We are in the midst of the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. This crisis is the latest phase of the evolution of financial markets under the radical financial deregulation process ...that began in the late 1970s. This evolution has taken the form of cycles in which deregulation accompanied by rapid financial innovation stimulates powerful financial booms that end in crises. Governments respond to crises with bailouts that allow new expansions to begin. As a result, financial markets have become ever larger and financial crises have become more threatening to society, which forces governments to enact ever larger bailouts. This process culminated in the current global financial crisis, which is so deeply rooted that even unprecedented interventions by affected governments have, thus far, failed to contain it. In this paper we analyse the structural flaws in the financial system that helped bring on the current crisis and discuss prospects for financial reform.
16-Analysis of the historical determinants of long-run CO2 emissions in the UK16-Financial development and energy use increase CO2 emissions, while R&D expenditures reduce them16-Environmental effect ...of economic growth supports the EKC hypothesis16-Relationship between R&D expenditures and CO2 emissions is analogues to the EKC16-A U-shaped relationship is found between financial development and CO2 emissions
The 4th industrial revolution and global decarbonisation are frequently referred to as two interrelated megatrends. Particularly, where the 4th industrial revolution is expected to fundamentally change the economy, society, and financial systems, it may also create opportunities for a zero-carbon future. Therefore, in the context of UK's legally binding commitment to achieve a net-zero emissions target by 2050, we analyse the role of economic growth, R&D expenditures, financial development, and energy consumption in causing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Employing the bootstrapping bounds testing approach to examine short- and long-run relationships, our analysis is based on historical data from 1870 to 2017. The results suggest the existence of cointegration between CO2 emissions and its determinants. Financial development and energy consumption lead to environmental degradation, but R&D expenditures help to reduce CO2 emissions. The estimated environmental effects of economic growth support the EKC hypothesis. While a U-shaped relationship is found between financial development and CO2 emissions, the nexus between R&D expenditures and CO2 emissions is analogues to the EKC. In the context of the efforts to tackle climate change, our findings suggest policy prescriptions by using financial development and R&D expenditures as the key tools to meet the emissions target.
Fire‐Sale Spillovers and Systemic Risk DUARTE, FERNANDO; EISENBACH, THOMAS M.
The Journal of finance (New York),
June 2021, 2021-06-00, 20210601, Letnik:
76, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
ABSTRACT
We identify and track over time the factors that make the financial system vulnerable to fire sales by constructing an index of aggregate vulnerability. The index starts increasing quickly ...in 2004, before most other major systemic risk measures, and triples by 2008. The fire‐sale‐specific factors of delevering speed and concentration of illiquid assets account for the majority of this increase. Individual banks' contributions to aggregate vulnerability predict other firm‐specific measures of systemic risk, including SRISK and ΔCoVaR. The balance‐sheet‐based measures we propose are therefore useful early indicators of when and where vulnerabilities are building up.
As a new technology, blockchain can be used to analyse and process the data through the effective integration of financial resources. New financial formats or service models are produced to upgrade ...the financial system and promote the efficiency and quality of financial operations and service from three layers (data, rules, and application) based on customers' needs. The blockchain technology can help the financial industry to automatically and accurately identify customer credit conditions, restructure the financial market credit system, and improve the efficiency of cross‐border payment. Meanwhile, it also posed a challenge for the financial industries' development. In this paper, we systematically analysed the blockchain technology and its application in the financial and economic field and the status quo and the challenges. Finally, we provided constructive suggestions to facilitate the blockchain technology development in the financial and economic field.
A functional and efficient financial sector is essential for the industrial advancement of a nation. In the context of Ethiopia's rapidly growing economy, this study examines the limitations imposed ...by its underdeveloped financial sector on the country's economic advancement and explores viable policy interventions. Characterized by state-owned bank dominance, a scarcity of non-bank financial institutions, and deficient infrastructure, Ethiopia's financial system perpetuates widespread financial exclusion. This exclusion hinders industrial transformation, stifles local business growth, and narrows financing avenues for foreign entities. Insights from China's shift toward market-oriented financial reforms and Kenya's fintech innovations suggest a path for Ethiopia involving clear, gradual reforms. Strategic steps could include diversifying financial institutions, improving financial infrastructure, advancing mobile payment solutions, and adopting more versatile financing methods to address the financial challenges of industrialization.
We investigate 1-year interest rate swaps on USD, EUR, JPY and GBP between 2005 and 2020 utilising a quantile connectedness model. This approach allows for a nuanced investigation of connectedness ...and adds to understanding the monetary policy transmission mechanism within a highly integrated international financial system. Substantial interest rate changes (in either direction) matter for connectedness in financial markets. The results also indicate which currency drives developments depending on the direction of the change in interest rates. The full implementation and replication code — based on R, is available at: https://github.com/GabauerDavid/ConnectednessApproach.
•We study connectedness in IRS markets and include a magnitude dimension.•Large positive or negative interest rate changes increase connectedness.•Substantial variations are observed across major markets and over time.•The results have implications for the monetary transmission mechanism.
•We consider the interdependence between ICT infrastructure, financial inclusion, and economic growth.•We use data from 20 Indian states from 1991 to 2018.•We have found endogenous relationships ...between the variables and have determined the direction of causal links.•We suggest policies to elevate economic development to the same level as ICT infrastructure development and financial inclusion.
The roles played by the financial sector and of information and communication technology (ICT) in economic growth are well established in the literature. With increasing development and the convergence between the financial and ICT platforms, digital financial systems emerged which have opened new opportunities to close the wealth gaps between the “haves” and “have-nots” in the developing world. In this paper, we examine the short-run and long-run dynamics between economic growth, financial inclusion initiatives, and ICT infrastructure development in 20 Indian states over the period from 1991 to 2018. Using the Granger-causality technique, we show evidence of strong temporal causality between these variables in the short and long term. Our empirical results demonstrate that careful co-curation of ICT infrastructure development, financial inclusion initiatives, and economic growth strategies is essential for these Indian states to achieve sustainable economic development.
Display omitted
The article reviews cooperation between the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) and their collective efforts to promote reform of international financial institutions, ...shape global financial regulation and improve financial cooperation. The authors focus on the BRICS–G20 engagement for global economic governance reform. To assess the progress so far, the study employs original quantitative data on the BRICS and G20 commitments and compliance, and qualitative analysis of the BRICS and G20 discourse and the transformation of the international economic architecture. The results suggest that, contrary to the common perception of the BRICS as a challenger of the traditional western-dominated international monetary and financial system, it acts in a cooperative manner, seeking to make the international financial architecture and global regulation more representative and responsive to emerging markets and developing economies needs, and strengthen the stability and resilience of international and domestic financial markets.
his study examined the literature longitudinally to determine if the correlation between Bitcoin and tulip hysteria is valid. The study's findings indicate that Bitcoin has gradually separated itself ...from the tulip frenzy. As an electronic payment system and investment instrument, it has integrated itself into the modern financial system, unlike the tulip mania, a strictly speculative bubble with limited utility. Bitcoin's price may resemble the tulip hysteria and other bubbles, but its exploratory price pattern is characteristic of disruptive technologies.
PDF
