A leitura sobre a teoria dos conflitos agrários a partir da Amazônia Legal Brasileira, consiste num esforço teórico-metodológico para compreensão da natureza dos conflitos agrários à luz da luta de ...classes e das constantes disputas territoriais travadas na Amazônia e, consequentemente no Brasil. Nesse contexto, utiliza-se do arcabouço da Geografia Agrária em consonância com os dados da Comissão Pastoral da Terra para mapear parte dos conflitos e assassinatos no campo brasileiro e na Amazônia a partir de dois recortes temporais, quais sejam: 1964-1985 e 1985-2020, revelando, portanto, a continuidade da barbárie no campo amazônico, e, portanto, na sociedade brasileira.
The analysis of agrarian conflicts in the Brazilian Legal Amazon involves a theoretical and methodological endeavor to comprehend the essence of these conflicts in terms of class struggle and the ongoing territorial disputes in the Amazon region, and by extension, throughout Brazil. In this context, this paper employs the framework of Agrarian Geography in conjunction with data from the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) to map conflicts and murders in Brazilian rural areas and the Amazon during two time frames, i.e., from 1964 to 1945 and from 1985 to 2020. By doing so, this papers highlights the recurrence of barbarism in Amazon rural areas and its implication for Brazilian society.
La lectura de la teoría de los conflictos agrarios desde la Amazonia legal brasileña representa un esfuerzo teórico-metodológico para comprender la naturaleza de los conflictos agrarios a la luz de la lucha de clases y las constantes disputas territoriales que se libran en la Amazonía y, en consecuencia, en Brasil. En este contexto, el marco estructural de Geografía Agraria se utiliza en conformidad con los datos de lia Comisión Pastoral de Tierras para mapear parte de loas conflictos y asesinatos en el campo brasileño y en la Amazonía a partir de dos marcos de tiempo, entre: 1964-1985 y 1985-2020 revelando, por tanto, la continuidad de la barbarie en el campo amazónico y, por tanto, en la sociedad brasileña.
Land registers, or cadasters, contain information on land use because this is vital for land assessment and taxation. Some European countries produced land registers covering their entire territories ...as early as the nineteenth century. In the first half of the nineteenth century, the Habsburg Monarchy produced the Franciscean Cadaster, also known as the Stable Cadaster, which shows the traditional preindustrial cultural landscape and makes it possible to analyze land-use changes or the transformation of the traditional cultural landscape. This special issue is the result of collaboration between Slovenian and Czech geographers, and it features six articles covering land-use changes from the perspective of natural geography, political geography, ecosystems, farms, and metrics. The articles, which explore the processes of changes at the national and regional levels, are based on the textual part of the Franciscan Cadaster, and the local studies are based on the cartographic part of the cadaster.
This paper intends to analyze the agrarian theme in the textbook from the student perspectives, detailed in questions related and compared with the textbook adopted (Expedição Geográfica, 6th grade ...of elementary school, 2015). The methodological procedures involved the application of questionnaires to 64 students of the Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Juscelino Kubitschek in the municipality of Santa Luzia d'Oeste, in a subsequent documentary analysis of the didactic material. The theoretical lens adopted was the critical education of Paulo Freire, a conception that sustains the inseparable relations between society and school with a view to social transformations. This recognizes the importance of students apprehending the current social and environmental problems that have been impacting agrarian structures in Brazil. It is concluded that the learning perceptions of 6th grade students about agrarian issues are close to the perspectives described by the textbook, and this is correlated with the annual planning of the teacher and postulate a vision anchored in the expectations of neoliberal policies without questioning their effects in the Amazon region, demanded for a formative process of problematizing nature.
A finalidade deste trabalho consistiu em analisar a temática agrária no livro didático a partir das perspectivas estudantis detalhadas em questões relacionadas e comparadas com o livro didático adotado: Expedição Geográfica, 6º ano do ensino fundamental (2015). Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram a aplicação de questionários para 64 estudantes da Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Juscelino Kubitschek do município de Santa Luzia d’Oeste, com posterior análise documental do material didático. A lente teórica adotada foi a educação crítica (FREIRE, 1987; 2002), concepção que sustenta as relações indissociáveis entre sociedade e escola com vistas às transformações sociais. Neste sentido, reconhece a importância de os estudantes apreenderem os atuais problemas sociais e ambientais que vêm impactando as estruturas agrárias no Brasil. Conclui-se que as percepções de aprendizagem dos estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental acerca das questões agrárias se aproximam das perspectivas descritas pelo livro didático, e este, por sua vez, está correlacionado ao planejamento anual do professor, e assim, postulam uma visão ancorada nas expectativas das políticas neoliberais sem questionar os seus efeitos na região amazônica, demandas para um processo formativo de cunho problematizador.
El propósito de este trabajo fue analizar la temática agraria en el libro de texto desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes detallada en temas relacionados y comparada con el libro de texto adoptado: Expedición Geográfica, 6° año de primaria (2015). Los procedimientos metodológicos consistieron en la aplicación de cuestionarios a 64 alumnos de la Escuela Estatal de Educación Primaria y Secundaria Juscelino Kubitschek en el municipio de Santa Luzia d'Oeste, con posterior análisis documental del material didáctico. La lente teórica adoptada fue la educación crítica (FREIRE, 1987; 2002), concepto que sustenta las relaciones inseparables entre sociedad y escuela con miras a las transformaciones sociales. En este sentido, reconoce la importancia de que los estudiantes comprendan los problemas sociales y ambientales actuales que han impactado las estructuras agrarias en Brasil. Se concluye que las percepciones de los aprendizajes de los alumnos de 6o de Educación Primaria acerca de la temática agraria se acercan a las perspectivas descritas en el libro de texto, y esto, a su vez, se correlaciona con la planificación anual del docente, y así, postulan un Visión anclada en las expectativas de las políticas neoliberales sin cuestionar sus efectos en la región amazónica, exige un proceso formativo de naturaleza problematizadora.
Detailed information about land use is available from the mid-nineteenth century onward for the countries of the former Habsburg Monarchy. For Slovenia and Czechia, databases have been created that ...make it possible to analyze the period from the first half of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first century. The processes of changing land use were comparable during the period examined. Nonetheless, the cultural landscape in Czechia was significantly more transformed. Because of the nationalization of land after the Second World War and the establishment of state-owned collective farms and cooperatives, today large complexes of farmland predominate, whereas in Slovenia fragmented properties still predominate, and the cultural landscape therefore preserves many more elements from the nineteenth century.
El profesor D. José Estébanez Álvarez desarrolló a lo largo de treinta años una fructífera carrera docente e investigadora en el campo geográfico, aunque destaca su producción científica en el campo ...de la geografía urbana nunca abandonó otras ramas geográficas. Los espacios agrarios ocupan un lugar importante tanto en sus publicaciones como en sus proyectos de investigación. Su aporte fundamental al campo geográfico fue, en un momento de transición generacional y de reflexión metodológica en la Geografía española, la introducción de las nuevas corrientes geográficas que estaban acaeciendo allende nuestras fronteras, como son la Geografía de la Percepción y la Geografía Cuantitativa, temas en los que fue pionero en España. También tuvieron un gran peso los temas epistemológicos, siendo un tema recurrente a lo largo de sus trabajos. Como docente, también reflexionó sobre la docencia en Geografía, no sólo en los ámbitos universitarios, en los que la ejercía, sino también en la formación secundaria.AbstractProfessor D. José Estébanez Álvarez developed over 30 years a fruitful teaching and research career in the geographical field, although his major scientific production in the field of urban geography never left other geographical branches. Agricultural spaces occupy an important place in their publications and in their research projects. His fundamental contribution to the geographical field was, at a time of generational transition and methodological reflection in Spanish Geography, the introduction of the new geographical currents that were happening beyond our borders, such as the Geography of Perception and Quantitative Geography, issues in those who pioneered in Spain. Epistemological issues also had a great weight, being a recurring theme throughout his work. As a teacher, he also reflected on teaching in Geography, not only in university settings, where he was practicing, but also in secondary education.
Farms face spatial pressures, disagreements with the non-farming population, and accessibility restrictions especially on urban outskirts. Limitations within settlements prevent them from expanding ...farm buildings or making changes to the areas used for work on the farm. Such a situation is the result of unsuitable spatial planning of settlements, in which farmland was included within areas zoned for development. This article focuses on spatial limitations on farms in the settlement of Moste in the Municipality of Komenda. These were determined by using officially available spatial data and records and by using geographical information systems. The analysis also included applicable spatial acts by the Municipality of Komenda, on the basis of which future expansion opportunities for farms were assessed.
This paper discusses the influence of single factors of the socio-geographical structure of mountain farms in Slovenia, independent of each other, as well as in conjunction with each other upon farm ...succession statuses and decisions. The methodology is described in detail, especially the discrete choice models by which these influences were assessed. The results were linked with findings from other researchers and show that the householder’s perceptions about mountain farms, work and life on the farm, as well as tradition hold the most vital role with regard to succession on mountain farms. At the same time, in order to ensure succession and continuation of farming on the mountain farm, an appropriate economic basis must be assured.
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