The purpose of the study is to study the role of green financing in developing climate change supportive architectural design development to shift the modern world towards the idea of green ...architectural designs. Thus, the research estimated the nexus among green financing, green architectural development, and climate change mitigation by using the unit root analysis technique, co-integration analysis technique, bound-test estimates, auto-regressive distributive lag-error correction modeling (ARDL-ECM) technique to predict different short-run and long-run relationships, and robustness analysis technique. Following the previous study, modeling green financing index and green architectural design index are used to measure the variables. The findings of the study confirmed that green financing has significant role in supporting the climate change induction in architectural design development both in short run and long run. Moreover, green financing supports in promoting green architectural designs. By this, the viability of green financing in climate change that induces architecturally designed building is confirmed. Correspondingly, empirical results have shown that green financing contributes in climate change with 0.66, green infrastructure development with 0.72, and economic development with 0.31. While in long-run, green financing role in changing inside of climate of the architectural design is 0.74, supports in green infrastructure development with 0.67, and holds the 0.29 percent potential of contributing in economic development. These findings are robust with the 0.74 value of F-statistics, 1.89 value of t-statistics, and 110 value of Narayan standard estimate. In last, the study suggested way forward for stakeholders to promote green architectural designs to achieve SDG 8, SDG 11, and SDG 13.
Building Time Leatherbarrow, David
2020, 2020-11-26
eBook
While most books on architecture concentrate on spatial themes, this book explores architecture's temporal dimensions. Through a series of close readings of buildings, both contemporary and classic, ...it demonstrates the centrality of time in modern architecture, and shows why an understanding of time is critical to understanding good architecture.All buildings exist in time. Even if designed for permanence, they change, slowly but inevitably. They change use, they accrue history and meaning, they decay - all of these processes are inscribed in time. So too is the path traced by the sun through a building, and the movements of the human body from room to room. Time, this book argues, is the framework for our spatial experience of architecture, and a key dimension of a building's structure and significance. Building Time presents twelve close readings of buildings and artworks which explore this idea. Examining works by distinctive modern architects - from Eileen Gray to Álvaro Siza and Wang Shu - it takes the reader, in some cases literally step-by-step, through a built work, and provides insightful reflections on the importance of 'making space for time' in architectural design.This is a book for both theorists and for architectural designers. Through it, theorists will find a way to rethink the fundamental premises and aims of design work, while designers will rediscover the order and ideas that shape the world around them-its buildings, interiors, and landscapes.
This research thoroughly explored the impact of archetypes and confounding factors on a proposed holistic design optimization approach for high-rise office buildings with integrated photovoltaic (PV) ...facades. The design optimization adopts the hybrid generalized pattern search particle swarm optimization (HGPSPSO) algorithm, which is incorporated with qualitative and quantitative sensitivity analyses for factor prioritizing and fixing. Different archetypes are modelled by changing floor plan sizes and shapes, while diverse urban contexts and internal load (heat gain) levels are investigated as major confounding factors beyond designers' control. Variation of these four simulation scenarios are then used to examine the uncertainty of sensitivity indices and optimization potential for passive architectural design parameters. The window geometry, thermal and optical properties are proved to be most important to the reference PV envelope design. The building plan shape is found to have little impact on the weighting of different design parameters, while the shape coefficient (SC) is determined to be almost linearly correlated with the HVAC (heating, ventilation and air-conditioning) demand. The office design with the highest shape coefficient can therefore achieve a net energy demand reduction up to 48.77%. The floor plan size also has minor impact on the sensitivity index for each design factor, but the energy-saving potential grows with decreasing floor sizes. On the contrary, confounding factors can greatly change the sensitivity analysis (SA) result. The window U-value becomes more important with an increasing internal load level and urban context density whereas the impact of the window light-to-solar gain ratio is reduced by peripheral shading. Furthermore, varying confounding factors can even change the dimension of optimization problems based on different factor fixing results. This research can provide early-stage design guidance for energy efficient buildings with a comprehensive analysis of pragmatic building archetypes, background contexts and operation scenarios.
This article is an overview focused on functionality and usability of selected contemporary approaches for the computational floor plan generation of architectural objects. This article describes ...current solutions for generative architectural design and focuses on their usability from the point of view of architectural design practice. Recent research papers and prototypes, as well as the most important tools (selected computer-aided design and BIM software) for generative design from the architectural perspective, are described. The functionalities and level of usability of present-day software and prototypes are described. In addition, the descriptive review of the research prototypes architectural design outcomes is present. Furthermore, the survey among active architects regarding the usage of computational tools in the professional practice and possible guidelines for the development of such tools are present. This article summarises with the conclusion about the current state of generative floor plan design tools, the lack of fully functional and developed commercial tools of this type on the market and future directions for the development of generative floor plans tools.
Researchers typically use performance analysis tools to support the design decisions of PV systems on urban scales. However, performance simulation tools are mostly used for analysis only, providing ...feedback to confirm the system performance rather than influencing the system design to respond to the intended performance goals. Hence, it is essential to use simulation for synthesis and generation instead of analytical simulation in designing PV systems. Employing evolutionary algorithms (AEs) seems to be a great way to solve multi-objective optimization problems that aim to design PV systems in accordance with the electricity demand and peak times of neighborhoods. This study proposes a novel design decision-making framework to develop, evaluate, and interact with the design of the PV system at the neighborhood scale in one interface to better achieve the intended objectives. The design objectives of this study include increasing the self-consumption (SC), decreasing the payback period (PB), maintaining higher self-sufficiency (SS) of the PV system, and reducing the net load variance over the grid. The study aims to increase the correlation between the PV system's electricity production and the aggregate electricity demand of buildings in neighborhoods. This is done by optimizing the range of orientation of the PV panels and the number of panels on each orientation. The design decision-making framework is guided by multiple scenarios, and a residential neighborhood located in Los Angeles, California, is considered a case study. The results show how the PV production pattern differs when various design objectives are considered in the optimization process. In general, the optimized PV system in all tested scenarios has more PV panels in the south-west orientations as a response to the late demand and the higher electricity prices in the evening in the studied neighborhood.
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•The first systematic review of model calibration in building simulation.•Detailed meta-analysis of calibration methods, model inputs and model outputs.•Optimization and Bayesian ...calibration are the most common automated approach.•Reproducibility is a critical issue and needs to be encouraged in future research.
Building energy simulation (BES) plays a significant role in buildings with applications such as architectural design, retrofit analysis, and optimizing building operation and controls. There is a recognized need for model calibration to improve the simulations’ credibility, especially with building data becoming increasingly available and the promises that a digital twin brings. However, BES calibration remains challenging due to the lack of clear guidelines and best practices. This study aims to provide the foundation for future research through a detailed systematic review of the vital aspects of BES calibration. Specifically, we conducted a meta-analysis and categorization of the simulation inputs and outputs, data type and resolution, key calibration methods, and calibration performance evaluation. This study also identified reproducible simulations as a critical issue and proposes an incremental approach to encourage future research’s reproducibility.
As a highly interdisciplinary subject, architecture is influenced by many natural and social science subjects. Although seemingly distant from architecture, biology is currently a scientific field ...that fits into design practices that have evolved and shifted towards a new hybrid framework. Architecture is a complex negotiated cultural practice that encompasses all aesthetic, technical, economic, and political issues of social production itself. For architects, the integration of academic knowledge and design practice can be a difficult activity to define, but it can be the intellectual fuel that drives innovation and growth in architectural practice. The relationship and connection between architecture and nature have generated many questions, criticisms, and solutions. Today, a new form of design was introduced a few years ago, forcing the modern man to be inspired by decades of natural processes, but whose true potential has only recently been revealed.
In architectural education, informal interaction spaces play a significant role in experiential learning, allowing adult learners more flexibility and freedom. In India, the significance of these ...spaces has been heightened by the National Education Policy (NEP 2020) formulated by the Ministry of Human Resources, Government of India, which aligns with the activities promoted in educational institutes' informal interaction spaces. This research paper explores the role of informal interaction spaces in enhancing student-centered learning in architecture schools, presenting best practices for their design and utilization. The study employs mixed research methods, including literature review, case studies, and interviews, to gather perspectives from learners and instructors. The case study reveals a strong positive correlation between the percentage of informal interaction space and the learning outcomes of students. In addition to identifying challenges in informal interaction spaces, including interference and design issues, the literature study and respondents' views associate the cross-cultural discussions happening in these spaces with academic learning, life skill enhancement, and the development of collaboration skills, establishing their significance in facilitating effective and student-centered pedagogy. Varied preferences of respondents regarding design criteria to be adopted in designing informal interaction spaces emphasize the need for adaptable designs that cater to diverse student needs regarding placement, visual connection, and amenities. The conclusions underscore the multifaceted impact of these spaces, providing valuable insights for their refinement and contributing to ongoing discourse in architectural education.
