Crossminton is characterized by the repetition of specific one-side movements that is the determining factor of the development of muscle asymmetry and damage to the musculoskeletal system.
The ...purpose of the study was to identify the lateral symmetry between the dominant and nondominant upper limb of crossminton players and to compare the muscle profile of the players with the recommendation values of tennis players.
Four elite crossminton players with world ranking position in top 10 participated in our study. We used a tensiomyography to measure the occurrence of functional disorders of the upper limb muscles. Tensiomyography measures were obtained for 8 muscles: m. deltoideus posterior, m. deltoideus anterior, m. pectoralis major, m. biceps brachii, m. triceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor digitorum, m. extensor digitorum. We represented the parameters of overall lateral symmetry, maximal displacement (Dm) and contraction time (Tc) for each player individually.
Individual TMG-derived parameters such as Tc, Dm and lateral symmetry were different between the dominant and non-dominant upper limb. The major finding of this study was that in each crossminton player was found a significantly overall lateral asymmetry of m. triceps brachii. Interestingly, Tc and Dm values were higher in the non-dominant limb in m. triceps brachii compared to the dominant limb for all the crossminton players.
According to the results of this study, finding the occurrence of muscle asymmetry between the upper limbs, we recommend carry out regular diagnostics of the musculoskeletal system and the inclusion of compensatory exercises, which would prevent or reduce the occurrence of muscle imbalance.
Purpose The present study aimed to investigate a) the associations between bilateral performance utilizing countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), speed and unilateral CMJ, isokinetic peak ...torque in knee extension and flexion with angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s and tensiomyography (TMG) parameters; b) whether the asymmetries derived from unilateral tests are associated with bilateral CMJ, SJ and speed in elite female soccer players. Methods Thirty-five elite female soccer players (average age: 20 ± 5 years) completed CMJ, SJ, speed, isokinetic muscle strength and TMG tests. Results Compared to the non-dominant leg, the dominant leg demonstrated greater peak torque output in both knee flexion (7.4%) and knee extension (5.6%) isokinetic tasks, as well as m. vastus medialis contraction time (7.6%), and soccer-specific agility test (4.1%). Conversely, the hamstring to quadriceps peak torque ratio at 180°/s (8.5%) was significantly greater in the non-dominant leg. The associations between CMJ, SJ and speed performance were positive and ranged from weak ( r = 0.350) to high ( r = 0.710). For speed and TMG-derived variables, correlations were negative and ranged from weak ( r = −0.345, p = 0.042, for vastus medialis contraction time) to moderate ( r = −0.530, p = 0.001, for biceps femoris contraction time). Furthermore, both bilateral CMJ and SJ negatively correlated with TMG-derived variables, ranging from weak ( r = −0.350, p = 0.039, for vastus lateralis contraction time) to moderate ( r = −0.537, p = 0.003, for rectus femoris contraction time). Conclusion The overall significant, albeit inconsistent, correlations between the diverse performance scores obtained highlight the necessity for a multifaceted and thorough diagnostic strategy in female soccer players.
Display omitted
•The synthesis of dual-ionic HIP-COOH-TMG by introducing TMG.•The HIP-COOH-TMG had abundant layered porous structure.•HIP-COOH-TMG has excellent CO2 conversion performance under mild ...conditions.•Enrichment of CO2 was observed in structure of HIP-COOH-TMG.
It is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions and protecting the environment to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into high-value chemicals. The cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides to prepare cyclic carbonates is a very attractive and potential approach. However, due to the inherent chemical inertness of CO2, the development of highly efficient, metal-free, solvent-free, and co-catalyst-free heterogeneous catalysts is crucial. Herein, a dual-ionic system hyper-cross-linked polymer (HIP-COOH-TMG) was synthesized by a post-synthetic strategy. HIP-COOH-TMG with multiple active sites was characterized by FT-IR, XPS and other characterizations. HIP-COOH-TMG exhibited the excellent catalytic activity than HIP-COOH for the CO2 cycloaddition, the yield and selectivity of chloropropene carbonate (CC) reached 99 % within 8 h at 110 °C under 1 MPa CO2 pressure. In addition, HIP-COOH-TMG is easily separated from the product, has good recyclability and structural stability, and exhibits high activity towards a series of epoxides. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the synergistic catalytic mechanism of hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) groups = NH2+ sites and N sites activation of HIP-COOH-TMG, providing a reference for the design of metal-free, co-catalyst-free, and solvent-free heterogeneous catalysts.
Aging of skeletal muscles results in a cascade of events negatively affecting muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to reduced mobility, increased risk of falls, disability, and loss of ...independence. To date, different methods are used to assess muscle mechanical function, tensiomyography (TMG) being one of them. The aim of this review was twofold: to summarize the evidence-based usefulness of tensiomyography in older adults and to establish reference values for the main tensiomyography parameters in older adults.
The PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and tensiomyography databases were searched from inception until 25 December 2022. Studies investigating older adults (aged 60+ years) that reported tensiomyography-derived parameters such as contraction time (Tc) and/or maximal displacement (Dm) were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.
In total, eight studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Tensiomyography has been used on different groups of older adults, including asymptomatic, master athletes, patients with peripheral arterial disease, and patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis with a mean age of 71.5 ± 5.38 (55.7% male subjects). The most evaluated were leg muscles such as vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and biceps femoris (BF). The present review demonstrates that tensiomyography is used to assess neuromuscular function in asymptomatic and diseased older adults. When compared to asymptomatic individuals, power master athletes, knee osteoarthritis patients, and patients diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease have the shortest Tc in BF, VL, and GM muscles, respectively. On the other hand, endurance master athletes showed the longest Tc in all three evaluated muscles. Less mobile, nursing-home residents showed higher Dm in VL and BF, while lower Dm in GM than the asymptomatic group. The knee osteoarthritis group showed the largest Dm in BF and VL while having the smallest Dm in GM.
Tensiomyography can serve as a valuable tool for assessing neuromuscular function in older adults. The method is sensitive to muscle composition, architecture, and (pre) atrophic changes of the skeletal muscles and might be responsive to muscle quality changes in aging and diseased populations.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=402345, identifier CRD42023402345.
Asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) presents an exceptionally powerful and efficient tool for the rapid synthesis of a diverse range of chiral compounds with high yields and excellent levels of ...enantioselectivity. To support the production of ethyl (R)-1-allyl-2-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate 1 on a large scale, a highly practical and economical AAA process is highly desirable. Herein, we report a greatly improved reaction protocol by thorough optimization of the original conditions developed by Trost et al. Multiple reaction parameters including reaction temperature, concentration, stoichiometric amount of TMG (1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine), and water are thoroughly investigated. It was determined that the reaction rate was significantly improved in the presence of 2.0 equiv of TMG and an optimal amount of water (Pd:H2O = 1:160) at 10–15 °C. Our efforts led to the design and development of a highly efficient chemical process using η3-C3H5PdCl2 as low as 0.025 mol % under solvent-free conditions, enabling facile and robust scaleup in an economical and sustainable fashion on a large scale.
To enable an in-depth survey of the metabolic potential of complex soil microbiomes, we performed ultra-deep metagenome sequencing, collecting >1 Tb of sequence data from three grassland soils ...representing different precipitation regimes.
ABSTRACT
To enable an in-depth survey of the metabolic potential of complex soil microbiomes, we performed ultra-deep metagenome sequencing, collecting >1 Tb of sequence data from three grassland soils representing different precipitation regimes.
Diverse role of survival motor neuron protein Singh, Ravindra N.; Howell, Matthew D.; Ottesen, Eric W. ...
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms,
03/2017, Letnik:
1860, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The multifunctional Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein is required for the survival of all organisms of the animal kingdom. SMN impacts various aspects of RNA metabolism through the formation and/or ...interaction with ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. SMN regulates biogenesis of small nuclear RNPs, small nucleolar RNPs, small Cajal body-associated RNPs, signal recognition particles and telomerase. SMN also plays an important role in DNA repair, transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, histone mRNA processing, translation, selenoprotein synthesis, macromolecular trafficking, stress granule formation, cell signaling and cytoskeleton maintenance. The tissue-specific requirement of SMN is dictated by the variety and the abundance of its interacting partners. Reduced expression of SMN causes spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of infant mortality. SMA displays a broad spectrum ranging from embryonic lethality to an adult onset. Aberrant expression and/or localization of SMN has also been associated with male infertility, inclusion body myositis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and osteoarthritis. This review provides a summary of various SMN functions with implications to a better understanding of SMA and other pathological conditions.
•SMN interacts with multiple partners within the cytosol and the nucleus.•SMN participates in several aspects of RNA metabolism.•SMN regulates DNA recombination and repair.•SMN is involved in cell signaling, intracellular trafficking, endocytosis and autophagy.
Many South-African towns in the Western Cape Province are dependent on surface water resources to satisfy the ever-increasing water demand. In recent years, the effects of climate change on the ...environment has challenged these areas continually and recently led to calls for major changes in water management. The Lower Olifants River Water Management Area experienced an extreme drought that persisted from 2016 to 2018, which led to the need for development of groundwater resources. The local economy of the Lower Olifants River is dependent on water releases from the Clanwilliam and Bulshoek Dams, located within the Olifants River Syncline (ORS), where ‘megafault’ zones form preferred flowpaths for groundwater in the Table Mountain Group (TMG) aquifers. The Lower Olifants River Water User Association (LORWUA) was mandated to proceed with the exploration and development of these aquifers to supplement the existing water use of the LORWUA. This will be available during periods of less rainfall and therefore increase the security of the water supplied. The groundwater project aimed at exploring and developing the fractured rock aquifers of the Peninsula (Op) and Skurweberg (Ss) Formations contained within the TMG. Through a high-level desktop assessment, remote sensing investigations and geophysical ground surveys, several target areas and drilling priorities were identified to obtain high borehole yields that access the resource in proximity to existing surface infrastructure. The projected water need from the groundwater resource was 8.6 million cubic metres per annum (Mm3/a). Faults/structure zones were the main hydrogeological targets, with drill target depths of structures planned for intersection deeper than 100 m below ground level (mbgl). Down-hole camera work and initial aquifer testing concluded that deep geological contact zones are prone to collapse when flow is induced in water-bearing fractures. This indicated the need for production borehole construction, even prior to aquifer testing for yield estimates. A major concern still to be resolved is the availability of water in storage and the realistic expectations of the well field over time. Although individual borehole testing provided information on the properties of specific water-bearing structures, long-term monitoring will provide a better understanding of the aquifer in response to abstraction and recovery in times of rest. The operating rules for the conjunctive use of the well field developed, with the existing surface water scheme, is still to be defined and modelled for optimisation, pending long-term monitoring.
Display omitted
•Sub-vertical structures were significant conduits for confined aquifer flow, albeit prone to collapse.•Optimal flow from deep confined fracture networks require significant pressure changes.•Pumping rates and installation depths attribute to borehole efficiency.•Groundwater under pressure flows from the confined aquifer into the surface water system, even when production boreholes are operational.•Groundwater is viable as a conjunctive use option; these schemes should be developed timeously, not in drought situations.
PDF
