the DOTSs attitude. The dependent variables were the patient’s obedience in taking medication and the evaluation of the acid fast bacterias in their sputum. Data were collected by using questionnaire and observation sputum the to evaluate acid fast bacteria. Data were analyzed by using Spearman Rho with significance level with α<0.05.Results : The result showed that role of the DOTSs had significance correlation with the succeeding program of tuberculosis (r=0.023), education level had significance correlation (r=0.043), family support as the DOTS had significance correlation (r=0.021), motivation (r=0.032) and attitude (r=0.014).Conclusion: It can be concluded that the role of the DOTS has correlation with succesing tuberculosis treatment. Discussion : The role of PMO cause the succesfully of Tb treatment for the community in Bajawa City, Ngada NTT.
Large numbers of households in rural areas in Bangladesh have no access to electricity. Providing these households with electricity by extending the country’s already overloaded grids is neither an ...economically nor a technically feasible option. Rural electrification strategies therefore, by necessity, need to rely on stand-alone generation systems. One of these is solar home systems (SHS) and the SHS program developed and implemented in Bangladesh has been highly successful, with very large numbers of rural households now participating in the program. What makes the program’s success most remarkable is the fact that it targets households with very low incomes using a purely market-based approach. Those participating in the program pay the full, unsubsidised cost of their SHS using a micro-credit loan facility and are charged high interest rates. Understanding the reasons behind the success of the Bangladeshi program therefore holds potentially valuable lessons for SHS programs being implemented in other developing countries. A comprehensive qualitative and quantitative survey was used to find those factors perceived by program stakeholders as being most critical to the program’s success to date and the factors considered most likely to impact on its future success. The two primary reasons for the program’s success were perceived to be its strong focus on meeting householders’ needs and on its ability to make the solar home systems as affordable as possible. The continued success of the program was considered likely to be determined by a variety of factors, including the ability of program implementers to control increases in the cost of SHS, to maintain the quality of SHS and components and to increase program loan recovery rates, the degree to which the program is integrated into national, energy policy, and the degree to which local banks become involved in the program.
► We surveyed Bangladesh SHS program which has been cited as very successful in literature. ► The research aim to understand the reasons behind the success of the program and its limitations. ► The factors that are seen as most likely to impact on program’s future success are also investigate.
Features of Students Ideas about Life Success Stroyanovska, Olena; Dolynska, Liubov; Shevchenko, Nataliia ...
Brain. Broad research in artificial intelligence and neuroscience,
03/2021, Letnik:
12, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The article presents the results of the analysis of scientific research studying the problem of life success and the features of the ideas about it among students of different genders and ...specialties. The features of understanding of success, successfulness, success in life, as well as the process of achieving it, which is determined by personal motivation for changes and development, accompanied by the energy status of activity, a positive emotional state, leading to the achievement of the desired goal in a certain area of social life and the well-being of the individual, have been determined. The results of the ascertaining experiment confirm the research assumption that the peculiarities of students' ideas about success in life are determined by their gender and the choice of professional specialization. It was found that girls and boys mainly focus on material values, their own self-realization and career growth, which can hinder the maximum comprehensive implementation and high quality of life of the individual in the future. Achieving goals and money as part of life's success are often high on the minds of students, regardless of their specialization. The exceptions are lawyers, for whom self-realization is more important, TV journalists, for whom money comes first, and actors, for whom the most important thing is to satisfy their needs and respect others. Most students assess their level of life success as medium or low, which can reduce their level of motivation, self-esteem, self-efficacy in the implementation of aspirations and requires the development of special psychological recipes to optimize the process of achieving their life success.
Purpose: comparative analysis of limbs’ joints goniometric indicators of martial arts athletes; study of sportsmanship level influence on kick boxers’ movements’ amplitude. Material: martial arts ...athletes - students and senior pupils (n=29) participated in the research. The participants were divided into two groups. 1st group consisted of 18 kick boxers of age 17.44±0.34 years. 2nd group included 11 wrestlers of age 18.45±0.39 years. The first group was divided into two sub-groups: sub group 1a - 9 athletes of age 18.22±0.52 years and sportsmanship level: candidates and masters of sports. Sub group 1b consisted of 9 athletes, age (16.67±0.24) years and sportsmanship level from beginners to 1st sport category. We registered movements’ amplitude in wrist, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee and ankle joints. Results: we confirmed the distinctions of goniometric indicators of martial arts athletes’ limbs joints. It was found that sportsmanship level of kick-boxers influences to certain extent on movements’ amplitude. The found distinctions reflect clearly specific of kind of sports. Wrestlers have higher amplitude of movements in wrist joints that determines reliable grip in a fight. Kick boxers have better amplitude of movements in elbow and shoulder joints. It permits to punch with higher strength. The closeness of goniometric indicators of different sportsmanship kick-boxers proves equal orientation of their training. Need in constant keeping combat stance conditions reduction of in-movement amplitude in right wrist joint and outside movement in left shoulder joint of experienced athletes. Conclusions: increase of abduction in hip joint and reduction of bending in left knee joint illustrate specificities of punching/kicking, optimization of their technique in experienced athletes. The higher is training experience, the more working asymmetry of joints’ movements is.
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