Leaders in the fields of nutrigenomics/genetics can benefit from studying the ethical and social issues raised by comparable biomedical developments in the recent past and their consequences for ...science and society.
Experience with recombinant DNA research, beginning in the early 1970s, and its commercial application, and with pharamacogenetics/genomics, beginning two decades later, is analyzed.
Particular lessons are drawn from both experiences. As to the first, the conclusions are to encourage open discussion among scientists of the possible negative or risky consequences of their research; not to conduct such discussions behind closed doors, so as to involve rather than to surprise the public; and to keep in mind the international characteristics of science but the domestic nature of the manner in which it is regulated. As to the second, the lessons are to beware of hype, avoid genetic determinism, take account of the problems raised by similarities to traditional genetic screening/testing, overcome the medical system's lack of preparation to use the new information, and recognize that differences in access may exacerbate inequities in health and health care.
Awareness of these problems, which are likely to recur, can at least prepare those working in the field.
The corporations gain a power of influence, unthinkable years ago; they have acquired more and more rights and, in some way, govern the life of billions of peoples and of the earth in general. With ...every right, comes though the responsibility of the conservation and development of the environment in which the corporations act. The banking system has a major role to play in the evolution of the international framework, given its position on the economic stage. Some important banking groups realized this fact and made important steps in the area. The case study of the Holland banking group ABN AMRO proves the complexity of the introduction of sustainable development in the core of the financial business. The implementation is neither easy nor cheap. It implies essential changes in the bank management, in the way to determine the financial policies, in how to choose the clients, the employees, the suppliers etc. Led in an efficient way, sustainable banking implies innovation, creativity and, implicitly, new gains, through creating new products and opening new markets. The international banking community proved, through leading examples (ABN AMRO Bank, HSBC Group, Rabobank Group, JP Morgan Chase, Citigroup etc.) that it understands the importance, the necessity and also the viability of the sustainable development.
Discussions in the literature assert that nurses are becoming increasingly cognizant of their ethical responsibilities, but that they are often ill prepared to participate in ethical decision making. ...A review of selected research literature from 1970 to 1987 was undertaken to validate these assertions. A total of 12 studies related to ethical responsibilities was identified in the review; all studies were published between 1980 and 1987. The majority of studies were at the descriptive and exploratory levels and employed Kohlberg's cognitive theory of moral development as their conceptual framework. Significant findings related to educational level and ethical responsibilities were consistent across studies. Findings related to age and clinical experience were mixed; the effects of economic level, religion-religiosity, ethnicity, and other variables on ethical responsibilities were not significant. Issues raised in the light of the existing research include the use of Kohlberg's theory as a conceptual orientation in nursing groups and limited data on the reliability and validity of instruments used in measuring ethical constructs. Recommendations for future research on ethical responsibilities include the validation of Kohlberg's theory for nursing investigations, exploration of other frameworks for developing a multidimensional view of ethical responsibilities, and the use of qualitative research designs.
The human-induced climate crisis endangers health and the foundations of life for us humans. The professional society GMDS – German Assocation for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology – ...considers itself responsible for the health in society. What does this mean in times of the climate crisis? During a workshop entitled “Climate change, digitalization and health“ at GMDS2023 in Heilbronn, action areas for GMDS as a professional society and for its members were discussed. On the micro level, for example, the necessity, the anticipated benefits for human health, and the climate consequences of planned projects should be reflected upon. On the meso level, GMDS-organized events could be made climate-neutral, for example. On the macro level, GMDS could, for example, influence funding bodies to consider climate consequences in decisions regarding research proposals. We invite everyone interested to actively participate in the planned further discussions. The establishment of a GMDS project group or working group on this topic is planned. Now is the time to take responsibility for the climate. This applies at the professional level for us personally as well as for the professional society GMDS as an institution.
Among the topics discussed in the field of biology, applied ethics and the rights of the debate are the dilemmas and desirability of human interaction with the environment. The Holy Quran, as the ...book of evolution and decree, in its descriptive and obligatory propositions, expresses the correct way of human interaction with the environment with elegance, precision and depth. This research aims at explaining the Qur'anic view in this case and in a descriptive and analytical way to the main ethical responsibilities of the human being about the environment, and while expressing the Quranic view of the intrinsic value, the sanctity, the system, and the ecological dimension of the environment as well as the instrumental value And the creation of the environment for humans led to the achievement that the development and preservation of the environment, the optimal use without extremes, the prevention of destruction and pollution, respect for the rights of the future and gratitude, respect and kindness to the environment is an essential part of the The look of the Qur'an. The compilation of this research is based on the library resources and direct reference to Quranic verses and the interpretive method of verse verse as well as the narrative interpretation method.
D.H. Lawrence’s bold and genuine expression of the sexual, his preference for the archaic, and his portrayal of the psychedelic experience, resulted in criticism of his attitude as ethically ...irresponsible. Careful examination of his aesthetic premises reveals how his attempt to stimulate man’s interconnectedness with the human and non-human world stems from a higher moral purpose. Following Derridean and Lacanian approaches, this paper examines “The Man Who Loved Islands,” “The Woman Who Rode Away,” and Sea and Sardinia in order to show how his style and subject-matter engage profound ecological and existential concerns. More importantly, this analysis emphasizes that Lawrence’s expression of jouissance and his conception of man’s fragility in relation to nature draws attention to nature-as-process, as a living and evolving organism. He offers an artistic antecedent to James Lovelock’s scientific “Gaia theory.” Inasmuch as Lawrence expresses concern for both man and the natural world, he is ethically responsible.
In the field of business-to-business marketing, corporate ethical identity and corporate brand identity are crucial subjects for discussion. Business organizations function under social norms, and to ...establish an ethical identity, they must show corporate ethical responsibility, embrace ethical standards, and maintain open communication with suppliers. While an organization's reputation is impacted by the absence of an ethical identity, its financial success is unaffected. Extant literature has not thrown a spotlight on social and environmental performance which indicates that less focus has been given by academics than by practitioners. To fill the lacuna in the existing literature, this study examines the relationships between corporate ethical identity, corporate brand identity, social and environmental performance. The study uses a deductive research approach and develops hypotheses which are further tested using variance based structural equation modeling. The study offers a distinctive contribution to ethics theory and stakeholder theory by showing that developing an ethical identity requires more than just adhering to moral guidelines and upholding open communication. Companies must show that they are ethically responsible towards society. The study provides evidence of the influence corporate brand identity has on environmental and social performance. The findings can be useful in developing business-to-business marketing strategies.
•Examines the connection between corporate ethical identity, corporate brand identity, social and environmental performance.•Applies a deductive research approach and develops hypotheses which are tested using variance based SEM.•Developing an ethical identity requires more than just adhering to moral guidelines and upholding open communication.•Study provides evidence of the influence that corporate brand identity has on environmental and social performance.
Generally, businesses are capable of implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmentally sustainable behaviors as they pursue their profit‐making activities. While there are a ...number of contributions that investigated the effect of CSR and responsible environmental practices on the companies' bottom lines, few studies were focused on the strategic attributions of responsible corporate behaviors in the tourism industry context, during an unprecedented pandemic situation. Hence this research investigates the stakeholders' perceptions on the hospitality businesses' social responsibility and environmentally friendly practices. The data were collected from a sample of 462 research participants who worked in tourism and hospitality. The findings suggest that their employers' stakeholders were triggering their businesses to engage in ethical behaviors, responsible human resources management and to invest in environmentally friendly initiatives. As a result, they were creating value to their companies, to society and to the natural environment. In sum, this contribution implies that there are strategic attributions of CSR behaviors and of environmentally sustainable practices as responsible businesses can improve their growth prospects and increase their competitiveness in the long run.
Background: Even though the traditional focus in emergency care is on life-threatening medical crisis, ambulance clinicians frequently encounter patients with mental illness, including suicidal ...ideation. A suicide is preceded by a complex process where most of the suicidal ideation is invisible to others. However, as most patients seek healthcare in the year before suicide, ambulance clinicians could have an important part to play in preventing suicide, as they encounter patients in different phases of the suicidal process.
Aim: The aim of this study was to describe ambulance clinicians’ conceptions of responsibility when en- countering patients in a suicidal process.
Research design: A qualitative inductive design using a phenomenographic approach was used. Participants and research context: Twenty-seven ambulance clinicians from two regions in southern Sweden were interviewed.
Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority.
Findings: Three categories of descriptions captured a movement from responding to a biological being to responding to a social being. Conventional responsibility was perceived as a primary responsibility for emergency care. In conditional responsibility, the patient’s mental illness was given only limited importance and only if certain conditions were met. Ethical responsibility was perceived to have its primary focus on the encounter with the patient and listening to the patient’s life story.
Conclusions: An ethical responsibility is favourable regarding suicide prevention in ambulance care, and competence development in mental illness and conversation skills could enable ambulance clinicians to have conversations with patients about suicidal ideation.
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