This study analyzes the effects of anthropometric and motor characteristics on the swimming performance of male swimmers aged 12-15 years. The aim of the study was to measure participants’ shoulder ...width, grip strength, flexibility and aerobic endurance and to investigate the correlation of these data with swimming times over 400 meters freestyle. The study focuses on two age groups (12-13 and 14-15) and identifies the factors that influence performance in the different age groups. The anthropometric and motor characteristics of the participants were measured using a Tanita BC 418 bioelectrical impedance device and the data obtained were analyzed by a simple linear regression analysis. The results showed that shoulder width, hand grip strength, flexibility and aerobic endurance significantly affected performance in the 12-13 age group (p<0.05), while body weight, upper body length, muscle strength, flexibility and aerobic endurance more significantly affected performance in the 14-15 age group (p<0.05). The results of the study highlight that the characteristics that influence young swimmers’ performance differ between age groups and therefore require group-specific and personalized training programs. These results provide important information for coaches and sports scientists to improve swimming performance.
Adolescent girls and young women’s exceptionalism with HIV interventions has left adolescent boys and young men (ABYM) trailing behind, thus becoming a marginalized and underserved population. The ...scoping review aimed to provide an overview of interventions that have targeted sexual risk behaviors in ABYM in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the previous 21 years with critical insights on ‘what works’ in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV. A scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s (in Int J Soc Res Methodol 8(1):19–32,
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) framework and the 2015 Johanna Briggs Institute’s guidelines was conducted. A search of literature published between 2000 and 2020 was reviewed and twenty nine interventions from nine Sub Saharan African countries that met the eligibility criteria were reviewed. The review provides evidence on the successes and the limitations of sexual risk behavior interventions for ABYM in SSA. There is clear and consistent evidence that interventions reduce sexual risk behaviors in adolescent boys and young men. Their efficiency seems to grow with the length and intensity of the intervention. Positive effects were generally observed in condom use and on measures of HIV knowledge, attitudes and sexual behaviors as well as uptake of HIV tests and voluntary male circumcision. This review shows that sexual-risk interventions engaging men and boys in SSA are promising and warrant further rigorous development in terms of conceptualization, design and evaluation.
Sex, thugs and rock 'n' roll Fenemore, Mark
2007, 2007., 20071215, 2009., 2007-12-15, 20070101, Letnik:
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eBook, Book
A fascinating and highly readable account of what it was like to be young and hip, growing up in East Germany in the 1950s and 1960s. Living on the frontline of the Cold War, young people were ...subject to a number of competing influences. For young men from the working class, in particular, a conflict developed between the culture they inherited from their parents and the new official culture taught in schools. Merging with street gangs, new youth cultures took shape, which challenged authority and provided an alternative vision of modernity. Taking their fashion cues, music and icons from the West, they rapidly came into conflict with a didactic and highly controlling party-state. Charting the clashes which occurred between teenage rebels and the authorities, the book explores what happened when gender, sexuality, Nazism, communism and rock 'n' roll collided during a period, which also saw the building of the Berlin Wall.
Disordered eating refers to unhealthy, sometimes excessive eating including so-called compensatory behaviours such as extreme dieting or voluntary vomiting. Between 24% and 30% of adolescent boys are ...suggested to engage in disordered eating, making it a significant public health issue. However, current instruments for assessing disordered eating among adolescents have been primarily developed and validated for girls and women, which may make for flawed assessment of boys. The aim of this study is to shed light on adolescent boys' perceptions of eating, weight, and food intake to better understand their perspectives in service of disordered eating research.
This exploratory study was conducted from May to November 2022 using focus groups with a total of 39 adolescent boys (aged 12-19 years) who attended 7th to 12th grade in one of four schools in Southern Sweden. In addition, participants completed a form with questions on background demographics and eating habits. The transcripts of the focus group discussions were analysed using thematic analysis.
The quantitative data showed that around one third of the adolescent boys were overweight or obese. They ate at least one meal per day with the family and ate healthy food about five days per week and unhealthy food about three. Analysis of the qualitative data yielded six themes: The intertwined relationship between food and one's health, "Don't worry, food makes you happy," "To be hungry or not. That is the question," Boys DO care about appearances, Dieting and weight gain, and Disordered eating is a tricky matter.
Adolescent boys appeared to have a good understanding of food and healthy eating. They also experienced body positivity and seemed to have only minor issues regarding their weight. The primarily pathological perspective used to measure disordered eating among girls seems in need of revision to adhere to boys' thoughts and ideas regarding eating and weight.
Through text analysis of the user-generated content in the Douban community, a popular online platform in China, this paper intends to analyze the ways Chinese women watch and interpret a Western ..."boys' love" movie "Call Me by Your Name." The findings indicate that women engage in active spectatorship, including the gaze of body, the viewing of plot and the perception of emotion based on the female identity. Women's gaze at male image favors the romantic temperament and transforms it into heterosexual fantasy by substituting the male character. At the same time, the female audience can understand and accept homosexuality while retaining their own heterosexual identity. Finally, they praise and adore the romantic love story in the movie.
Boys Love merupakan salah satu genre yang tengah disukai oleh beberapa masyarakat di Indonesia. Individu yang menyukai Boys Love disebut sebagai penggemar Boys Love. Kehadiran Boys Love yang ...berhubungan dengan Homoseksual menjadi suatu problema yang menimbulkan pro kontra. Tetapi ternyata Boys Love berpengaruh pada perubahan persespsi dan toleransi individu terhadap Homoseksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali proses terbentuknya persepsi pada penggemar Boys Love dalam memaknai dan toleransinya terhadap Homoseksualitas di Indonesia. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah dua orang yang merupakan penggemar Boys Love yang pernah atau masih menjalani hubungan romantis dengan lawan jenis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain penelitian sosial konstruk dan menggunakan metode wawancara semi terstruktur. Teknik Analisis Data pada penelitian ini menggunakan Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah telah terjadi perubahan persepsi serta toleransi yang dipengaruhi oleh Boys Love. Beberapa hal yang mempengaruhi seperti agama, sosial dan budaya, norma sosial, serta lingkungan tempat individu bertumbuh. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini mampu menginterpretasikan mengenai Homoseksual sehingga terjadi pengalaman toleransi yang baik.
Few data exist on gender‐typed and gender‐segregated play in hunter‐gatherer societies, despite their unique demographic and cultural features which may influence children’s gendered play. Using ...naturalistic observations of Hadza (N = 46, 41% female) and BaYaka (N = 65, 48% female) hunter‐gatherer 3‐ to 18‐year‐olds from Tanzania and the Republic of Congo, we showed that access to playmates was negatively associated with playing in mixed‐gender groups. Young boys did not engage in more rough‐and‐tumble play than girls, but adolescent boys participated in this type of play more than adolescent girls. Children were also more likely to participate in work‐themed play which conformed to gender norms within their society. Findings are discussed within the context of gendered division of labor, child autonomy, and demography.
Sociopolitical development theory asserts that critical social analysis informs prosocial behaviors. We suggest that one aspect of Black adolescents’ critical social analysis development is an ...oppression analysis, in which Black adolescents consider (1) the importance of race to they are, (2) their personal feelings about their racial group, and (3) the experience of oppression for minority groups. The current study examined oppression analysis as a latent construct among a sample of 265 Black male adolescents in Grades 7 to 10 from three suburban districts in the Midwestern United States. Structural equation modeling revealed that received parental racial pride messages, but not school-based discrimination experiences, predicted Black male adolescents’ oppression analysis. An oppression analysis and school-based discrimination had direct effects on prosocial behaviors. Racial pride messages had an indirect effect on prosocial behaviors through oppression analysis. In addition, an oppression analysis had an indirect effect on prosocial behaviors through social-emotional skills. This research offers insight into the role of Black boys’ critical social analysis among individual and contextual factors in facilitating positive developmental outcomes.
Challenging current theories about gender and achievement, this book assesses the issues at stake and analyses the policy drives and changing perceptions of gender on which the 'gender and ...achievement' debates are based.
This new topical book guides the reader through the different theories and approaches, drawing together and reviewing work on gender and educational performance. The authors also highlight the continuing problems experienced by girls in terms of achievement and classroom interaction. The subjects covered include:
perspectives on gender and achievement
the construction of gender and achievement in education policy
evaluating boys’ underachievement
the future for boys and girls?
raising achievement: 'What works in the classroom?'
Teachers, education professionals and students engaged in teacher training will welcome the editors' objective yet critical expertise.
'This book leaves readers with the assertion that a commitment to diminishing gender differences is closely aligned to facilitating achievement for both boys and girls in schools. In this sense, it raises important questions about the processes of degendering and regendering that need to occur in order to address the limits imposed by the remasculinization of schooling that are engendered by the forces of neo-liberalism and their legitimation through educational policy.'
- Wayne Martino , Faculty of Education, The University of Western Ontario,Canada
'Francis and Skelton provide an excellent overview of the various theories and explanatory frameworks that have been mobilized for making sense of gender differences in achievement.' - Wayne Martino, Faculty of Education, The University of Western Ontario,Canada
Practices of online censorship around boys' love (danmei) in mainland China have exhibited continuous change, with varying media targets and nominal justifications. This article explores dynamic ...transformations in the strategies employed by authorities, media platforms, and danmei creators throughout different time periods. Based on the authors' archival research, the censorship of danmei can be classified into three distinct stages: the years 2004 to 2015, 2016 to 2020, and 2021 to the present. These periods are distinguished by the primary danmei media form that authorities most often target for censorship. We argue that China's digital censorship apparatus has given rise to an unrelenting and intensifying suppression of danmei content, which is further bolstered by the sustained promotion of a media discourse that fosters a culture of disdain for danmei, and hence, has limited spaces for the expansion of danmei fandom and its practitioners' creativity. Moreover, we suggest that there is a continuous and combative interplay between danmei culture and censorship, wherein creative practices become highly responsive to government regulations and vice versa.
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