Aim of study: The interceptive orthodontic treatment is defined as any treatment procedure that eliminates or reduces the severity of a developing malocclusion. Interceptive orthodontics is a good ...solution in early mixed dentition for improving malocclusion even if it does not solve it completely. Material and methods: In this paper are presented clinical cases of child patients with malocclusions treated in the early period of mixed dentition with functional aplliances and removable appliances, which determinated the stimulation of alveolar development and reduced the severity of dental crowding in the permanent dentition.Results: Through the presented cases we can advocate that the interceptive orthodontic treatment during the mixed dentition is effective and improve the occlusal relashionship which can help the normal growth of the facial skeleton.Conclusions: The interceptive orthodontics is a part of orthodontic treatment used for a recognize and eliminate potential irregularities and malpositions in development of dento-facial apparatus.
Background: to analyze the dento-alveolar effects induced by two treatment appliances (i.e., RME and Clear Aligners) in growing subjects presenting with early mixed dentition and mild maxillary ...deficiency. Methods: digital casts of 32 children treated with RME (RG: 17 subjects) or with Clear aligners (CAG: 15 subjects) were collected. Linear and angular values were measured in both groups on the upper arch for both pre- (T1) and post-treatment (T2) models. An unpaired t-test was used to test significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). Results: the comparison of T2-T1 changes for linear measurements between groups showed a greater increase in the inter-canine width (+1.5 mm ± 0.5 mm) and in the first inter-deciduous molar width (+1.4 ± 0.4 mm), also at the trans-palatal level in the CAG group. Conversely, in the posterior region of the upper arch, a greater increase in the first inter-molar distal width was found in the RG group (+1.2 ± 0.4 mm) when compared with the CAG group. A significant increase in the crown angulation in the CAG group was found for all the teeth except for the first molars. Conclusions: the rapid palatal expander widened the palate, tipping the first upper molars buccally to a greater extent, whereas the Clear aligners caused a greater increase in the canine width.
To evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on mid-facial depth in early mixed dentition and to investigate the relationship between change in mid-facial depth and maxillary sinus and ...nasal cavity.
A total of 35 patients with mixed dentition treated with a Haas expander were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent a cone-beam computed tomography scan before and after rapid maxillary expansion. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to evaluate the changes in maxillary width, facial depth, maxillary sinus, and nasal cavity volume before and after expansion. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to evaluate the correlations among them.
The hard and soft tissue facial depth in the middle third increased significantly (
< 0.001). The gain on the outer sagittal plane (1.04-1.52 mm) was slightly bigger than that on the inner sagittal plane (0.91-1.30 mm). Maxillary width and nasal cavity width increased 3.42 ± 0.93 mm (
< 0.001) and 2.25 ± 0.77 mm (
< 0.001), respectively, after treatment. A gain was also achieved in both nasal cavity volume (2,236.15 mm
,
< 0.001) and maxillary sinus volume (1,227.33 mm
,
< 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that with the increase in maxillary sinus volume, the facial depth increased as well (
= 0.455-0.683,
< 0.05). Also, statistically significant correlations were found between nasal width and nasal cavity volume (
= 0.384,
< 0.05).
The depth of the middle third face increased significantly. The facial depth increase was related to the enlargement of maxillary sinus volume, while the nasal cavity volume gain was related to the nasal width increase. This indicated that RME might enhance the fullness of the mid-face and facilitate the patency of nose breathing.
Early mixed dentition represents a critical phase since crowding conditions can occur. The interceptive resolution of dental crowding allows favorable arch and occlusal development. The aim of the ...present investigation was to evaluate dentoalveolar changes of clear aligner treatment planned to manage lower incisor crowding, loss of arch length, and midline deviation in early mixed dentition.
A total of 13 patients (7 females, 6 males, 9.4 ± 1.2 age) treated with clear aligners were selected. Arch dimensions and incisor inclinations were evaluated before (T0) and at the end of interceptive treatment (T1). A paired
-test was chosen to compare T1-T0 changes. The level of significance was set at 5%.
The greatest significant increase in mandibular width was observed at the level of the first deciduous molars (+2.44 ± 1.4 mm), followed by the second permanent molars (+2.16 ± 1.4 mm). Lower arch length and arch depth showed a statistically relevant increase (2 ± 0.6 mm and 4.5 ± 1.6 mm, respectively). The mean lower dental midline changes were statistically significant (1.42 ± 0.73 mm).
Early treatment with clear aligners, including the combination of transversal arch development, maintenance of leeway space, and guidance of eruption, represents a valid treatment strategy in early mixed dentition to manage arch crowding and occlusion development.
Epidemiological data on malocclusion among Chinese children are scant. The aim of this study was to provide detailed information on the prevalence of malocclusion in early mixed dentition children in ...Shanghai, China.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2016 to April 2017, and 2,810 children aged 7- to 9- years were selected from 10 primary schools by cluster random sampling. Several occlusal parameters, including Angle molar relationship, overjet, overbite, open bite, anterior and posterior crossbite, midline displacement, scissors bite, and teeth crowding and spacing, were clinically registered by five calibrated orthodontic dentists.
We found that 79.4% children presented one or more occlusal anomalies. Angle Class I, Class II and Class III molar relationship were recorded in 42.3%, 50.9% and 5.9% of the sample, respectively. The proportion of Class III increased from 5.0% at age 7 to 7.8% at age 9. In the sagittal plane, increased overjet >3 mm was observed in 40.8% subjects, while the prevalence of severe overjet (>8 mm), anterior edge-to-edge (zero overjet) and anterior crossbite were 5.2%, 8.1% and 10.5%, respectively. Vertically, deep overbite >2/3 overlap was found in 6.2% of the children and open bite in 4.3%. Boys exhibited a higher rate of overbite than girls. For the transversal occlusal anomalies, 36.1% of the children had a midline displacement, which was followed by posterior crossbite (2.6%) and scissors bite (1.0%). Teeth space discrepancies were also common anomalies and anterior crowding (>2 mm) affecting 28.4% of the children, while anterior spacing (>4 mm) affecting 9.5%. Girls showed a higher prevalence of anterior crowding and a lower frequency of teeth spacing than boys.
Our study demonstrated that malocclusion is prevalent among children in the early mixed dentition, and more health resources should be warranted to meet the challenge of prevention or early intervention of malocclusion.
(1) Introduction: Correct development and growth of the dental arches and occlusion in the deciduous dentition is crucial for physiological occlusion in the permanent dentition. The present study ...evaluates the evolution of the terminal plane and canine occlusion class in the same children from deciduous to mixed dentition. (2) Materials and methods: The study included 257 children (164 girls and 93 boys) aged 3–5 years in the first phase and 8–10 years in the second phase. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables, while analysis of variance (ANOVA) or the Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Wilcoxon test were used in the case of quantitative variables, as applicable. Statistical significance was considered for p < 0.05. (3) Results: The most common terminal plane in the first phase of the study was a bilateral flush plane (70%), followed by distal and mesial, with few differences between them. In the second phase, the most common terminal plane was mesial, followed by bilateral flush and distal. There were no statistically significant differences according to gender. Canine occlusion in the first phase was predominantly bilateral class I, followed by class II and class III. Similar results were recorded in the permanent dentition, except for a lesser percentage of children with canine class II. Molar occlusion in the second phase was predominantly class I, followed by half cusp class II and full cusp class II and class III. (4) Conclusions: The present study shows that knowing the age range in which maximum dental development and growth in both arches occurs may contribute to avoiding malocclusions and the possible need for orthodontic-orthopedic treatment, resulting in improved outcomes and greater stability.
Introduction: Single tooth anterior dental crossbite is a major aesthetic and functional concern to the parents during the early stages of dental development with evident incidence rate during the ...early mixed dentition period. Though several treatment modalities exist on the dental management of these patients with developing single tooth anterior crossbite, earlier literature has shown variation among dentists in management of such cases. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the total time duration and comfort equation of three different appliances used to manage the condition of single tooth developing anterior crossbite in children at Mogappair, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, using a semi structured printed questionnaire. Materials and Methods: A total number of 30 patients was divided into three groups. 10 patients in each group had underwent treatment with fixed, removable and myofunctional appliances. The inter visit comfort assessment questionnaire in printed format containing five questions was given to all the parents at their first and last visit during their child’s dental treatment, at the waiting area of the department, inside the college campus. Chi-square test was used to analyse the data. Results: Of the total patients (n=30), the time duration for correcting single tooth developing anterior crossbite by fixed appliance was 11 days, removable appliance was 15 days and myofunctional appliance was 21 days. Comfort equation was found to be better in fixed appliance when compared with removable and myofunctional appliance. Conclusion: Several treatment modalities are available for the management of single tooth developing anterior crossbite. Based on the results of this study, the author suggest’s that further research is still needed with larger sample size in estimating the time duration and comfort equation used to manage single tooth developing anterior crossbite for providing effective paediatric dental care.
Background
Anchorage onto permanent dentition is a common procedure in rapid maxillary expansion. However, replacing first permanent molars with the second deciduous molars seems to be an option to ...reduce some negative side effects during orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dental effect of rapid maxillary expansion with anchorage exclusively onto deciduous teeth performed in the first period of transition.
Methods
Twenty patients with a lateral cross-bite treated exclusively by a Haas expander in early mixed dentition were retrospectively analyzed before treatment, at appliance removal, and at 21 months out of retention. The sagittal and transverse dimensions, together with the inter-canine arch and irregularity index, were digitally measured on scanned images of dental casts. The patients were compared with three balanced control groups (in total, 60 individuals) matched for gender. Two control groups had the same canine dental class as the treated group at T1, were in the inter-transitional period, and either had or lacked a lateral cross-bite. The last control group was comprised of adolescents in permanent dentition with a dental class I. The statistical analysis was performed by means of repeated-measures ANOVA for paired data and one-way ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Mann-Whitney test for independent measures (α-level
p
< 0.05).
Results
At the end of follow-up (inter-transitional period of dentition), the dental arch dimensions of treated patients were similar to those of adolescents with a dental class I and significantly wider than those of patients with a lateral cross-bite. Also, the anterior irregularity index was lower among patients who had undergone expansion treatments than in all untreated study participants.
Conclusions
The Haas expander anchored to the deciduous teeth is effective in increasing the dental arch width in patients with a lateral cross-bite. The dimensions of the dental arch were modified earlier toward the values of the permanent dentition.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusal traits among male schoolchildren aged 6-9 years in Rass, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A descriptive ...cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 304 male children in Rass, Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia. The molar relationships were recorded using Angle's classification system and other occlusal traits, such as overjet, overbite, and crossbite, based on the methods of Bjoerk et al. for registration of malocclusion in centric occlusion. Descriptive statistics were used to check occlusal discrepancies and a chi-squared test was used to compare the malocclusion prevalence in three different age groups. Results: The frequencies of Angle's Class I, Class II, and Class III molar relationships were 81.91%, 11.18%, and 6.91%, respectively. A total of 85.86% cases had normal overjet, whereas 90.13% of cases had normal overbite. The most prevalent malocclusion of the participants was increased overjet in 9.21%, followed by deep bite in 5.92%, deficient overjet in 4.93%, posterior crossbite in 3.95%, anterior open bite in 3.95%, and an anterior crossbite in 2.96%. No statistically significant difference was found age wise. Conclusion: The most frequent findings among Saudi male schoolchildren in the early mixed dentition were Class I molar relationship, normal overbite, and normal overjet. The most prevalent malocclusion trait was increased overjet followed by deep bite. Therefore, it is important to take children for an early orthodontic assessment.
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