This study examines the effects of crisis-related factors on the returns of KOSPI200 index options using a factor model, which was introduced by Constantinides, Jackwerth and Savov (2013). Three ...factors incorporating price jumps, changes in volatility, and volatility jumps are considered as the crisis-related factors. With the data for the period from 2004 to 2015, we find followings : First, most of the crisis-related factor premia are statistically significant, and their signs are consistent with those expected. Second, these crisis-related factors contribute to improve the understanding of the cross-sectional variation in KOSPI200 index option returns. Third, the crisis-related factor premia became much more significant after the global financial crisis in 2008. Finally, our empirical findings are robust to whether the long options and the in-the-money options are included in the sample or not, and to whether the factor premia are constrained to equal the corresponding premia estimated from the cross-section of equities.
This study examines the empirical performance of emission allowance option pricing models, concentrating on the EU-ETS markets. For option pricing, we use parameters estimated from option market data ...whereas few papers in the extant literature use parameters from underlying asset data. As results, it is shown that the most appropriate is the one-factor model in which the EUA logarithmic spot prices follow the mean-reverting process of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type. Also, the addition of jumps is not shown to make any significant improvement in the model performance. These results are quite striking in the sense that existing papers report the addition of jumps is necessary to improve option pricing on the EU-ETS markets. In sum, this paper is meaningful in the sense that it extends the growing empirical literature on the behavior of emission allowance spot prices
An efficient Baeyer-Villiger rearrangement of cyclobutanone derivatives was investigated. One-pot synthesis of keto-δ-lactone from the Baeyer-Villiger rearrangement products was developed. Meanwhile, ...the synthetic useful γ-lactone and butenolide derivatives could be easily prepared. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Metabolite Biomarkers of CKD Progression in Children Denburg, Michelle R; Xu, Yunwen; Abraham, Alison G ...
Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology,
08/2021, Letnik:
16, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Metabolomics facilitates the discovery of biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for CKD progression.
We evaluated an untargeted metabolomics quantification of stored plasma samples from 645 ...Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) participants. Metabolites were standardized and logarithmically transformed. Cox proportional hazards regression examined the association between 825 nondrug metabolites and progression to the composite outcome of KRT or 50% reduction of eGFR, adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, hypertension, glomerular versus nonglomerular diagnosis, proteinuria, and baseline eGFR. Stratified analyses were performed within subgroups of glomerular/nonglomerular diagnosis and baseline eGFR.
Baseline characteristics were 391 (61%) male; median age 12 years; median eGFR 54 ml/min per 1.73 m
; 448 (69%) nonglomerular diagnosis. Over a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 209 (32%) participants developed the composite outcome. Unique association signals were identified in subgroups of baseline eGFR. Among participants with baseline eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m
, two-fold higher levels of seven metabolites were significantly associated with higher hazards of KRT/halving of eGFR events: three involved in purine and pyrimidine metabolism (N6-carbamoylthreonyladenosine, hazard ratio, 16; 95% confidence interval, 4 to 60; 5,6-dihydrouridine, hazard ratio, 17; 95% confidence interval, 5 to 55; pseudouridine, hazard ratio, 39; 95% confidence interval, 8 to 200); two amino acids, C-glycosyltryptophan, hazard ratio, 24; 95% confidence interval 6 to 95 and lanthionine, hazard ratio, 3; 95% confidence interval, 2 to 5; the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate 2-methylcitrate/homocitrate, hazard ratio, 4; 95% confidence interval, 2 to 7; and gulonate, hazard ratio, 10; 95% confidence interval, 3 to 29. Among those with baseline eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m
, a higher level of tetrahydrocortisol sulfate was associated with lower risk of progression (hazard ratio, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.7 to 0.9).
Untargeted plasma metabolomic profiling facilitated discovery of novel metabolite associations with CKD progression in children that were independent of established clinical predictors and highlight the role of select biologic pathways.
Bacterial infection has always been a great threat to public health, and new antimicrobials to combat it are urgently needed. Here, a series of quaternized β‐chitin derivatives is prepared simply and ...homogeneously in an aqueous KOH/urea solution, which is a high‐efficiency, energy‐saving, and “green” route for the modification of chitin. The mild reaction conditions keep the acetamido groups of β‐chitin intact and introduce quaternary ammonium groups on the primary hydroxyl at the C‐6 position of the chitin backbone, allowing the quaternized β‐chitin derivatives (QCs) to easily form micelles. These QCs are found to exhibit excellent antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Rhizopus oryzae with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 8, 12, 60, and 40 µg mL−1, respectively. As a specific highlight, their inherent outstanding biocompatibility and significant accelerating effects on the healing of uninfected, E. coli‐infected, and S. aureus‐infected wounds imply that these novel polysaccharide‐based materials can be used as dressings for clinical skin regeneration, particularly for infected wounds.
Biocompatibility and antibacterial activities of quaternized β‐chitin derivatives are successfully designed and homogeneously synthesized in a high‐efficiency, energy‐saving, and “green” aqueous KOH/urea solution. The derivatives exhibit excellent antibacterial activities and markedly promote wound‐healing. The polysaccharide‐based materials may be used as potential dressings for clinical skin regeneration, particularly for infected wounds.
The development of trading spot and spot and derivatives where electric energy is traded still continues in Turkey. Electricity Generation Corporation, retail and corporate customer, vendors and ...investors are affected negatively while taking financial decision by ever-changing spot electric price fluctuations which are ever-changing each time period within day. Derivatives market to which electric energy is accepted as an underlying asset is the market where contracts of bargaining and selling electric energy are traded today in case of a price risk expected in the future. In this study, the working of spot and derivatives trading where electric energy is traded has been examined, and as electricity derivative contracts, forward, futures, option swaps and recognition of these trading, in compliance with TAS/TFRS, have been shown.
Display omitted
•The egg yolk-modified starch complex stabilized high internal phase emulsion (HIPE).•Electrostatic interaction dominates the formation of soluble and insoluble complexes.•High ...concentration of octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) adversely affected HIPE.•Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (HPDSP) positively stabilized HIPE.•Egg yolk-HPDSP insoluble complex showed long term stability of HIPE.
The aim of the present paper was to fabricate egg yolk-modified starch complex at neutral pH as novel emulsifiers to stabilize high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (HPDSP) were selected as representative models of surface active and non-surface active polysaccharides. Results of particle diameter, zeta-potential and turbidity indicated that egg yolk-modified starch complex could be formed via electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction. The soluble complex could be formed in egg yolk-OSA starch solutions, which was beneficial to decrease the droplet size and increase the apparent viscosity of HIPEs. However, at the high concentration of HPDSP (3–4 %), the insoluble complex could be formed in egg yolk-HPDSP solutions, which increased the viscosity of water phase and promoted the stability of oil droplets. This work provides a feasible way to successfully fabricate HIPE, which may help to expand their application in the food industry.
Using field redefinitions and Bianchi identities on the general form of the effective action for metric, B-field and dilaton, we have found that the minimum number of independent couplings at order ...α′2 is 60. We write these couplings in two different schemes in the string frame. In the first scheme, each coupling does not include terms with more than two derivatives and it does not include structures R, Rμν, ∇μHμαβ, ∇μ∇μΦ. In this scheme, 20 couplings which are the minimum number of couplings for metric and B-field, include dilaton trivially as the overall factor of e−2Φ, and all other couplings include derivatives of dilaton. In the second scheme, the dilaton appears in all 60 couplings only as the overall factor of e−2Φ. In this scheme, 20 of the couplings are the same as those in the previous scheme.
Our attempt is an axiomatic approach to find all classes of possible definitions for fractional derivatives with three axioms. In this paper, we consider a special case of linear integro-differential ...operators with power functions’ convolution kernel a(α)(t−s)b(α) of order α∈(0,1). We determine analytic functions a(α) and b(α) such that when α→0+, the corresponding operator becomes identity operator, and when α→1− the corresponding operator becomes derivative operator. Then, a sequential operator is used to extend the fractional operator to a higher order. Some properties of the sequential operator in this regard also are studied. The singularity properties, Laplace transform and inverse of the new class of fractional derivatives are investigated. Several examples are provided to confirm theoretical achievements. Finally, the solution of the relaxation equation with diverse fractional derivatives is obtained and compared.
•A class of linear fractional operators that behave like an integer order derivative is obtained.•Inverse and Laplace transforms of introduced fractional derivatives are investigated.•The relaxation equation with diverse fractional operators is solved analytically.
PDF
