Leaving home to attend college is an important milestone for college students. However, the transition from home to college can be challenging, especially for students studying abroad. In this ...article, the authors explore factors that contribute to the academic, cultural, social, and psychological adjustments of international students. Adjustment issues include psychological distress such as homesick, depression, and anxiety. This article seeks to increase the reader’s understanding of some of the issues faced by international students during the process of adjusting to a new collegiate environment. More specifically, the article discusses factors that contribute to adjustment and different phases of cultural adjustment. This article may help the students, educational institutions, and policy makers to provide the resources necessary for a seamless transition for international students to overcome the issues.
A controversial and illuminating study,Gender, the State, and Social Reproductioncrosses the disciplines of politics, history, gender studies, and sociology.
This article advances the debate about costs and benefits of self-enhancement (the tendency to maintain unrealistically positive self-views) with a comprehensive meta-analytic review (299 samples, N ...= 126,916). The review considers relations between self-enhancement and personal adjustment (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, depression), and between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment (informant reports of domain-general social valuation, agency, communion). Self-enhancement was positively related to personal adjustment, and this relation was robust across sex, age, cohort, and culture. Important from a causal perspective, self-enhancement had a positive longitudinal effect on personal adjustment. The relation between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment was nuanced. Self-enhancement was positively related to domain-general social valuation at 0, but not long, acquaintance. Communal self-enhancement was positively linked to informant judgments of communion, whereas agentic self-enhancement was linked positively to agency but negatively to communion. Overall, the results suggest that self-enhancement is beneficial for personal adjustment but a mixed blessing for interpersonal adjustment.
Objective: To describe the trajectory of patient and caregiver mental health from diagnosis through the first year of treatment for pediatric cancer and assess whether rates of clinically relevant ...symptoms were elevated compared with norms. We examined mean levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in children with cancer, and depression, anxiety, and PTSS in caregivers during the first year of treatment; the proportion of patients and caregivers that scored in the clinical range at each time point; and the typical trajectory of symptoms in patients and caregivers and whether trajectories differed between individuals. Method: Families (N = 159) of children newly diagnosed with cancer (Mage = 5.6 years; range = 2-18 years) participated in a short-term prospective study. Primary caregivers provided monthly reports of their own and their children's psychological adjustment. Results: On average, children were well-adjusted. However, compared with norms, there was a higher than expected proportion of children with clinically relevant internalizing symptoms around the time of diagnosis. On average children's symptoms declined over time, though variability was observed. Caregivers were less well-adjusted on average, with a high proportion reporting clinically relevant symptoms over time for depression and anxiety. Caregiver symptoms also declined over time, though considerable variability was observed. Conclusion: Although most children remain well-adjusted during the first year of treatment, many caregivers experience clinically relevant symptoms of psychological distress. Implications for development of interventions targeting at-risk patients and caregivers are discussed. Identifying processes that predict between-family variability in trajectories of psychopathology is an important next step.
As the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is spreading worldwide in 2020, there is a growing concern about the impact of the pandemic on mental health. Multiple stressors associated with the pandemic, ...such as health-related stressors, job loss, and work-related stressors, could increase the prevalence of adjustment disorders worldwide. The present article acknowledges adjustment disorder as a highly relevant mental health outcome of the pandemic that should be addressed by mental health professionals.
O presente estudo teve o objetivo de investigar estresse e ajustamento conjugal em 19 casais comum(a) filho(a) com síndrome de Down. As crianças tinham entre quatro e dez anos, sendo 11 do ...sexomasculino e 8 do sexo feminino. Utilizou-se o Questionário de Caracterização do Sistema Familiar,Dyadic Adjustment Scale em seu formato traduzido para a língua portuguesa do Brasil (Escala deAjustamento Diádico) e o ISSL para adultos. As mães são mais acometidas pelo estresse (n=11) doque os pais (n=7). Todas as mães percebem seu relacionamento conjugal como ajustado e somentedois pais o percebem como desajustado. Não foram encontradas associações significativas entreescores da EAD, sexo e idade dos genitores; e tempo de convivência do casal. The present study aimed to investigate the stress and marital adjustment in 19 couples with a childwith Down syndrome. The children were between four and ten years, 11 males and 8 females. Weused the Family Characteristics Questionnaire, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale in its format translatedinto Portuguese of Brazil (Dyadic Adjustment Scale) and ISSL for adults. Mothers are more affectedby stress (n = 11) than fathers (n = 7). All mothers perceive their marital relationship as adjusted andonly two fathers perceive as inadequate. No significant associations were found between scores ofDAS, sex and age of the parents, and the couple's time together.
To solve the problem of manpower and time consumption caused by power flow state adjustment in a large-scale power grid, a power system operation state adjustment method considering the static ...stability constraint based on parallel deep reinforcement learning is proposed. By introducing the process of adjusting the power flow state that satisfies static stability, the Markov decision-making process of adjusting power flow is constructed. Then, based on the positioning of the adjustment target, the selection of actionable devices and the calculation of the amount of action, a power flow state adjustment strategy is developed. The adjustment process is accelerated through sensitivity, transfer ratio and load margin. Then, a parallel deep reinforcement learning model is established, and it maps actions to power flow adjustment to form a pair of generator actions and realises parallel adjustment of multi-sectional objectives. In addition, the reinforcement learning strategy and the deep learning network are improved to promote learning efficiency. Finally, the New England 39-bus standard system and actual power grid are used to verify the effectiveness of the method.
The development of children's emotion-related self-regulation appears to be related to, and likely involved in, many aspects of children's development. In this review, the distinction between ...effortful self-regulatory processes and those that are somewhat less voluntary is discussed, and literature on the former capacities is reviewed. Emotion-related self-regulation develops rapidly in the early years of life and improves more slowly into adulthood. Individual differences in children's self-regulation are fairly stable after the first year or two of life. Such individual differences are inversely related to at least some types of externalizing problems. Findings for internalizing problems are less consistent and robust, although emotion-related self-regulation appears to be inversely related to internalizing problems after the early years. Self-regulatory capacities have been related to both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. Some interventions designed to foster self-regulation and, hence, reduce maladjustment, have proved to be at least partially effective.
Abstract In recent years, helicopter maintenance technology has been developing rapidly and is transitioning from time-based periodic maintenance to condition-based maintenance. Helicopter Health and ...Usage Monitoring System (HUMS system) plays an important role in this process. The excitation forces originating from the helicopter rotor system are the primary cause of airframe vibration, and the HUMS system monitors the main rotor balance and trajectory data during each flight and provides an adjustment solution and predicts the vibration level in case of overruns. This paper summarizes the vibration measurement, cause analysis and vibration adjustment methods by studying the vibration adjustment mechanism of the S-76D helicopter rotor system, and provides solution for the same type of vibration problems of the helicopter.
Background
Adjustment disorder (AjD) is one of the most frequently used diagnoses in psychiatry but a diagnostic definition for AjD was only introduced in release of the ICD‐11. This study sought to ...develop and validate a new measure operationalizing the ICD‐11’s narrative description of AjD, and to determine the current rate of people meeting the symptoms indicative of AjD in the general population of the Republic of Ireland.
Methods
The International Adjustment Disorder Questionnaire (IADQ) was constructed to measure the core diagnostic criteria of ICD‐11 AjD: stressor exposure, preoccupations with, and failure to adapt to, the stressor, timing of symptom onset, and functional impairment. A nationally representative sample (N = 1,020) of adults from Ireland completed the IADQ.
Results
Confirmatory factor analysis supported construct validity and the reliability estimates were excellent. The IADQ correlated strongly with depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. The criteria were met by 7.0% of the sample, adjusted for other exclusionary disorders.
Discussion
The IADQ is a measure based on the ICD‐11’s description and produces reliable scores, however it should not be used for clinical assessment until validated with clinical interviews.
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