Bing Xin 冰心is the most recognized and renowned Chinese translator of Rabindranath Tagore. Translation researchers together with critics and readers have attributed Bing Xin's popularity as Tagore's ...Chinese translator mainly to her literary achievements. In other words, Bing Xin's fame as a top modern Chinese writer is transferred onto her role as a translator. The trust and readership she earned as a writer create an illusion among Chinese readers that Bing Xin's translation is the same as Tagore's "original" writing. Consequently, Bing Xin creates a Chinese image of Tagore with her writing and translation style. In this essay, I employ Pierre Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital to argue that the critical acclaim enjoyed by Bing Xin owes greatly to the social and cultural capital she holds, in addition to her literary success compared with other less accomplished and less recognized Chinese translators of Tagore. The social and cultural capital is embodied in her identities as both a writer and a translator. This sociological study of Bing Xin's translation of Tagore reveals the myth and illusion of the canonical position she holds as Tagore's Chinese translation, with the hope of dispelling this illusion and allowing other translations to be recognized and appreciated.
This paper shall unpack the Pandemic by reading the metaphor of moral degradation that gets regularly associated with disease and death. Tagore's novel contemplates this metaphorical association and ...undoes it by locating human agency outside of naturalized morality. The paper establishes Tagore's modernist understanding of human agency and responsibility through two characters - Gobindamanikya and Bilwan. The protagonist, Gobindamanikya, exemplifies Tagore's personal form of Virtue ethics, whereas in Bilwan we see a more practical equivalent of that Virtue ethics in the form of an ethics of care. A formidable opposition to their ethical positions is provided by the character of Raghupati, who invokes the natural order to establish a deontological view of reality. Within this naturalistic deontological worldview, calamities like the pandemic become almost an agreeable occurrence, thus testing the validity of both the positions of Bilwan and Gobindamanikya. By looking at the thanatopolitics of the pandemic situation in the Indian subcontinent, this paper will analyse the assumptions about moral degeneration that cropped up during an epidemic in Tripura. The absence of a mature understanding of the human-nature relation results in conflicting moral stances on both the individual level and between two different religious communities. The paper will explain how the central characters stage a denaturalization of traditional authority through the moral intervention of the central characters. Tagore's novel establishes a mature vintage point from which humanitarian action can be conducted in the event of an epidemic or pandemic.
Rabindranath Tagore had a close observation on Bengali women. He tried to draw the picture of women's position, life style and the inherent miseries from the context of patriarchal mechanism. In most ...of his short stories, he always kept a permanent platform to examine the society as well as its traditional beliefs and barriers against the emancipation of women. The short story "Subha" is one of them. Through the deaf girl Subha, Tagore explained how cruel and terrible role a system can play to make one's life devastating. Although the girl was innocent and harmless, she had to face utmost ignorance, insult and suffocating isolation not only from her family but also from her nearest people. The physical challenge she faced was not her own creation. That was completely a natural phenomenon due to biological complicacies by birth. She could have a normal and happier life like others. As she was physically challenged, the system could be sympathetic considering her situations and struggles. But what Subha experienced in reality was totally opposite to her expectation. In the society she discovered herself as a burden, a threat and a stranger. The aim of this paper is to find out the existential elements that grasped Subha's existence at least as a human being. Keywords: Tagore, Subha, Woman Self, Individuality, Freedom, Anxiety, Destiny, Existentialism
According to the author, millennials are ill-prepared to use cutting-edge technologies in an innovative, responsible, and critical way in their future professions. The REDINGE2 project was conceived ...as a technology-based educational transformation initiative whose main purpose was to transform engineering education practices by using technology-based active learning strategies with the Big-ideas approach. ...the paper by Florez addresses the question of how to develop leadership competencies in students.
This article will study how Xu Zhimo interpreted Rabindranath Tagore’s theory during Tagore’s trip to China in 1924. Taking Said’s traveling theory as a model for the structure of this analysis, I ...explore Xu Zhimo’s decisions by analyzing parallel texts and paratexts through four Saidian phases – that is, from the perspectives of point of origin, distance traversed, resistances and final accommodation. The study reveals that Xu, an interpreter making his own self-directed decisions, acted as a trailblazer for the spread of Tagore’s theories in 1920s China, restoring Tagore’s image and defending Tagore’s values despite suffering an array of harsh criticisms.
The research paper attempts to achieve stylistic analysis of Rabindranath Tagore's Gitanjali which is a world famous Indian classical text. The text includes the collection of 103 poems selected and ...translated by Tagore himself from his various Bengali books of poetry. The reason for analyzing this particular text is that this is one of the texts for which the poet Rabindranath Tagore received Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. Further, this text being one of the classical texts of India needs to be analyzed linguistically. Therefore, the text gets analyzed at various levels of stylistic analysis namely phonological, lexical and morphological, syntactic, semantic and graphological. The each level of analysis explores different stylistic devices as employed in the poems through which the poet conveys the meaning of the poem more effectively to the readers. The identification and analysis of stylistic devices help us understand the literal and figurative meanings of the poems. The use of several stylistic devices like alliteration, assonance, consonance, parallelism, reduplication, simile, personification, capitalization etc. at various levels of stylistic analysis have significantly contributed to the expressions of spiritual meanings as well as to the poetic structures of the text. Keywords: Rabindranath Tagore, Gitanjali, Style, Stylistics, Stylistic Analysis.
Travelling is a common subject and motif throughout the works of Indian poet, philosopher and artist Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941). Tagore travelled across India and the world throughout his life, ...especially after winning the Nobel Prize for Literature. He often wrote of his journeys and their lessons in letters, memoirs, and essays and frequently used travelling and related themes as metaphors or allusions in written and visual works. Travelling between inner and outer realms, home and world, was especially illuminating, offering him inspiration and new perspectives. This discussion traces the theme of travel across Tagore's career, examining references to travelling in four different genres in Tagore's oeuvre - early travel letters, a mid-life memoir, his prize-winning poetry and paintings made later in life. These and related works are used to show how the act and idea of travel profoundly influenced Tagore's life and works, shaping his political, educational and creative philosophies.
This article focuses on Tagore's translations of medieval saint-poets, writing in different Indian languages, to examine his attempts at "impossible" boundary crossings, from the medieval to the ...modern, the local to the transregional, and the sacred to the literary. These translations are considered in terms of multilinguality, vernacularization and the democratization of literature, collaborative translation, and Tagore's contribution to the ongoing process of constructing a South Asian "modernity" for his own times. They destabilize distinctions between "classical" and "popular", secular and sacred, erotic and mystical, textual and performative. They can be read as "transcreations", often involving unorthodox collaborative methods. They challenge conventional translation theories privileging fidelity, singular authorship and the authority of the "original". Tagore's translations provide a dynamic model for a potential contemporary rethinking of the role of translation in South Asian literary history.
This paper asks the following question: can an atheist reader fully taste the aesthetic meaning of poetry written by a theist author? This question is discussed with specific reference to the ...devotional poetry of Tagore. The paper discusses forms of pre-modern religious thinking which influenced Tagore’s conceptions of God, his relation to Nature, human society, and the human self. But it stresses that Tagore’s time was different from those of pre-modern believers. Tagore, as a modern thinker, had to fashion a response to the ‘problem’ of disenchantment. He constructed a philosophic vision that embraced modern science, but argued that it did not dispel the sense of living in an enchanted universe. Consequently, it is argued that a nastika can enjoy his poetry. This requires the nastika to view the idea of God not as a failure of cognition, but as a triumph of the imagination. I can continue to enjoy Tagore’s poetry without unease.
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