Immaterial compensation is compensation that cannot be calculated with money, such as pain, loss, and psychic, but the compensation can be replaced with some money. The existence of immaterial ...compensation aims to protect victims of loss of life from other people such as children and wives, families, and parents. Based on the Criminal Code, hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Code, the regulation of the crime of taking life is regulated in Articles 338 to 340. The most severe threat of punishment is contained in Article 340 of the Criminal Code, namely the death penalty, or can be said to be life imprisonment, or for a while. certain period, with a maximum period of 20 (twenty) years. Therefore, the existence of liability for compensation from the defendant to the victim can reduce the defendant's sentence or can replace the main sentence of the defendant.T he research method uses a type of qualitative research sourced from the various scientific literature.
Criminally relevant conduct often falls under several criminal precepts, regulating as many criminal notions as possible, and it is necessary to decide whether all, some or only one of them could be ...applicable. This phenomenon, termed ‘conflict’, occurs when a subject’s actions with criminal relevance are, wholly or partially, subsumed under different criminal precepts. To definitively classify the punishable act, it is then necessary to take a further step, which can be considered conclusive, and determine the precept or precepts applicable to the act. Hence, this paper analyses the meaning, content, and application of the conflict of laws and conflict of rules.
The phenomenon of domestic violence is as old as humanity itself, but legal protection against violence both internationally and nationally begins to be provided very late. In the Republic of North ...Macedonia, until 2004, there was no legal protection of victims of domestic violence, nor was adequate sanctioning of perpetrators. Only since 2004, with the amendments and additions to the Criminal Code in the criminal sphere, and the Law on the Family in the civil sphere, the phenomenon of domestic violence began to receive due legal attention, with the application of provisions for the sanctioning of perpetrators and temporary measures protection for victims.
The adoption of the Istanbul Convention (The Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence) and its ratification in 2018 undoubtedly contributed to the Republic of North Macedonia undertaking a series of reforms in the field of domestic violence. So initially, in 2021, the new Law on domestic violence was adopted in harmony with the principles of the Istanbul Convention, whereas in 2023 the Law on the amendment of the Criminal Code was adopted. This law focused on changes in criminal offenses related to domestic violence and gender-based violation, as well as the incorporation of new criminal offenses in this regard.
These legislative reforms, especially the amendments approved in February 2023 which are of particular importance in the prevention and fight against domestic violence and violence against women in the Republic of North Macedonia are the focus of this research. Here we have analyzed and commented the approved changes to the Criminal Code of RNM.
This study aims to analyze and clarify the application of criminal law principles in cases of euthanasia. The concept of euthanasia is a new thought in criminal law that arises because of humans' ...desire to determine life's direction. The realization of life's ownership of oneself gives birth to the thought that one can hasten one's death. The conception of self-determination in euthanasia is by realizing the right to autonomy, which is an essential principle in medical law. However, the manifestation of euthanasia as the fulfillment of autonomy has a conflict with criminal law, especially in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the conflict of norms on euthanasia and the provisions of criminal law can be seen in the legislative product, namely the Criminal Code (KUHP), which clearly reflects euthanasia prohibition. A study of euthanasia in criminal law principles shows that health regulation, especially regarding euthanasia, needs to pay attention to the right to patient autonomy as its main principle. The conflict over the right to autonomy and Indonesian criminal law creates a conflict of norms that further tests euthanasia's legality in Indonesia.
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