•ZnO/MgO Nano-composite was synthesized by Ficus hispida bark extract.•Biogenic ZnO/MgO composite exhibited elongated rods and flakes-like morphologies.•Improved biocompatibility with MCF-7 cell line ...and zebrafish model was obtained.•ZnO/MgO showed effective antibacterial activity against K. pneumonia and S. mutans.
Biogenic ZnO/MgO nanocomposite was synthesized using Ficus hispida bark extract. Diffraction patterns showed highly crystalline ZnO and MgO formation with hexagonal and cubic crystal structures. Zn-O, Zn-OH, and Mg-O vibrations authenticate the material formation with elongated rods as well as flakes-like morphologies. Optimal biocompatibility was observed from MCF-7 cell line and zebrafish model. ZnO/MgO nanocomposite showed effective anti-bactericidal activity against gram negative Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli and gram positive Staphlococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans. There are no significant reports in ZnO/MgO with the reduction of Ficus hispida and similar materials are being used as dental cement and for other applications. Hence, this biogenic ZnO/MgO nanocomposite can be a preferable material for biomedical applications.
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•High strength, biostability, high calcification resistance and recycling capabilities of PDMS-PCDL PUU.•Optimized properties based on proportion control of PCDL/PDMS segments and ...hierarchical microphase-separation.
The polymeric heart valves have attracted considerable attention for treating valvular heart diseases with favorable biocompatibility, stability and adjustable mechanical properties. However, the thrombosis, calcification, and mechanical durability in the dynamic blood environment have limited further applications. Polycarbonate (PCDL) and polysiloxane (PDMS) had high flexibility, low toxicity, excellent hydrolytic and oxidative stability and efficient biocompatibility, but PCDL was susceptible to calcification and PDMS was susceptible to protein adsorption. To solve these difficulties, PDMS and PCDL were chosen as soft segments to combine the virtues of excellent biocompatibility, hydrolytic stability, and good anti-calcification and anti-protein adsorption, and a series of PCDL-PDMS poly(urethane-urea) elastomers (PCDL-PDMS PUU) were synthesized using a two-step polymerization reaction based on the amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (H2N-PDMS-NH2), polycarbonate diol (PCDL) and isophorone diisocyanate. The thermodynamic incompatibility between PDMS and PCDL and hierarchical hydrogen bonds were used to construct microscopic micro-separation, enabling the combination of enhanced mechanical strength, toughness, tear resistance and biocompatibility. The effect of the molar ratio of PCDL and PDMS and hierarchical H-bonding interactions on the physical properties, biostability and biocompatibility of PCDL-PDMS PUU were investigated. It was found the PCDL-PDMS PUU could achieve relatively stable mechanical strength behavior, and the Young’s modulus and tear strengths increased with the increasing proportion of H2N-PDMS-NH2. Meanwhile, PCDL-PDMS PUU showed low water uptake rate lower than 2 %, very good anti-hydrolysis performance, low hemolysis rate of less than 2 % and low adhesion to platelet cells. What’s more, PCDL-PDMS PUU showed enhanced calcification resistance when compared with a commercial polyurethane, ElastollanTM 1180A. Therefore, the results demonstrated that PCDL-PDMS PUU elastomers showed great potential to be explored as heart valves material considering high biostability, superior biocompatibility and mechanical performances.
Strontium-containing ceramics enhance bone healing and graft osseointegration, but bacterial infections may impede the process, risking surgical failure. In this study, we explore the development of ...composites comprising strontium titanate (SrTiO3) and 85S (85SiO2–10CaO–5P2O5 mol%) bio-glass at varying concentrations using in-vitro tests such as simulated body fluid (SBF), MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), hemolysis, and antibacterial assays. X-ray diffractogram (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses confirm the development of the hydroxyapatite layer after immersing in SBF. Notably, 10 wt% of SrTiO3 in 85S bio-glass (STO_10) exhibits exceptional bone formation properties. Furthermore, MTT assays reveal non-cytotoxicity and high cell proliferation behaviour towards MG_63 cells even after 168 h, particularly for 25 mg/ml of high concentration, and are hemocompatible up to STO_10. Additionally, STO_10 demonstrates a 62 % reduction in the growth of E. coli and a 55 % reduction in S. aureus, highlighting its antimicrobial efficacy. These compelling in-vitro findings unveil the significant potential of STO_10 in the field of bone tissue regeneration.
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•85S nano bioactive glass and SrTiO3 composites are synthesized.•Higher bone tissue regeneration capabilities.•Higher cell proliferation rate for prolonged periods (168 h) even at high concentrations.•Antimicrobial effect against both E. Coli and S. Aureus.•Even at higher concentrations of SrTiO3, the hemolysis rate is under permissible limits.
This study aimed to investigate in vitro biologic properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with 3% PVA (MTA-3% PVA) and in vivo dental pulp responses to direct capping in comparison with ...MTA mixed with distilled water (MTA-DW). Cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in culture of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs), and pH changes were evaluated. Pulps in 24 mandibular premolars of four 9-month-old beagle dogs were mechanically exposed and direct pulp capping was performed. Histological specimens were scored according to the degree of mineralization. MTA-3% PVA showed similar cell proliferation and similar or superior osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs compared with MTA-DW. All specimens were associated with calcified bridge formation and there were no significant differences in mineralization scores between the groups (p>0.05). The results suggested that MTA-3% PVA exhibited favorable biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation in vitro compared with MTA-DW. Furthermore, both groups demonstrated similar results when used as pulp-capping agents in vivo.
This study aimed to investigate how sample orientation and texture distributions affect pure magnesium (Mg) cytocompatibility behavior and discuss the connection between metallurgical and ...microstructural factors with cytocompatibility. Three samples with varying orientations but the same grain size were used to investigate the influence of texture distribution on cell viability and adhesion. Results showed that an increase in the intensity of hexagonal closed-packed (hcp) basal planes or texture distribution with more basal planes improved cell viability and adhesion. Corrosion behavior and surface energy were identified as the link between microstructural factors and cytocompatibility properties. Different corrosion tests were performed to observe the enhancement of corrosion resistance whenever the texture distribution was dominated with basal planes. These findings suggest that the cytocompatibility of Mg alloys is fundamentally related to the orientation or texture distribution of the samples, with more hcp basal planes resulting in better cell viability and adhesion.
•Cytocompatibility of Mg alloys is closely related to the orientation or texture distribution of the samples.•Corrosion behavior and surface energy were identified as the link between microstructure and biocompatibility properties.•More hcp basal planes in Mg leads to improved cell viability and adhesion.
Coumarins are a very large family of compounds containing the unique 2H-chromen-2-one motif, as it is known according to IUPAC nomenclature. Coumarin derivatives are widely found in nature, ...especially in plants and are constituents of several essential oils. Up to now, thousands of coumarin derivatives have been isolated from nature or produced by chemists. More recently, the coumarin platform has been widely adopted in the design of small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors because of its excellent biocompatibility, strong and stable fluorescence emission, and good structural flexibility. This scaffold has found wide applications in the development of fluorescent chemosensors in the fields of molecular recognition, molecular imaging, bioorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, as well as in the biology and medical science communities. This review focuses on the important progress of coumarin-based small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors during the period of 2012–2018. This comprehensive and critical review may facilitate the development of more powerful fluorescent chemosensors for broad and exciting applications in the future.
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As bioapplications of 0D and 1D zinc oxide (ZnO) seem a recent development, they have brought many exciting proposals showing exquisite signs as sensors and assay platforms offering ...biomolecular selectivity and sensitivity for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cancer researchers are looking for diagnostic and molecular instruments to identify the cancer-causing agents and subtle molecular shifts. The inclusion of high-performance ZnO materials due to their intrinsic properties such as viability, bio-acceptability, high isoelectric point, tunable morphology, etc., is promising for targeted detection and treatment processes. More specifically, ZnO nanowires (NWs) have offered the opportunity to yield new types of approaches against targeted cancer in contrast to their 0D counterparts. The ability of ZnO NW sensors to identify the molecular features (i.e., biomarker) of cancer and their integration portability has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and patient health monitoring timely and efficiently. Despite being robust, tunable properties based on surface chemistry and eco-friendly, scalable opportunities are yet to be explored. This review considers captivating research advances to identify and understand fundamental properties and examine various biosensing approaches and nanomedicine (via performing targeted drug delivery or therapeutic) aspects utilizing them while paying attention to different size regimes of ZnO NWs. The high-performance role of 0D and 1D ZnO as biosensors, capture devices, cell imaging complexes, or treatment is addressed on the bases of the controlled functions such as enhanced adsorption, reactivity, surface chemistry, cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility in various biological systems and models. With a comparative viewpoint, 0D and 1D ZnO nanostructures are going to emerge as breakthrough candidates for diagnostics and treatment of cancer effectively and efficiently.
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