Introduction Individuals recovering from COVID-19 often experience a range of post-recovery symptoms. However, the literature on post-COVID-19 symptoms reveals conflicting results, necessitating a ...heightened focus on longitudinal studies to comprehend the trajectory of impairments over time. Our study aimed to investigate changes in long-term impairments among individuals infected with COVID-19 and explore potential predictors influencing these changes. Methods We conducted a web-survey targeting individuals that had been infected with COVID-19 at four time-points: T0 (baseline), T1 (three months), T2 (six months), and T3 (twelve months). The survey included contextual factors, factors related to body functions and structures, and post-COVID impairments. The longitudinal sample included 213 individuals (with a mean age of 48.92 years). Linear mixed models were employed to analyze changes in post-COVID impairments over time and identify impacting factors. Results Findings revealed a general decline in post-COVID impairments over time, with each symptom exhibiting a dynamic pattern of fluctuations. Factors such as initial infection severity, education level, and work status were significantly associated with the levels of impairments. Discussion The study emphasizes that post-COVID impairments are not static but exhibit variations over time. Personalized care, especially for vulnerable populations, is crucial. The results underscore the need for long-term monitoring and multidisciplinary treatment approaches. Targeted support and interventions are highlighted for individuals with severe initial infections and those in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.
Features of fat body development in the body of honey bees Kovalskyi, Yu; Zhmur, V.
Naukovij vìsnik Lʹvìvsʹkogo nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu veterinarnoï medicini ta bìotehnologìj ìmenì S.Z. Gžicʹkogo. Serìâ: Sìlʹsʹkogospodarsʹkì nauki,
02/2024, Letnik:
26, Številka:
100
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The fat body is considered an organ that contains a conglomerate of proteins and fats and acts similar to the liver of mammals. It is loose tissue that is involved in some metabolic functions. One of ...these functions is to store and release energy in response to energy needs. The article presents data on the development of trophocytes of the fat body of the honey bee and factors that affect the process of lipolysis and lipogenesis. These processes are related to the technological methods of keeping bee colonies. The purpose of the work was to study patterns and factors that affect the growth and development of the structural elements of the fat body. For this, honeycombs with sealed brood were taken from the nest for incubation. After leaving the cells, the selected bees were placed in the nest of the bee colony. Marked bees were selected every 3 days. Histological preparations of various parts of the fat body were studied up to 21 days inclusive. According to research, trophocytes differ from enocytes in their larger size. These rounded cells have a distinct membrane and granular cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, mostly oval-shaped vacuoles were found, which are filled with energetic and plastic substances, while others are empty. The age-related dynamics of the length of fat body trophocytes was studied. It was found that at the exit from the cell, they are the smallest and amount to an average of 50.12 ± 3.18 μm. With an increase in the activity of enzymes of the intestinal tract, an increase in the morphometric indicators of fat cells is observed. The maximum indicators of the length of trophocytes of the pericardial zone of the fat body were found in 15 daily bees. Measurement of the length of fat cells during this period shows that compared to diurnal bees, trophocytes are larger by 34.6 % (Р < 0.001). After 14 days, a gradual regression of the morphometric indicators of trophocytes is noted. The article analyzes the role of the fat body in the life of the honey bee.
Children with chronic conditions face participation restrictions and exclusions.
To investigate how cognitive and behavioural body-functions are associated with 1) participation patterns and 2) ...environmental factors among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The study included 83 children with ADHD. Cognitive and behavioural body-functions were assessed with Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised Long-Version. The participation patterns of children were assessed with Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY). Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between cognitive and behavioural body-functions and (1) participation patterns at home, school and community settings, and (2) environmental supports and barriers.
In home setting, inattention and ADHD index which determine ADHD children from typically developing peers, were the strongest factors, explaining 24.9 % of variance in activities that mothers wanted to change. In school setting, presence/level of oppositional behaviours had the strongest effect on environmental barriers, with variation of 29.8 %. In community setting, the strongest factor explaining environmental helpfulness was anxious/shy behaviours (16.1 %).
When seeking to improve participation of children with ADHD both the cognitive and behavioural demands of chosen activities should be modified while creating environments that supports these challenges.
•Inattention factor explained the rate of involvement in activities at home and school.•Oppositional and anxious/shy behaviours have an impact on environmental features in all three settings.•Oppositional behaviors affect school participation most, while anxious/shy behaviors affect community participation most.
Integration of cognitive, sensory, and motoric processes is essential for the production of handwriting, however, challenging for children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The objective ...of this scoping review is to identify potential underlying mechanisms of handwriting of children and youth with ASD by reviewing cognitive, sensory, and motoric body functions as predictors of their handwriting. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health - Children and Youth version was used to structure the analysis. Eleven studies (0.9%) met inclusion criteria. Results show that linguistic functions, psychomotor functions, motor control functions, and motor reflex functions predict handwriting of children and youth with ASD. This suggests these body functions are underlying mechanisms of handwriting of children and youth with ASD, encouraging future research to test these body functions as potential pathways to handwriting intervention for children and youth with ASD. Findings suggest a bottom-up approach to the development of handwriting interventions for children and youth with ASD.
Neuromuscular disorders are characterised by muscle weakness that limits upper extremity mobility, but can be alleviated with dynamic arm support devices. Current research highlights the importance ...and difficulties of evidence-based recommendations for device development. We aim to provide research recommendations primarily concerning upper extremity body functions, and secondarily activity and participation, environmental and personal factors.
Evidence was synthesised from literature, ongoing studies, and expert opinions and tabulated within a framework based on a combination of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model and contextual constructs.
Current literature mostly investigated the motor capacity of muscle function, joint mobility, and upper body functionality, and a few studies also addressed the impact on activity and participation. In addition, experts considered knowledge on device utilisation in the daily environment and characterising the beneficiaries better as important. Knowledge gaps showed that ICF model components and contextual constructs should be better integrated and more actively included in future research.
It is recommended to, first, integrate multiple ICF model components and contextual constructs within one study design. Second, include the influence of environmental and personal factors when developing and deploying a device. Third, include short-term and long-term measurements to monitor adaptations over time. Finally, include user satisfaction as guidance to evaluate the device effectiveness.
IMPLICATIONS ON REHABILITATION
Synthesized evidence will support future research and development of dynamic arm supports.
Tabulated evidence stresses the importance of integrating ICF model components and contextual constructs to fill the knowledge gaps.
Presented knowledge gaps and proposed steps guide the set up of future studies on dynamic arm supports
Purpose: Classical galactosaemia is an inborn error of galactose metabolism which may lead to impairments in body functions and accordingly, need for additional care. The primary aim of this study ...was to establish the type and intensity of this additional care.
Materials and methods: Patients with classical galactosaemia aged ≥2 years were evaluated with the Capacity Profile, a standardised method to classify additional care needs according to type and intensity. Based on a semi-structured interview, current impairments in five domains of body functions were determined. The intensity of additional care was assessed (from 0, usual care, to 5, total dependence).
Results: Forty-four patients with classical galactosaemia, 18 males and 26 females (median age 15 years, range 2-49 years), were included. There was a wide spectrum of impairments in mental functions. Motor function impairments were present in four patients, and mild speech impairments in eight patients. Additional care for sensory functions was uncommon. All patients needed a diet, which care is scored in the physical health domain.
Conclusions: Apart from the diet all patients need, classical galactosaemia leads to the need for additional care mainly in the domains of mental functions and speech and voice functions.
Implications for rehabilitation
The Capacity Profile is a useful tool to demonstrate additional care needs in classical galactosaemia.
In classical galactosaemia additional care is mostly indicated by mental impairments and speech and voice functions.
One-fifth of patients have impairment of speech and voice functions at time of the study, and half of all patients had received speech therapy in childhood.
Over 70% of patients need additional care/help due to impairment of mental functions, ranging from coaching due to social vulnerability to full day care.
This study evaluated the validity and test-retest reliability of a resistance training device Jueying (Beijing, China) for Smith machine back squat exercise. Twelve male participants completed two ...test sessions with an interval of one week. In each test session, participants completed 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75% of 1RM back squats on a Smith machine equipped with Jueying and a linear position transducer GymAware (Canberra, Australia), which measured the velocity and power during the movement simultaneously. Results showed that Jueying was both valid (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.896–0.999, effect size ES = 0.004–0.192) when compared with GymAware and consistent between two tests in terms of reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient ICC = 0.79–0.95) to assess speed and power within all exercises. The device could be applied to provide athletes and coaches with effective and reliable data in actual application.
Display omitted
•Evaluate validity and reliability of an intelligent training device named Jueying•Jueying is valid when compared with GymAware and reliable in measuring speed and power•Jueying can provide athletes with valid and reliable data during squats
Sports medicine; Rehabilitation physics; Physics of human body functions
This article presents the authors’ approaches to understanding the concept of corporeality in its normative dimension. The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the images of human corporeality ...that exist in the system of legal regulation. Based on the idea that the research category is a representation of certain characteristics of the human body, the authors substantiate the possibility of using institutional and functional-activity approaches to analyzing human corporeality. Both of these approaches are based on distinct foundations, which include social institutions, fields of activity and functional purposes of the human body. The common basis for the two approaches lies in the biosocial component, which is considered one of the defining characteristics of an image of corporeality. Depending on the approach used, the authors propose three classifications of images of corporeality: private and public, collective and individual and normal and abnormal. Regulatory practices that are aimed at consolidating these images of corporeality are analyzed within the framework of the current legal regulations in the BRICS countries. The authors conclude by noting that corporeality is a biosocial category that serves as the basis for legal subjectivity, while gaps in existing images of corporeality are the basis for its normalization.
PDF
