Three types of composite films of CoSe2 and carbon (CoSe2/C), which have different morphologies, were obtained on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates via a simple two-step synthesis, i.e., ...first a pulse-potential electro-deposition and then an annealing process. A two-stage growth mechanism is proposed: stage 1 involves the formation of three types of CoSe2/C films consisting of nanowalls through an electro-deposition process, by using bathes with different pH values; stage 2 involves “morphological transformation” of the films in an annealing process. After the annealing, nanograin (NG)-like, nanorock (NR)-like, and nanoclimbing-wall (NCW)-like films of CoSe2/C were obtained on the FTO substrates. The film of CoSe2/C-NCW exhibits a great conductivity, a good intrinsic heterogeneous rate constant, a large effective surface area, and thereby an excellent electro-catalytic ability toward triiodide (I3−) reduction. All the annealed CoSe2/C films were used as the counter electrodes (CEs) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The DSSC with the CoSe2/C-NCW exhibits the highest solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 8.92±0.03%, which is found to be even higher than that of the cell with a platinum (Pt) CE (8.25±0.03%). The CoSe2/C-NCW was further electro-deposited onto two low-cost, highly porous, and flexible substrates, i.e., nickel foam (NF) and carbon cloth (CC). Each tiny part of the NF or the CC is observed to be covered with the CoSe2/C-NCW, as in a core shell structure, where NF or CC is the core and CoSe2/C-NCW is the shell. The DSSC with the CoSe2/C-NCW on NF exhibits a very high η of 10.46±0.23% at 1sun and an η of 7.90±0.05% at 0.2sun. The low-weight CC rendered for its DSSC a high η of 9.87±0.06% at 1sun and an η of 7.83±0.03% at 0.2sun. The low cost CoSe2/C-NCW is an attractive replacement for the expensive Pt for DSSCs, and is also suitable for outdoor, indoor, or wearable DSSCs.
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•Nanograin, nanorock and nanoclimbing-wall-like CoSe2/C films were grown onto FTO.•The amount of carbon deposited on the composite film determines its morphology.•Nanoclimbing-wall-like film shows large active surface area and catalytic ability.•DSSC with nanoclimbing-wall-like CoSe2/C CE shows a high efficiency of 8.92±0.03%.•DSSC with CoSe2/C-NCW on nickel foam exhibits a very high η of 10.46±0.23%.
La práctica de la escalada es una actividad que se va introduciendo en los centros educativos de forma paulatina. No es frecuente que colegios e institutos dispongan de la instalación necesaria para ...este tipo de actividad, pero cada vez son más los que emplazan rocódromos para iniciar al alumnado en esta atractiva modalidad deportiva. El diseño de una progresión didáctica bien planificada nos facilitará aprovechar las enormes posibilidades pedagógicas de la escalada. Igualmente una adecuada progresión de trabajo en el rocódromo nos dará la oportunidad de salir del centro educativo para practicar la escalada, con nuestro alumnado, en plena la naturaleza. En ella la actividad se muestra de forma real, donde la facilidad de agarre de las presas del rocódromo queda sustituida por la áspera y difícil roca. No debemos olvidar que el objetivo final, que da sentido a todo nuestro trabajo, debe ser el de salir con nuestro alumnado a practicar Actividad física en el Medio Natural, en este caso escalada.
Because of their advantages over natural rock climbing, artificial climbing walls are contributing to the growing number of climbers nationwide. The artificial walls are safer, are portable, can be ...built anywhere, and allow the creation of routes of the desired difficulty. (SV)
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- King George V attending a sports day organised for Australian troops. He is standing at the far right of the photograph. A crowd ...consisting of soldiers, with a few women and children, watch as one of the events takes place. Soldiers were encouraged to take part in recreational activities. Sports days were considered good for morale and an opportunity for the men to relax and momentarily forget the war. Original reads: 'OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN ON THE BRITISH WESTERN FRONT. H.M. watching full packed infantrymen going over a wall at the sports held by the Australians.'.- Electronic reproduction of:; H.M. watching full packed infantrymen going over a wall at the sports held by the Australians.; 1 photograph : black and white ; 16.90 x 21.70 cm.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- ES El presente trabajo expone la creación de una Aplicación Móvil dirigida a un público deportista, concretamente a los deportistas ...que se dedican profesional o aficionada al deporte de escalado en montaña o rocódromo. El objetivo de la aplicación es hacer un seguimiento de entrenamiento y poder crear un plan de entrenamiento adaptado a cada deportista. Para garantizar la precisión de los diagnósticos de los entrenamientos, se ha basado en un protocolo de pruebas físicas basadas en validaciones científicas por Pedro Bergua (Doctor en Ciencias del Deporte y entrenador profesional). Se analizará el estado físico del deportista mediante pruebas “Autotest” creadas por el Dr. Pedro Bergua. Dicha APP interactua con una tabla fabricada por la empresa “Eurohold Climbing”.- EN This project exposes the development of a Mobile Application for people who are dedicated professional or amateur to the sport of climbing in a mountain or in climbing walls. The aim of the Application is to track the training and to create a training plan adapted to each athlete. To ensure the accuracy, the diagnosis of training has been based on a protocol of physical tests based on scientific validation by Pedro Bergua (Doctor of Sport Science and professional coach). The physical state of the athlete will be analyzed through ¿Autotest¿ created by Dr. Pedro Bergua. This App interacts with a board manufactured by the Company ¿Eurohold Climbing¿.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Safety at the Summit Huddleston, Elizabeth
Athletic business,
2001, Letnik:
25, Številka:
3
Magazine Article
Explores how risk-management strategies can make the difference in climbing wall safety. Wall design, adhering to wall construction standards, limiting wall access, and climber evaluation are ...discussed. (GR)
This Way Up Horne, Thomas F; Crossley, Ned
Athletic business,
09/1999, Letnik:
23, Številka:
9
Magazine Article
Examines ways of developing successful climbing programs in athletic facilities through a sound business plan augmented by climbing challenges that keep climbers interested. Ideas for attracting new ...climbers and retaining climber interest are highlighted. (GR)
Climbing walls can be designed to satisfy the needs of both untrained and experienced climbers offering these people a place to learn their craft as well as a place for them to keep their skills ...honed during off seasons. Users of the artificial wall can be classified into special groups, such as "Youth at Risk," who are engaged in challenge/growth programs; recreational climbers who wish to gain or sharpen their skills; and instructors-in-training whose goal is to work with the previously mentioned groups. When designing a climbing wall two goals should be considered: the wall should allow most average balance climbers to reach the top and provide realistic climbing problems like those of real rock cliffs. Based on these two goals, the Unity College in Maine designed and built such a wall with $1,000 and volunteered labor. The wall is three dimensional with sloping overhangs, corners and many color-coded mounted handholds. To minimize space, the wall folds up and is protected by closing safety doors. Handhold locations duplicate real situations encountered in the field. Thus, novice climbers use a specific color set of handholds that satisfy their needs and later progress to other color-codes requiring greater skill. (PM)
Great Walls Blackburn, Steve; Moore, Tim
Athletic business,
1996, Letnik:
20, Številka:
1
Magazine Article
Explains why installing a well-designed indoor climbing wall can draw new users to an athletic facility. Climbing-wall design elements and gear are discussed and a checklist for working with ...contractors is provided.(GR)
A camp that is establishing a challenge course or climbing wall must ensure program safety. Discusses financial planning, selecting a contractor, adhering to standards for construction, inspections, ...staff training, screening of participants, and the administrative challenge of implementing and documenting proper actions. Sidebar discusses a study on the effects of modeling in adventure education. (TD)
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