In clear and concise words, this Handbook offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the European Convention and the European Court of Human Rights and its case-law. Numerous cross-references ...guide the reader through the various topics. Various summaries condense the different principles of the Court's case-law. With a Foreword by Judge Robert Spano, President of the European Court of Human Rights.
U radu se prikazuju pravni akti Ugarskog namjesničkog vijeća dok je ono djelovalo u svojstvu Zemaljske vlade te gradskih vlasti kojima se uređivalo ljekarništvo tijekom prve polovine 19. stoljeća na ...području slavonskog Provincijala. U tom dijelu Carevine, jedan od važnijih gradova bio je Slobodni i kraljevski grad Osijek, koji je to područje regulirao kroz svoja samoupravna tijela, Gradsko poglavarstvo (magistrat) i gradski fizikat. Slijedom navedenoga, u radu se prvotno navode propisi kojima je centralna državna vlast zajedno s gradskom upravom pravno regulirala osnivanje i način rada ljekarni. Opisuje se proces imenovanja i opoziva ljekarnika, a poseban je naglasak stavljen na središnji dio rada u kojem se prikazuju odluke kojima se suzbijala nezakonita prodaja lijekova, otrova i drugih medicinskih pripravaka. Naposljetku, objašnjava se regulacija cijene lijekova i ljekarničkih pristojbi.
This article presents the legal acts of the Hungarian Council, which regulated pharmacies in the territory of Slavonian County in the first half of the 19th century, when it acted as a governmental and municipal authority. One of the most important cities in this part of the empire was the Free and Royal City of Osijek, which regulated the area through its self-government bodies, the City Magistrate and the City Physician. For this reason, the paper first outlines the regulations by which the central government, together with the city administration, legally regulated the establishment and operation of pharmacies. The paper describes the procedure for appointing and dismissing pharmacists. The special focus in the central part of the paper is on the decisions to suppress the illegal sale of drugs, poisons, and other medicinal preparations. Finally, the regulation of drug prices and pharmacy fees is explained.
Cell therapy is a promising new treatment option for cancer. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential in delivering therapeutic genes in various tumour models and are now on ...the verge of being tested in the clinic. A number of therapeutic genes have been examined in this context, including the death ligand TRAIL. For cell therapy, it can be used in its natural form as a full-length and membrane-bound protein (FL-TRAIL) or as an engineered version commonly referred to as soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL). As to which is more therapeutically efficacious, contradicting results have been reported. We discovered that MSCs producing sTRAIL have significantly higher apoptosis-inducing activity than cells expressing FL-TRAIL and found that FL-TRAIL, in contrast to sTRAIL, is not secreted. We also demonstrated that TRAIL does induce the expression of pro-metastatic cytokines in prostate cancer cells, but that this effect could be overcome through combination with an AKT inhibitor. Thus, a combination consisting of small-molecule drugs specifically targeting tumour cells in combination with MSC.sTRAIL, not only provides a way of sensitising cancer cells to TRAIL, but also reduces the issue of side-effect-causing cytokine production. This therapeutic strategy therefore represents a novel targeted treatment option for advanced prostate cancer and other difficult to treat tumours.
Suosjećajno djelovanje Bojanić, Petar; Cvejić, Igor; Nikolić, Olga
Filozofska istraživanja,
01/2022, Letnik:
41, Številka:
4
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Naš je glavni cilj opisati strukturu angažiranih akata i suosjećanja i njihovu konstitutivnu povezanost da bismo objasnili ključnu ulogu angažiranih i suosjećajnih akata za konstituiranje grupe. U ...prvom dijelu teksta, formuliramo ideju-vodilju: ključ za razumijevanje suosjećanja leži u razumijevanju angažmana i obratno. Zatim, okrećemo se razmatranju problematičnoga karaktera angažiranih akata: oni, s jedne strane, ne ispunjavaju uvjete pripisivosti pluralnom subjektu, dok se, s druge strane, ne mogu objasniti bez pretpostavke pluralnoga subjekta. Da bismo to razumjeli, oslanjamo se, prije svega, na Helmovu teoriju emocija i klasične fenomenološke analize konstituiranja pluralnoga subjekta, ali i ukazujemo na njihova ograničenja. U posljednjim dvama odjeljcima ćemo, nadovezujući se na Nussbauminu teoriju suosjećanja, opisati paralelizam i konstitutivnu povezanost u strukturi suosjećanja i angažmana. Na kraju, ispitat ćemo specifičan način na koji (suosjećajni) angažirani akti »stavljaju teret« i transformiraju grupu u instituciju.
Our main goal is to describe the structure of engaged acts and compassion and their constitutive interrelation to explicate the key role of engaged and compassionate acts for group constitution. In the first part of the paper, we formulate our guiding idea: the key to understanding compassion lies in understanding engagement and vice versa. We then consider the problematic nature of engaged acts: On the one hand, they do not meet the conditions to be attributed to the plural subject; on the other hand, they cannot be understood without presupposing the plural subject. To understand this, we rely primarily on Helm’s theory of emotions and the classical phenomenological analyses of the constitution of the plural subject, but we also point out the limitations of the latter. In the last two sections, we build on Nussbaum’s theory of compassion to describe the parallelism in the structure of compassion and engagement and to show their constitutive connection. Finally, we examine the specific way in which (compassionate) engaged acts “place burden” and transform a group into an institution.
Numerous novel and effective therapeutic agents and clinical trials addressing castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were reported during the 2023 American Society of Clinical ...Oncology-Genitourinary (ASCO-GU) Cancers Symposium. Notably, radionuclide drug conjugates (RDC), specifically 177Lu/111In-J591 and 225Ac-J591, exhibited enhanced therapeutic efficacy in treating patients with CRPC. Furthermore, promising treatment approaches for CRPC included dual anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade in rare tumors (DART)-Lorigerlimab, prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy-BPX-601, and protein kinase inhibitor (AKTi)-CAPltello-280. We have summarized the latest CRPC treatment strategies presented at the 2023 ASCO-GU Cancers Symposium, along with recent advances in CRPC clinical trials.
Cilj je ovog rada istražiti način na koji se načelo zabrane diskriminacije primjenjuje u izradi općenormativnih akata. Načelo zabrane diskriminacije jedno je od glavnih elemenata vladavine prava. ...Zabrana diskriminacije propisana je Ustavom Republike Hrvatske, kao i relevantnim međunarodnim izvorima za zaštitu ljudskih prava. Svi propisi i općenormativni akti u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti usklađeni sa zahtjevima koje u sebi sadrži zabrana diskriminacije. Rad započinje upućivanjem na glavne pravne izvore zabrane diskriminacije u Republici Hrvatskoj (Ustav, Konvenciju za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda te na pravne izvore Europske unije). Navedeni pravni izvori međusobno će se usporediti i identificirat će se razlike u zaštiti koju pružaju od diskriminacije. Premda postoje i drugi značajni međunarodni ugovori koji također propisuju zabranu diskriminacije, zbog opširnosti teme oni neće biti razmatrani u ovom radu. Zbog jednakog razloga, rad se neće moći baviti svim vrstama (oblicima) diskriminacije, nego samo formalnom i materijalnom te izravnom i neizravnom diskriminacijom. Također će se pojasniti tzv. test diskriminacije kojim se ispituje postoje li moguća opravdanja različitog postupanja. U posljednjem dijelu rada analizirat će se odredbe općih akata pojedinih jedinica lokalne samouprave u kojima se na diskriminatoran način uređuje jednokratna novčana pomoć povodom rođenja djeteta. Ovo je područje odabrano imajući u vidu da se u radu pučke pravobraniteljice i specijaliziranih pravobraniteljica za ravnopravnost spolova i djecu svake godine rješavanju pritužbe roditelja koji se smatraju diskriminiranima s obzirom na pretpostavke koje jedinice lokalne samouprave propisuju za ostvarivanje tog prava.
The aim of this paper is to explore the way in which the principle of non-discrimination is
applied in the drafting of general normative acts. The principle of non-discrimination is one of the
main elements of the rule of law. The prohibition of discrimination is prescribed by the Constitution
of the Republic of Croatia, as well as relevant international sources for the protection of human
rights. All regulations and general normative acts in the Republic of Croatia must comply with
the requirements contained in the prohibition of discrimination. The paper begins with reference
to the main legal sources of prohibition of discrimination in the Republic of Croatia (Constitution,
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights in Fundamental Freedoms and legal sources of
the European Union). These legal sources will be compared to each other and differences in the
protection they provide against discrimination will be identified. Although there are other significant
international treaties that also prescribe the prohibition of discrimination, due to the complexity of
the topic they will not be discussed in this paper. For the same reason, the paper will not be able to
deal with all types (forms) of discrimination, but only formal and material, and direct and indirect
discrimination. The paper will also clarify the so-called discrimination test, which examines whether
there are possible justifications for different treatment. The last part of the paper will analyze the
provisions of general acts of individual local self-government units in which one-time financial
assistance on the occasion of the birth of a child is regulated in a discriminatory way. This area was
chosen bearing in mind that Ombudsperson and specialized Ombudspersons for Gender Equality
and Children, every year deal with the complaints of parents who are considered discriminated
against in view of the conditions prescribed by local self-government units for the exercising this
right.
While legal technology may bring efficiency and economy to business, where are the people in this process and what does it mean for their lives?Around five billion people globally are unable to ...address their everyday legal problems and do not have the security, opportunity or protection to redress their grievances and injustices. Courts and legal institutions can often be out of reach because of costs, distance or a lack of knowledge of rights and entitlements and judicial institutions may be under-funded leading to poor judicial infrastructure, inadequate staff, and limited resources to meet the needs of those who require such services.This book sets out to embed access to justice into mainstream discussions on the future of law and to explore how this can be addressed in different parts of the legal industry. It examines what changes in technology mean for the end user, whether an ordinary citizen, a client or a student. It looks at the everyday practice of law through a sector-wide analysis of law firms, universities, startups and civil society organisations. In doing so, the book provides a roadmap on how to address sector-specific access to justice questions and to draw lessons for the future. The book draws on experiences from judges, academics, practitioners, policy makers and educators and presents perspectives from both the Global South and the Global North.
U radu se istražuje način na koji bi se, sukladno presudi Suda Europske unije u predmetu C-237/07 Janecek, mogla osigurati sudska zaštita zbog propusta donošenja akcijskih planova za poboljšanje ...kvalitete zraka koji su prema svojoj pravnoj prirodi opći akti. U prvom i drugom dijelu rada prikazuju se komparativna iskustva iz prakse Suda Europske unije glede primjene članka 265. Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije kojim se propisuje tužba zbog propusta institucija Unije da djeluju, kao i sudska praksa iz Austrije, Češke i Francuske u sporovima zbog propusta donošenja planova za poboljšanje kvalitete zraka. U zadnjem dijelu rada razmatra se mogu li se i na koji način takve tužbe zbog propusta donošenja općeg akta, čija obveza donošenja proizlazi iz prava Europske unije, podnositi pred hrvatskim upravnim sudovima odnosno na koji način bi se u toj situaciji mogle primijeniti postojeće odredbe Zakona o općem upravnom postupku i Zakona o upravnim sporovima.
In this paper, the way, pursuant to judgement of the European court in the case of C-237/07 Janecek, court protection can be ensured due to omissions in passing action plans for improving the quality of air which are, according to their legal nature, general acts. The first and second parts of this paper show comparative experiences from European Court practice regarding application of article 265 of the Agreement on the functioning of the European Union which prescribes court action for institutions of the Union for failure to act as in the court practice from Austria, Czech Republic and France in disputes for failing to pass plans for improving the quality of air. In the last section whether and in what way such court action for failing to pass general acts, whose obligation is derived from European Union law, can be brought before Croatian administrative court, that is in which way in that situation the existing provisions from the General Administrative Procedure Act and Administrative Dispute Act can be applied.
Posebnost hrvatskog iskustva kohabitacije pokazuje da se sukob visokog intenziteta između predsjednika Vlade i predsjednika Republike ne vodi isključivo na političkom području, već se žele izmijeniti ...i ustavne ovlasti sudionika, ustavna “pravila ratovanja”. Trajnost Ustava i ustavne diobe ovlasti između predsjednika Republike i predsjednika Vlade i Hrvatskog sabora dobivaju manju težinu i zaštitu. Odbačen je siguran putokaz za očuvanje hrvatskog ustavnog sustava, uputa iz razdoblja prve francuske kohabitacije u Petoj Republici (1986. – 1988.): Povratak na Ustav, samo Ustav i ništa osim Ustava. Ustavni sustav je zakočen.
This open access book focuses on public actors with a role in the settlement of investment disputes. Traditional studies on actors in international investment law have tended to concentrate on ...arbitrators, claimant investors and respondent states. Yet this focus on the “principal” players in investment dispute settlement has allowed a number of other seminal actors to be neglected. This book seeks to redress this imbalance by turning the spotlight on the latter. From the investor’s home state to domestic courts, from sub-national governments to international organisations, and from political risk insurance agencies to legal defence teams in national ministries, the book critically reviews these overlooked public actors in international investment law.
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