Sarah Easterby-Smith rewrites the histories of botany and horticulture from the perspectives of plant merchants who sold botanical specimens in the decades around 1800. These merchants were not ...professional botanists, nor were they the social equals of refined amateurs of botany. Nevertheless, they participated in Enlightenment scholarly networks, acting as intermediaries who communicated information and specimens. Thanks to their practical expertise, they also became sources of new knowledge in their own right. Cultivating Commerce argues that these merchants made essential contributions to botanical history, although their relatively humble status means that their contributions have received little sustained attention to date. Exploring how the expert nurseryman emerged as a new social figure in Britain and France, and examining what happened to the elitist, masculine culture of amateur botany when confronted by expanding public participation, Easterby-Smith sheds fresh light on the evolution of transnational Enlightenment networks during the Age of Revolutions.
The paper road Mueggler, Erik
2011., 20111003, 2011, 2011-11-02
eBook
This exhilarating book interweaves the stories of two early twentieth-century botanists to explore the collaborative relationships each formed with Yunnan villagers in gathering botanical specimens ...from the borderlands between China, Tibet, and Burma. Erik Mueggler introduces Scottish botanist George Forrest, who employed Naxi adventurers in his fieldwork from 1906 until his death in 1932. We also meet American Joseph Francis Charles Rock, who, in 1924, undertook a dangerous expedition to Gansu and Tibet with the sons and nephews of Forrest's workers. Mueggler describes how the Naxi workers and their Western employers rendered the earth into specimens, notes, maps, diaries, letters, books, photographs, and ritual manuscripts. Drawing on an ancient metaphor of the earth as a book, Mueggler provides a sustained meditation on what can be copied, translated, and revised and what can be folded back into the earth.
Orchidaceae is the most diverse botanical family in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with 79 genera and 250 species. Vegetation in Rio de Janeiro is mostly restricted to small fragments of ...Atlantic Forest, many of which are located within conservation units and act as refuges for flora. Some of the best-known postcards of the city, such as Corcovado and Sugar Loaf mountains, and the Christ the Redeemer statue, are located within urban conservation units. This work presents the results of a floristic-taxonomic study of Orchidaceae in the Parque Estadual da Chacrinha (PE Chacrinha), a state park located extremely near the famous Copacabana beach in the heart of Rio de Janeiro. Brief morphological descriptions of the species are provided and an identification key for the orchids of PE Chacrinha is presented, based mainly on vegetative morphological characters. Orchidaceae of PE Chacrinha is represented by thirteen genera and 16 species, most of which restricted to Brazil, seven of them are also endemic to the Atlantic Forest, or South America and occur as terricolous or rupicolous. We highlighted the occurrences of Acianthera limae, Epidendrum ammophilum and Prescottia spiranthophylla, species that grow exclusively or predominantly on rocky outcrops. With these findings, our goal is to raise awareness among the local population about the importance of conserving the regional flora; stimulate visits to PE Chacrinha and promote the inclusion of this conservation unit in the tourist itinerary of the city of Rio de Janeiro.
Orchidaceae es la familia botánica más diversa en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, con 79 géneros y 250 especies. La vegetación en Río de Janeiro se limita principalmente a pequeños fragmentos de Mata Atlántica, muchos de los cuales se localizan dentro de unidades de conservación y actúan como refugios para la flora. Algunas de las postales más conocidas de la ciudad, como las montañas Corcovado y Pan de Azúcar, y la estatua del Cristo Redentor, se encuentran dentro de unidades de conservación urbanas. Este trabajo presenta los resultados del estudio florístico-taxonómico de Orchidaceae en el Parque Estadual da Chacrinha (PE Chacrinha), un parque estatal ubicado muy cerca de la famosa playa de Copacabana en el corazón de Río de Janeiro. Se proporcionan breves descripciones morfológicas de las especies y una clave de identificación para las Orchidaceae del PE Chacrinha, basadas principalmente en caracteres morfológicos vegetativos. La familia Orchidaceae del PE Chacrinha está representada por trece géneros y 16 especies, la mayoría de las cuales están restringidas a Brasil, siete de ellas son también endémicas de la Mata Atlántica, o Sudamérica y crecen como terrestres o rupícolas. Destacamos la presencia de Acianthera limae, Epidendrum ammophilum y Prescottia spiranthophylla, especies que habitan exclusiva o predominantemente en afloramientos rocosos. Con estos hallazgos, nuestro objetivo es crear conciencia entre la población local sobre la importancia de conservar la flora regional; estimular visitas al PE Chacrinha; y promover la inclusión de esta unidad de conservación en el itinerario turístico de Río de Janeiro.
A key is presented to seven genera and fifteen species of hornworts recorded from Colombia. Three species found in Ecuador but not yet in Colombia (Dendroceros crispatus, Phaeomegaceros ...squamuligerus, and Phaeoceros tenuis) are also included in the key.
Se presenta una clave taxonómica para los siete géneros y quince especies de antocerotes registrados en Colombia. Tres especies registradas en Ecuador, pero aún no en Colombia (Dendroceros crispatus, Phaeomegaceros squamuligerus y Phaeoceros tenuis), también son incluidas.
Burmeistera fistulosa and B. reclinata, both from the department of Antioquia (Colombia), are here described and illustrated. The first species is similar to B. tomentosula, from which it differs by ...the glabrous surfaces, the petiole 1.4–2 cm long, the lamina elliptic to ovate, the reduced subtending leaves, the calyx lobes 2.5–3.5 x 0.8–1.2 mm, the ventral anthers barbate, and the white, obconic to ellipsoids berries. The second species is similar to B. diazii, from which it differs by the narrowly ovate leaves with 5–6 pairs of secondary veins and higher order veins inconspicuous beneath, the glabrous flowers with calyx lobes 5–9 x 0.6–1 mm, half of the corolla length or less, the barbate ventral anthers, and the white berries suffused with vinaceous lines.
Burmeistera fistulosa y B. reclinata, del departamento de Antioquia (Colombia), son descritas e ilustradas como especies nuevas. La primera de estas especies es similar a B. tomentosula, de la cual difiere por sus superficies glabras, el peciolo 1,4–2 cm largo, la lámina elíptica a ovada, las hojas tectrices reducidas, los lóbulos del cáliz 2,5–3,5 x 0,8–1,2 mm, las anteras ventrales barbadas, y las bayas blancas, obcónicas a elipsoides. Por su parte, B. reclinata es similar a B. diazii, de la cual difiere por las hojas angosto-ovadas con 5–6 pares de venas secundarias y venas de orden mayor inconspicuas por el envés, las flores glabras con lóbulos del cáliz 5–9 x 0,6–1 mm, la mitad del largo de la corola o menos, las anteras ventrales barbadas y las bayas blancas con vetas vináceas.
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