In 2017, the government of Flanders decided to award yearly grants for synthesising research on archaeological data produced via development-led archaeology in Flanders (Belgium). At present, no less ...than 34 archaeological projects have been financially supported this way. Three of those projects deal with the archaeology of modern conflicts. The project 'Conflict archaeology of the Second World War in Flanders' will be discussed in more detail. World War II archaeology is a very young discipline in Flanders, although the enormous expertise in conflict archaeology of World War I caused a turnaround in recent years. Putting all the archaeological information together, it turned out that traces of WWII were already being investigated at 172 sites, far more than expected. Some are targeted excavations on large sites, but mostly they are small traces that came to light by chance. This picture is contrasted with knowledge gained in recent years from historical research and from remote sensing sources. The Centre for Historical and Archaeological Aerial Photography or CHAL (Province of West Flanders, In Flanders Fields Museum, Ghent University) plays an important role here. Over 43,000 historical aerial photographs taken during both World Wars provide a unique overview of the war landscape in Belgium and offer enormous archaeological potential today. A combination of analysis of the digital elevation model Flanders for the above-ground preservation of war traces and the archaeological information from excavations give us an unseen landscape insight.
Using data from NHANES 2007-2018, to examine the association between WWI (weight-adjusted waist index) index and prevalence of kidney stones.
Using multiple logistic regression analysis of the ...National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018, we evaluated the association between WWI index and the prevalence of kidney stones, followed by subgroup analysis of sensitive populations. Smooth curve fitting was used to determine whether there was a non-linear relationship between the WWI index and kidney stone prevalence, and threshold effect analysis was used to test this relationship.
Among 29,280 participants, 2,760 self-reported renal calculi. After adjustment for all confounders, there was a positive association between WWI and kidney stone prevalence (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.28), and this positive association was stronger with increasing WWI (and
= 0.01 for trend). Our results indicate a non-linear positive correlation between WWI index and kidney stones, with the saturation threshold effect analysis and the most important threshold value at 11.02. According to subgroup analysis, WWI showed the strongest association with kidney stone prevalence in participants aged 20-39 years, males, other US ethnic groups, and participants without hypertension and diabetes.
Increased WWI is positively associated with increased incidence of kidney stones, and increased WWI is a high risk for kidney stones that should be treated with caution. This association should be more pronounced in people between the ages of 20 and 39 years, in men, in other US ethnic populations, and in participants who do not have hypertension or diabetes.
Pioneering aviator, blackshirt leader, colonial governor,
confidante and heir-apparent to Benito Mussolini, the dashing and
charismatic Italo Balbo exemplified the ideals of Fascist Italy
during the ...1920s and 30s. He earned national notoriety after World
War I as a ruthless squadrista whose blackshirt forces
crushed socialist and trade union organizations. As Minister of
Aviation from 1926 to 1933, he led two internationally heralded
mass trans-Atlantic flights. When his aerial armada reached the U.
S., Chicago honored him with a Balbo Avenue, New York staged a
ticker-tape parade, and President Roosevelt invited him to lunch.
As colonial governor from 1933 to 1940, Balbo transformed Libya
from backward colony to model Italian province. To many, Italo
Balbo seemed to embody a noble vision of Fascism and the New Italy.
Depression has become a multifaceted global health issue, with complex connections to obesity. Weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) can effectively evaluate central obesity, but the relationship between ...WWI and depression has not been well studied. The study aims to investigate the potential correlation between these two health parameters.
According to the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this cross-sectional study used multiple regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and smooth curve fitting to explore the relationship between WWI and depression. The assessment ability of WWI was evaluated and compared to other obesity indicators using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
This study analyzed 38,154 participants. Higher WWI is associated with higher depression scores (β = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.36-0.47). After adjusting for various confounding factors, the positive correlation between WWI and depression remained significant (P for trend < 0.0001). Nonlinear positive correlation was detected with a breakpoint of 11.14. ROC analysis shows that compared to other obesity indicators (ROCWWI = 0.593; ROCBMI = 0.584; and ROCWC = 0.581), the correlation between WWI and depression has better discrimination and accuracy. DII mediated 4.93%, SII mediated 5.08%, and sedentary mediated 0.35% of the total association between WWI and depression.
WWI levels were related to an increased likelihood of depression and showed a stronger relationship than BMI and waist circumference. Our findings indicated that WWI may serve as a simple anthropometric index to evaluate depression.
La Grande Guerre a fortement marqué les paysages, notamment sur le front ouest, des Flandres à l’Alsace. Les cratères de mines, les trous d’obus, les abris, les tranchées et boyaux de communications ...dégagent des « polémopaysages » caractéristiques de la zone de front. Ces « polémoformes » subsistent sous couvert forestier et sont mises en évidence à l’aide du LiDAR aéroporté alors qu’elles sont intégralement nivelées en zone cultivée. En Champagne, l’extension de la ville de Reims occasionne des prescriptions archéologiques et permet de mieux connaître l’organisation spatiale et la nature du remplissage de ces formes, par une approche archéométrique (pénétromètrie dynamique, coupes mécaniques orientées, photographies par drone). L’analyse réalisée sur un secteur expérimental de 2 ha, en première ligne de défense, permet de caractériser les structures archéologiques de la Grande Guerre dans un contexte typique de rendosols sur poches de cryoturbation étirées dans la craie de Champagne. Les résultats montrent que les formes de la Grande Guerre sont nivelées par un remplissage polyphasé avec une sédimentation fine synchrone au conflit, suivie d’un remblaiement hétérométrique peu consolidé. Ce dernier provenant des géomatériaux du parados et du parapet démantelés, est riche en fragments métalliques des réseaux de défense accessoire, surmonté d’un apport de terre végétale. La bombturbation détermine également une contamination métallique par « effet pépite » circonscrite aux entonnoirs d’obus, comblés par des apports de terre. Ces pédoturbations anthropiques déterminent d’importantes disparités spatiales des réserves hydriques du sol et sont associées à des risques géotechniques et pyrotechniques.
This chapter explores the possibility that capacitation and apoptosis are linked processes joined by their common dependence on the continued generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. According to ...this model capacitation is initiated in spematozoa following their release into the female reproductive tract as a consequence of intracellular ROS generation, which stimulates intracellular cAMP generation, inhibits tyrosine phosphatase activity and enhances the formation of oxysterols prior to their removal from the sperm surface by albumin. The continued generation of ROS by capacitating populations of spermatozoa eventually overwhelms the limited capacity of these cells to protect themselves from oxidative stress. As a result the over-capacitation of spermatozoa leads to a state of senescence and the activation of a truncated intrinsic apoptotic cascade characterized by enhanced mitochondrial RO$ generation, lipid peroxidation, motility loss, caspase activation and phosphatidylserine externalization. The latter may be particularly important in instructing phagocytic leukocytes that the removal of senescent, moribund spermatozoa should be a silent process unaccompanied by the generation of proinflammatory cytokines. These observations reveal the central role played by redox chemistry in defining the life and death of spermatozoa. A knowledge of these mechanisms may help us to engineer novel solutions to both support and preserve the functionality of these highly specialized cells.
Vanda Wilcox's edited volume Italy in the Era of the Great War analyses the political, military, social, economic and cultural history of war in Italy between 1911 and 1922.
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