A method of supporting of urgent anti-crisis solution in managing of complex organizational and technical systems of responsible purpose, for example, in managing of projects / programs / portfolios, ...is proposed. Since anti-crisis decisions have to be made in the shortest possible time, and the parameters of both managed processes and the crises that they encounter differ in marginal multifactoriality and stochasticity until complete uncertainty, it is proposed to use approaches based on organizationalorganizational-based optimization. However, when making anti-crisis decisions, sometimes you have to neglect the accuracy and adequacy of the models used to identify the direction and parameters of actions that can save the process as a whole. The method is to temporarily replace organizational models that are inaccessible to the person involved in anti-crisis planning (by presence, time complexity, inaccuracy, stochasticity, etc.) with virtual physical (eg thermophysical) solutions to the problem of optimization of anti-crisis actions at this level and return to organizational models. Examples of organizational -hydraulic, organizational-electrical, and organizational-mechanical analogies are discussed, as well as the use of such analogies in process optimization and model simplification. For organizational-thermophysical analogy, experimental confirmation of the hypothesis and the proposed model was performed. A positive example of the use of the proposed method in the practice of project management is given. An approach to the designation of the relevant variables is proposed, which allows to distinguish them from the conventional notation of physical quantities. Keywords: anti-crisis management, physical analogy, virtual models, experimental validation, practical implementation
This article reviews 142 papers published between 1960 and 2018 on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management. The article (1) takes a thematic approach to synthesise past research focus and ...identifies gaps, (2) examines research methodologies employed, and (3) suggests future research and methodological approaches to help progress the field. The article also launches the Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management, which contains past and hot off the press work on the topic and will continue to grow as new articles on the topic appear in Annals.
•Synthesises 142 journal papers on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management•Identifies research focus and methodologies employed•Identifies research gaps and suggests future research topics and methodological approaches•Launches the Annals Virtual Special Issue on Tourism Risk, Crisis and Disaster Management
The COVID-19 pandemic substantially influenced the world economy, affecting entrepreneurs and SMEs alike. This paper critically examines the relationship between entrepreneurship and COVID-19 through ...an integrative review analyzing 79 existing studies on the topic. We posit a novel framework for postcrisis recovery, identifying three phases of activity: business resumption (the decision to restart operations following a crisis), crisis impact analysis (understanding how the firm has changed as a result of the crisis), and future review and modification (examining how businesses need to move forward in the latter days following a crisis). Further, we call for additional entrepreneurship research embedded in a crisis environment, with the hope that new scholarship in this regard will provide a chance to increase awareness of the critical role of entrepreneurial management in society.
Most organizations faced with a crisis will rely on the leader in place at that time to lead them out of the crisis, often with disastrous results. When the crisis gets out of hand, these ...organizations realize belatedly that the current leader does not necessarily possess the leadership style required to manage the crisis effectively. We present three crisis response leadership principles (CRLP) to help organizations successfully prepare for and manage a crisis. To accompany the CRLP, we provide the crisis response leadership matrix (CRLM), a prescriptive guide to help an organization improve its initial response and enhance the effectiveness of its crisis management efforts. Combining the element of organizational culture with individual leadership styles, the CRLM offers a standard methodology that allows organizations to match a given crisis with the best possible crisis response leader. We present a real-world case study that describes a successful implementation of the approach: the U.S. Air Force Taiwan-4 crisis. Organizations adopting this methodology can confidently choose the right person to lead a swift, effective response to a crisis.
In addressing humanitarian crises, the international community has long understood the need to extend beyond providing immediate relief, and to engage with long-term recovery activities and the ...prevention of similar crises in the future. However, this continuum from short-term relief to rehabilitation and development has often proved difficult to achieve. This book aims to shed light on the continuum of humanitarian crisis management, particularly from the viewpoint of major bilateral donors and agencies. Focusing on cases of armed conflicts and disasters, the authors describe the evolution of approaches and lessons learnt in practice when moving from emergency relief to recovery and prevention of future crises. Drawing on an extensive research project conducted by the Japan International Cooperation Agency Research Institute, this book compares how a range of international organizations, bilateral cooperation agencies, NGOs, and research institutes have approached the continuum in international humanitarian crisis management. The book draws on six humanitarian crises case studies, each resulting from armed conflict or natural disasters: Timor-Leste, South Sudan, the Syrian crisis, Hurricane Mitch in Honduras, the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia, and Typhoon Yolanda. The book concludes by proposing a common conceptual framework designed to appeal to different stakeholders involved in crisis management. Following on from the World Humanitarian Summit, where a new way of working on the humanitarian-development nexus was highlighted as one of five major priority trends, this book is a timely contribution to the debate which should interest researchers of humanitarian studies, conflict and peace studies, and disaster risk-management.
Public student funding can be designed either according to the welfare principle or the provision principle. An empirical comparison contracts two groups of European countries, each following one of ...these principles. it appears that countries applying the provision principle provide, on average, considerably larger parts of their student populations with public support and public support accounts for a larger share of the recipients' total income. Students in these countries report (very) serious financial difficulties less often. However, with respect to participative equity, countries using the provision principle perform marginally worse than the countries in their peer group. Offentliche Studienfinanzierung kann entweder nach dem Fursorge- oder dem Versorgungsprinzip gestaltet werden. In einem empirischen Vergleich werden zwei Gruppen von europaischen Landern gegenubergestellt, die jeweils einem dieser Prinzipien folgen. Es zeigt sich, dass Lander, die das Versorgungsprinzip anwenden, im Durchschnitt einen deutlich grosseren Teil ihrer Studierenden mit offentlicher Unterstutzung versorgen und die offentliche Unterstutzung einen grosseren Anteil an den Gesamteinnahmen der Empfanger:innen ausmacht. Die Studierenden in diesen Landern berichten seltener uber (sehr) grosse finanzielle Schwierigkeiten. In Bezug auf die Teilhabegerechtigkeit schneiden die Lander, die das Versorgungsprinzip anwenden, jedoch geringfugig schlechter ab als die Lander der Vergleichsgruppe.
Crises and disasters pose significant obstacles to the socio-economic progress of any destination, especially in the tourism sector. Although travel and tourism are among the world’s most prominent ...economic sectors, they are susceptible to various hindrances, such as natural disasters, political instability and unpredictable terrorist attacks, which can harm the destination’s reputation and decrease tourist arrivals. While humans cannot control these incidents, they can implement measures, strategies and activities to mitigate their impact. This research aims to create and validate a scale for crisis management strategies in tourism using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A 58-item questionnaire was developed based on literature reviews and interviews with destination marketing organizations (DMO’s), which was then reduced to 47 items after content validation by experts and the target population. EFA was conducted on data from 346 tourism stakeholders, resulting in six discrete factors: media, promotional measures, partnering, security and awareness, innovative marketing, and finance. Finally, AMOS 21 was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis, and the crisis management strategies scale developed retained 38 items.
•Refining a pandemic crisis management framework in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.•Identifying strategic responses of the hotel sector based on global news media.•Analyzing appropriate ...strategies for hotels in each crisis phase.•Showing the influences of contextual factors (e.g., government, hotel resources)•Technological advancement and business innovation can support hotel resilience.
The Covid-19 pandemic has long-lasting impacts that require the hotel sector to revise, innovate and transform their businesses. However, the literature related to this area remains vastly under-developed. Based on 219 articles collected from global news media and an integrated crisis management framework, this research note map out "strategic responses" from the hotel sector and suggest implications for hotels to address the evolving pandemic situation. Three modifications were proposed to refine and further develop a pandemic crisis management framework.
Poland's accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the European Union (EU) influenced the shape of the crisis management system in Poland. In view of the numerous problems ...highlighted during dangerous events, several initiatives were taken to build a modern crisis management system. The draft law developed by Józef Płoskonka and Professor Mirosław Stec at the Institute of Public Affairs (ISP) provided the foundation for the current solutions. The Crisis Management Act, which was finally adopted in 2007, draws heavily on the principles found in the draft created at the ISP.
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