Susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to UV irradiation Heilingloh, Christiane Silke; Aufderhorst, Ulrich Wilhelm; Schipper, Leonie ...
American journal of infection control,
10/2020, Letnik:
48, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
•SARS-CoV-2 is highly susceptible to irradiation with ultraviolet light.•High viral loads of 5 * 106 TCID50/ml SARS-CoV-2 can be inactivated in 9 minutes by UVC irradiation.•UVC irradiation ...represents a suitable disinfection method for SARS-CoV-2.
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic became a global health burden. We determined the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to irradiation with ultraviolet light. The virus was highly susceptible to ultraviolet light. A viral stock with a high infectious titer of 5 × 106 TCID50/mL was completely inactivated by UVC irradiation after nine minutes of exposure. The UVC dose required for complete inactivation was 1,048 mJ/cm2. UVA exposure demonstrated only a weak effect on virus inactivation over 15 minutes. Hence, inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by UVC irradiation constitutes a reliable method for disinfection purposes in health care facilities and for preparing SARS-CoV-2 material for research purpose.
Reply to Robson et al Koski, Matthew H; MacQueen, Drew; Ashman, Tia-Lynn
Current biology,
07/2021, Letnik:
31, Številka:
14
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Robson et al.'s commentary
on our article, 'Floral pigmentation has responded rapidly to global change in ozone and temperature'
, questions the study's conclusion that floral ultraviolet (UV) ...pigmentation has responded to global change, particularly to total column ozone (TCO). Robson et al.
claim that our study spanned a time frame in which ozone was not declining and suggest no biological relationship between UV-B exposure and UV floral pigmentation. To support their claims, they selectively remove and reanalyze data. We respond with a critique of their interpretations of our results, and analyses of temporal patterns of TCO data from Koski et al.
. Despite Robson et al.'s concerns, our study continues to support a link between temporal changes in ozone and temperature, and temporal changes in UV floral pigmentation.
We examined the distribution characteristics of melanin in different tissues and organs of
and
by using histological method. The results showed that melanin was distributed in the head skin, dorsal ...skin, lateral skin, peritoneal kidney layer, spinal cord cavity wall, peritoneal wall layer, pericardial cavity wall, neurocranial cavity wall and eyes of both
species. Melanin was not found in the abdomen skin, liver chorion, gonad capsule and spleen capsule. Melanin was distributed in the dermis layer and subcutaneous layer in the skin, and in the endothelial layer or wall layer in other tissues and organs. Melanin was mainly distributed on the back, with sparse and symmetrical distribution on both sides of the body. Melanin was more abundant and densely distributed on the dorsal and lateral skin with stripes than areas without stripes. Melanin in the no stripes skin was only partially aggregated or formed intermittently distributed melanin patches. The distribution of melanin in different tissues and organs of t
•Review covers the progress in photo-activated PS-based AOPs for water treatment.•The various underlying photo-activation mechanisms are comprehensively discussed.•The roles of light to improve ...PS-based AOPs for water treatment are summarized.
Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-based AOPs) under UV, visible, or solar irradiation are being intensively investigated for water treatment. Tremendous advances have been made for enhancing the performance towards the destruction of target pollutants, but a deeper understanding of the role of light in different photo-activated PS-based AOPs is still needed as a basis for improving the efficiency. This paper intends to provide an in-depth review of the underlying photo-activation mechanisms and recent progress in various common photo-activated PS-based AOPs reported over the last decade. Based on a comprehensive survey of previous studies, we categorize these processes according to their reaction mechanisms, including activation by direct UV radiation, processes based on dye-photosensitization, activation through ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), and photocatalytic processes. Moreover, the improvement in performance of contaminant degradation in these processes compared with those in the absence of light are summarized. Finally, we conclude this review by proposing critical challenges and future perspectives for developing efficient photo-activated PS-based AOPs toward improvement in water treatment and remediation.
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A simple label-free method for the detection of Hg(2+) ions with high selectivity and sensitivity has been developed by using fluorescent Au NCs in aqueous media. The sensing mechanism was based on ...the high-affinity metallophilic Hg(2+)-Au(+) interactions, which effectively quenched the fluorescence of Au NCs.
The heterojunction photocatalyst, BiOIO
/Bi
O
(OH)
(NO
)
·1.5H
O (BiOIO
/BBN), was successfully synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The results showed that under UV light ...irradiation, the formation of a heterojunction could greatly enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared catalyst for bisphenol A (BPA). The BiOIO
/BBN heterostructure had the best reaction rate constant, which was 81.82 times, 1.52 times, and 43.40 times improvement of TiO
, BiOIO
, and BBN respectively. Through the free radical capture experiments and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, it was conducted that
O
, h
, e
, •OH and •O
were reactive species in the process of photocatalytic degradation of BPA. The photocatalytic mechanism was further investigated and confirmed that the BiOIO
/BBN heterojunction could improve the separation and transfer of photo-generated carriers, thereby greatly enhancing the catalytic efficiency. The degradation products of BPA were detected by HPLC-MS, and the degradation reaction pathway was deduced.
UV-Induced Proton Transfer between DNA Strands Zhang, Yuyuan; de La Harpe, Kimberly; Beckstead, Ashley A ...
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
06/2015, Letnik:
137, Številka:
22
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
UV radiation creates excited states in DNA that lead to mutagenic photoproducts. Photoexcitation of single-stranded DNA can transfer an electron between stacked bases, but the fate of excited states ...in the double helix has been intensely debated. Here, photoinduced interstrand proton transfer (PT) triggered by intrastrand electron transfer (ET) is detected for the first time by time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations. Long-lived excited states are shown to be oppositely charged base pair radical ions. In two of the duplexes, the base pair radical anions are present as tautomers formed by interstrand PT. Charge recombination occurs on the picosecond time scale preventing the accumulation of damaging radicals or mutagenic tautomers.
Plastic pollution, particularly non-degradable residual plastic films and microplastics (MPs), is a serious environmental problem that continues to worsen each year. Numerous studies have ...characterized the degradation of plastic fragments; however, there is known a lack of about the state of current physicochemical biodegradation methods used for plastics treatment and their degradation efficiency. Therefore, this review explores the effects of different physicochemical factors on plastics/MPs degradation, including mechanical comminution, ultraviolet radiation, high temperature, and pH value. Further, this review discusses different mechanisms of physicochemical degradation and summarizes the degradation efficiency of these factors under various conditions. Additionally, the important role of enzymes in the biodegradation mechanism of plastics/MPs is also discussed. Collectively, the topics discussed in this review provide a solid basis for future research on plastics/MPs degradation methods and their effects.
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•UV could disrupt the molecular structure of MPs to produce –CO−, C–OH, and –CHOOH groups.•Physicochemical degradation of MPs was caused by many factors.•The degradation efficiency of MPs mainly depends on the type of microorganism.•Microorganisms have selective degradation effect on different polymers.•The biodegradation mechanism of MPs is conducted by the participation of enzymes.
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