Il contributo intende esaminare i caratteri del notariato milanese nel delicato momento di passaggio dall’antico regime alla successiva età napoleonica, quando l’ideologia della Rivoluzione, ...esportata dalle armate napoleoniche, comportò, nello specifico settore notarile, l’abbandono delle eterogenee funzioni che avevano caratterizzato i notai settecenteschi, in continuo bilanciamento tra ‘privato’ e ‘pubblico’, e l’affermarsi di una serie di nuovi, fondamentali principi. Si studierà, in particolare, il caso di Milano che, dopo aver conosciuto alcuni cambiamenti di rilievo sul finire dell’ancien régime, come la nascita dell’Archivio pubblico (1775), la riforma giuseppina del reclutamento dei notai e il Regolamento generale per i notari della Lombardia austriaca (1794), visse, prima da capitale del Regno d’Italia napoleonico e poi nella realtà politica del Regno Lombardo-Veneto, un’intensa stagione di vivaci dibattiti in merito all’opportunità e alle modalità di innovare una professione, da tempo esercitata in maniera proteiforme da un ceto, tutt’altro che compatto, in cui si distinguevano operatori molto diversi tra loro per cultura e provenienza sociale. Senza apparentemente soffrire i frenetici rivolgimenti politici della prima metà dell’Ottocento, i notai lombardi si dimostrarono una categoria operosa, capace di adattarsi ai tempi nuovi, non più frenati, nella loro ascesa sociale e professionale, dai vincoli imposti dalla società di antico regime.
All’indomani dell’Unità nelle carceri e nei luoghi di pena del neonato regno d’Italia iniziarono a diffondersi scuole e biblioteche, intesi dalle autorità dell’epoca – supportati da un effervescente ...dibattito tra i cultori delle discipline carcerarie – come strumenti in grado agevolare la redenzione dei detenuti nel corso dell’espiazione delle condanne comminate. Il presente contributo si pro- pone di inquadrare la genesi, i momenti cronologici e le basi ideologiche delle biblioteche carce- rarie italiane alla luce di fonti bibliografiche coeve, esemplificandole nelle vicende del piccolo car- cere mandamentale di Legnago (Verona) alla luce di una corposa documentazione archivistica. In questo case-study la fugace esperienza della biblioteca carceraria del locale tribunale, avviata grazie all’impulso filantropico del maestro elementare Carlo Marcati, fa emergere le macroscopiche criticità dell’assioma carcere-scuola-biblioteca, affidato quasi sempre all’iniziativa privata, per lo più privo di finanziamenti statale, il più delle volte mal tollerata e sottoposta ad una pressante controllo dall’autorità giudiziaria.
The so-called Isola Rizza treasure, now conserved in the Museum of Castelvecchio, it was found by chance in this locality of the Veronese plain in 1872. Some brief updates on this treasure are ...proposed on the basis of the most recent research, with the intention of highlighting some themes that may arouse further research in the future. Finally, through the analysis of two manuscripts by Luigi Bennassuti conserved in Biblioteca Civica of Verona and in Biblioteca Capitolare of Verona, compiled a short distance after that discovery, the data of which are put in relation with the cadastral data, the identification of the area of concealment and some aspects of the conditions of the finds at the time of discovery and of the social context are specified.
Since the eighteenth century, southern Italy has been the destination of European travelers who explored its foothills until they reached Sicily, documenting with drawings and diaries, places full of ...myths and legends, which still preserve the fascination of the stories of ancient writers. Painters, watercolourists and talented writers, the English brothers Edward and Robert-Henry Cheney, after spending a few years in Rome, undertake on a journey in southern Italy between 1823 and 1825, from Campania to Sicily. In this journey the Cheney also crossed Calabria – a mysterious and still wild land – from Campotenese to Reggio, representing the beautiful landscapes. The views produced by Edward, on which the essay dwells, depict the mountains of Pollino and those of Sila, the plain of Sibari, the Tyrrhenian coast of the Dei and that of Viola, changing landscapes where the architecture is flanked and blends with an unspoiled and lush nature. From the watercolours, pencil and ink drawings, made by the two brothers during the trip, it emerges clearly that it was the reality of the places visited that became the key to rediscover the naturalistic representation of the landscape.
L’articolo tratta la genesi della penalistica sociale che si afferma nell’ultimo ventennio del XIX secolo, ovvero un movimento di giuristi che mostra grande sensibilità per la dimensione sociale del ...diritto e attribuisce un ruolo decisivo ai fattori sociali nella generazione dei crimini. Una prima parte dell’articolo si concentrerà sulla definizione della penalistica sociale e sul superamento dell’etichetta socialismo giuridico; successivamente verranno considerati i diversi contributi apportati alla penalistica sociale da Pietro Ellero e da Enrico Ferri. I due autori possono essere considerati i precursori della penalistica sociale.
Este artículo presenta los principales resultados de una investigación que analiza las transformaciones de las ayudas a la navegación en Colombia entre 1876 y 1930 y sus incidencias en aspectos ...económicos, sociales y culturales del país. A partir de documentos históricos y cartográficos se abordan cuatro tópicos: la relación entre los cambios económicos del siglo XIX y las transformaciones en la navegación, el interés de los empresarios en la construcción de balizas, la influencia del Gobierno colombiano en el establecimiento de faros y boyas, y la participación de grupos de personas diversos en el mantenimiento de estas debido al deterioro causado por factores naturales. Esta investigación aporta, así, al estudio de uno de los elementos del paisaje cultural marítimo: la señalización de las costas colombianas y su uso en la navegación.
This article illustrates the outcomes of research aimed at investigating traineeship programmes established in Southern Italy before the Unification as forerunners of the professional education ...courses that would later develop across the nation. Specifically, the investigation focuses on those charitable institutions whose aim was to educate abandoned children to fit into civilised society through professional training – in line with a model of social recovery through practical education. In particular, this paper explores the connection between each manufacturing sector and its corresponding educational programme. The most relevant training programmes in Molise – supported by legislative, archival and bibliographical documentary – will be analysed through reconstruction of the political debate of the time, which revolved around establishing «protected housing» that also served as centres of industry. To this end, particular attention will be paid to Campobasso’s Orphanage and «Pious house of labour» (Casa pia di lavoro) respectively founded during the French Decade and shortly before the 1848 Revolution. The historical framework is provided by the turbulent events of that time, and we focus in particular on the interdependent relationship between political economy, school and welfare, in order to provide a comprehensive picture of the complex relationship between education, social welfare and manufacturing before Italian Unification.
This article illustrates the outcomes of research aimed at investigating traineeship programmes established in Southern Italy before the Unification as forerunners of the professional education ...courses that would later develop across the nation. Specifically, the investigation focuses on those charitable institutions whose aim was to educate abandoned children to fit into civilised society through professional training – in line with a model of social recovery through practical education. In particular, this paper explores the connection between each manufacturing sector and its corresponding educational programme. The most relevant training programmes in Molise – supported by legislative, archival and bibliographical documentary – will be analysed through reconstruction of the political debate of the time, which revolved around establishing «protected housing» that also served as centres of industry. To this end, particular attention will be paid to Campobasso’s Orphanage and «Pious house of labour» (Casa pia di lavoro) respectively founded during the French Decade and shortly before the 1848 Revolution. The historical framework is provided by the turbulent events of that time, and we focus in particular on the interdependent relationship between political economy, school and welfare, in order to provide a comprehensive picture of the complex relationship between education, social welfare and manufacturing before Italian Unification.
Il presente contributo rappresenta l’esito di una ricerca che vuole contribuire al processo di comprensione della storia e delle caratteristiche degli itinerari di addestramento ai mestieri attuati nel Meridione preunitario italiano, precursori di quelli di tipo professionale che si svilupparono in seguito nel contesto nazionale. Nello specifico, si vuole richiamare l’attenzione sulla genesi e l’evoluzione degli istituti pubblici o privati di beneficenza sorti sul modello dei reclusori-manifattura per abilitare o rieducare l’infanzia abbandonata alla società civile attraverso l’addestramento al lavoro. In particolare, si cercherà di evidenziare la connessione tra le varie tipologie di produzione distinte per genere e i corrispondenti canali di formazione e di rieducazione sociale. L’analisi degli episodi formativi più rilevanti registrati in Molise, – resa possibile grazie alla lettura di un ampio corpus documentario di tipo normativo, archivistico, bibliografico e di materiale a stampa –, sarà sviluppata attraverso la ricostruzione del dibattito politico di quegli anni intorno alla fondazione di luoghi di tutela che risultavano al contempo anche centri di produzione. In particolare, l’attenzione verterà sulle esperienze dell’Orfanotrofio e della Casa pia di lavoro sorte a Campobasso rispettivamente durante il Decennio francese e a ridosso dei Moti del 1848. Inquadrandole all’interno del contesto delle turbolente vicende del periodo, si sottolineerà puntualmente il rapporto d’interdipendenza tra la politica economica, assistenzialistica e quella scolastica, al fine di restituire una lettura quanto più esaustiva del tema che appare complesso in virtù della sua posizione equidistante tra il mondo della formazione, dell’assistenza sociale e della produzione.
This article offers an analysis of women's writing as a way to express their sense of self in the wider context of the path towards emancipation. The Ottocento has been often described as a century ...dominated by an ever-growing emphasis on women's maternal function, thus restricting them to the domestic sphere and reinforcing the centuries-old division of the public and private spheres as two domains pertaining to men and women respectively. In the nation-building effort of post-Unification Italy, however, Italian women began to carve out roles beyond the home and became more and more involved in the education of new generations of Italians; in this early phase of transition towards female emancipation, writing played a key role. Several texts dealt with the working conditions and status of women, testifying to a clear demand for inclusion. Particularly from the second half of the nineteenth century onwards, women began to express their thoughts in new ways which can be read as new forms of education into an ever-widening sense of citizenship.
The article aims to define the model of the young woman promoted by conduct literature texts in the period from Unification to after the Great War. Conduct manuals (galatei) in the post-Unification ...period, which particularly flourished in the 1860s and 1870s, included only rare and tentative hints concerning women's education; particular attention is given here to the progressive position of Costantino Rodella, the author of Marina ossia il galateo della fanciulla (1872). Towards the end of the century, some etiquette books began to support women's emancipation in a more direct manner, not only by encouraging more extensive education for women but also by touching upon professional roles for their readers. Examples of marked social changes can be found in the chapters devoted to the signorina (the unmarried woman) by authors such as Anna Vertua Gentile (Come devo comportarmi? Libro per tutti, 1897) and Jolanda (pseudonym of Maria Majocchi Plattis, author of Eva Regina. Il libro delle signore, 1909). Eva Regina is exceptional in its discussion of the issue of women's right to vote, and marks the first appearance of political feminism in this kind of conduct literature. The article concludes by suggesting that in conduct literature of the period, the questions of women's emancipation is played out on three different levels, which are also three stages in an historical sequence: education, work, and, finally, the vote.
PDF
