Basketball requires a good physical fitness condition, a good physical fitness needs an adequate exercise program, one of the popular exercise program is fartlek method. The purpose of this study is ...to know the effect of fartlek method that have had done for eight weeks (twice in a week) towards the VO2max of SMP Kristen Satya Wacana’s male basketball extracurricular. Based on the previous study about physical fitness, the participants of SMP Kristen Satya Wacana’s basketball extracurricular had a poor physical fitness proven by the result of cooper test that shown the VO2max on SMP Kristen Satya Wacana’s male basketball extracurricular was 29,19 ml⸱kg-1⸱min-1 (very poor).The VO2max was calculated using cooper test. The VO2max’s result on this research is 53,49 19 ml-kg-1-min-1, which is very good. T-tests were used to determine the result of pretest and postest, and the result of the vo2max is 26,03111±7,5 ml∙kg-1∙min-1 (p<0,05). Based on the result of this research, fartlek could be used to increase the VO2max of basketball male athletes of SMP Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga.
Background and Study Aim. The significant influence of speed, agility and aerobic fitness on youth soccer performance is described by current football literature. The sensitive phases of age ...development of students have been stated to have a different influence compared to professional players. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of speed, agility and aerobic fitness on soccer skills to the Student Activity Units (UKM) of Football.
Material and Methods. The method used in the correlation research study is a descriptive-quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The population study was all 35 members of UKM football players and the sample was selected through purposive methods sampling. Furthermore, the instruments to be applied are (1) speed with 30 meters sprint test; (2) agility through a 5-meters shuttle run; (3) aerobic endurance by using the 20m Beep-test protocol; (4) soccer skill using David Lee’s test. The SPSS 28 program was used for the statistical operations in the analytical data technique, followed by prerequisite analysis tests, namely the normality test and homogeneity test, as well as a hypothesis test to confirm the hypothesis.
Results. The result shows that there is a correlation in positive values between both the independent and dependent variables. Statistical analysis confirms that there is a correlation and positive impact of speed, agility and aerobic capacity of football skills. Significant differences in correlations were found in the speed, agility and aerobic capacity of the participants (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. Physical activity based on the anaerobic system has a positive effect on individual skills. In contrast, aerobic capacity plays a role more in the complex skills of football games in real situations.
Kidney failure reduces life expectancy by one-third compared with the general population, and cardiovascular complications and poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are the main causes. We aimed to ...evaluate the association between severely low CRF and all-cause mortality risk in HD patients.
This observational prospective cohort study followed-up patients receiving HD from August 2015 until March 2022. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated through the cardiopulmonary exercise test, and the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) value was used to determine severely low CRF (< 15 mL∙kg-1∙min-1). Cox regression and univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to evaluate the association of severely low CRF with mortality risk and survival rate.
Forty-eight patients were followed-up for a median of 33.0 14.3 - 49.3 months. A total of 26 patients had severely low CRF. During the follow-up period, 11 patients (22.92%) died from all causes. From these, eight (30.8%) had severely low CRF. Even so, severely low CRF was not associated with crude death rates for patients stratified by CRF levels (p = 0.189), neither in unadjusted (HR 2.18; CI 95% 0.58-8.23) nor in adjusted (HR 1.32; CI 95% 0.31-5.59) Cox proportional hazard models. As a continuous variable, VO2peak was not associated with mortality risk (HR 1.01; CI 95% 0.84-1.21). Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with severely low CRF did not have significantly worse survival rates than those with mild-moderate CRF (p = 0.186).
Our findings indicated that severely low CRF was not associated with all-cause mortality in patients on HD. Despite severely low CRF being prevalent, larger cohort studies are needed to establish strong conclusions on its association with all-cause mortality.
Phase separation of soluble proteins into insoluble deposits is associated with numerous diseases. However, protein deposits can also function as membrane‐less compartments for many cellular ...processes. What are the fitness costs and benefits of forming such deposits in different conditions? Using a model protein that phase‐separates into deposits, we distinguish and quantify the fitness contribution due to the loss or gain of protein function and deposit formation in yeast. The environmental condition and the cellular demand for the protein function emerge as key determinants of fitness. Protein deposit formation can influence cell‐to‐cell variation in free protein abundance between individuals of a cell population (i.e., gene expression noise). This results in variable manifestation of protein function and a continuous range of phenotypes in a cell population, favoring survival of some individuals in certain environments. Thus, protein deposit formation by phase separation might be a mechanism to sense protein concentration in cells and to generate phenotypic variability. The selectable phenotypic variability, previously described for prions, could be a general property of proteins that can form phase‐separated assemblies and may influence cell fitness.
Synopsis
A model protein that phase separates into deposits is used to distinguish and quantify the fitness contribution due to the loss or gain of protein function and deposit formation in yeast.
The presented approach identifies and quantifies different fitness effects associated with protein deposit formation due to phase separation.
The environmental condition and the cellular demand for the protein function emerge as key determinants of fitness upon protein deposit formation.
Variability in protein deposit formation can lead to cell‐to‐cell differences in free protein abundance between individuals.
Protein phase separation can generate a continuous range of phenotypes in a cell population.
A model protein that phase separates into deposits is used to distinguish and quantify the fitness contribution due to the loss or gain of protein function and deposit formation in yeast.
Amaç: Bozulan substrat kullanım durumu obezite ve diyabet gibi metabolik hastalıklar ile yakından ilişkilidir. Egzersiz yoğunluğu substrat kullanımını belirleyen önemli faktörlerden birisidir. Bu ...çalışmada iş gücü yoğunluğunun düşük ve orta seviyelerine denk gelen maksimal iş kapasitesinin Wmax %45 seviyesindeki egzersizin yağ karbonhidrat kullanım oranı ve miktarları üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplam 10 sağlıklı erkek denek bisiklet ergometre ile yoruluncaya kadar devam eden artan yüke karşı yapılan egzersiz testine katıldılar. Farklı günlerde, her bir denek Wmax kapasitesinin %45 seviyesine denk gelen iş gücünde 30 dk süre ile sabit yük egzersiz testine katıldılar. Egzersiz sırasında, deneklerin O2 alım VO2 ve CO2 atım VCO2 değerleri solunumdan solunuma metabolik gaz analizörü ile ölçüldü. Substrat kullanım durumu solunum katsayısı RQ: ΔVCO2/ΔVO2 ile değerlendirildi. Yağ ve karbonhidrat yakım miktarları Frayn formülü ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Maksimal iş kapasitesi ve O2 alım değerleri 219±8 W ve 3.00±0.11 L/dk bulundular. Wmax değerini %45’ine gelen iş gücü 99±4 W olarak bulundu. RQ değeri 0.90±0.001 olup karışık yağ ve karbonhidrat kullanımını göstermektedir. Egzersiz sırasında ortalama ±SE yağ ve karbonhidrat yakım miktarları sırası ile 0.246±0.002 gr/dk ve 1.577±0.009 gr/dk bulundular. Sonuç: Düşük ve orta egzersiz yoğunluğuna denk gelen Wmax değerinin %45’indeki eşik-altı egzersiz testleri klinik bilimlerince kabul edilen önemli bir yağ yakımına neden olmuştur. Bu nedenle, araştırmacılar veya klinisyenler yüksek yoğunluklu ve artmış metabolik stres oluşturmadan, düşük ve orta yoğunluktaki egzersiz uygulamaları ile yağ yakımını uyarabileceklerini göz önünde bulundurmaları gerekir
Tjelesno vježbanje važno je sredstvo za unapređenje zdravstvenog statusa ljudi. Budući da je kardiorespiratorni fitnes jedna od najvažnijih komponenata zdravstvenog fitnesa, potrebno je pronaći ...optimalne programe treninga za razvoj te komponente. Radi toga je u posljednje vrijeme iznimno popularan postao visokointenzivni intervalni trening (VIIT). Taj se program treninga sastoji od visokointenzivnih (85 – 95% VO2maks.) intervala rada koji se izmjenjuju s niskointenzivnim (40 – 60% VO2maks.) ili pasivnim intervalima odmora, a optimalni sadržaji za realizaciju treninga uključuju cikličke oblike kretanja. VIIT se može programirati u obliku kratkog i dugog formata, a oba omogućuju maksimiziranje vremena provedenog u zoni maksimalnog aerobnog napora. Uza statistički značajno unapređenje maksimalnog primitka kisika (VO2maks.) ovaj tip treninga utječe i na ostale čimbenike rizika od razvoja kardiovaskularnih bolesti, odnosno klinički značajno smanjuje potkožno masno tkivo, snižava sistolički i dijastolički krvni tlak i razinu glukoze u krvi te pozitivno regulira masnoće u krvi. Učinci treninga mogu se očekivati već nakon nekoliko tjedana vježbanja, a veličina promjena ovisit će o ukupnom volumenu treninga te inicijalnom statusu vježbača. VIIT je siguran program treninga, a brojna istraživanja upućuju na njegovu veću učinkovitost u odnosu prema umjerenointenzivnomu kontinuiranom treningu kod svih populacija. Zbog visokog intenziteta rada za provedbu VIIT-a potrebno je vrlo malo vremena, stoga on postaje vrlo učinkovita trenažna strategija za unapređenje zdravlja budući da je nedostatak vremena najčešće navedena barijera tjelesnom vježbanju. Naposljetku, za postizanje optimalnih rezultata programiranje i provedba programa treninga moraju biti povjereni stručnoj osobi, kineziologu, koji će znati prilagoditi program treninga pojedincu i uvjetima rada.
Cilj istraživanja je ispitati efekte osmonedeljnog zumba fitnes programa na promjene u tjelesnoj kompoziciji žena. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 12 žena rekreativki starosne dobi od 25 do 35 ...godina u trajanju od osam nedelja (24 treninga). Prije i početka zumba fitnes programa izmjereni su sljedeći tjelesni parametri: tjelesna masa, postotak masnog tkiva, količina masnog tkiva izražena u kg, nemasna masa i ukupna količina vode u tijelu. Razlike aritmetičkih sredina na inicijalnom i finalnom mjerenju testirane su statističkom procedurom Paired sample T test. Rezultati su pokazali da je nakon osmonedeljne primjene zumba fitnes programa došlo do statistički značajnih promjena u smanjenju tjelesne mase (p=0,019), zatim smanjenju postotka masnog tkiva (p=0,012), te količine masnog tkiva izražene u kg (p=0,000). Iako su se vrijednosti nemasne mase (0,22kg) i ukupne količinu vode u tijelu (0,15kg) nakon provedenog programa uvećale, nisu bile statistički značajne. Zumba fitnes program pokazao se kao vrlo efikasno sredstvo vježbanja s ciljem redukcije masnog tkiva kod žena.
Amaç: Artan yüke karşı yapılan egzersiz sırasında solunum ve CO2 atılımı VE/VCO2 oranı ile tanımlanmakta olan solunumun etkinliği aerobik fitnes seviyesinin belirlenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Egzersiz ...sırasında en düşük VE/VCO2 oranının 34’ün üzerinde olduğu durumlar artan ölüm riskini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız solunumun etkinliğini antrenmanlı ve sedanter deneklerde karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi ve düşük VE/VCO2 oranının fitnes değerlendirilmesinde kullanılıp kullanılamayacağını araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: On antrenmanlı yaş 20.1±0.4 yıl ve 10 sedanter yaş:19.8±0.7 yıl erkek denek artan yüke karşı yapılan egzersiz testine katıldılar 15 W/min . Akciğer gaz değişim parametreleri metabolik gaz analizörü ile solunumdan solunuma ölçüldü. Anaerobik eşik AE ve solunum kompansasyon noktası SKN gaz değişim parametreleri ile hesaplandı.Bulgular: İş gücü antrenmanlı ve sedanter deneklerde AE de 143±8 W ile 123±5 W , SKN de 170±9 W ile 148±6 W ve testin sonunda 222±9 W ile 204±7 W olarak sırası ile bulundular. VE/VCO2 oranı antrenmanlı ve sedanter deneklerde testin başında 32±0.6 ile 32±1.6, AE de 26.5±0.7 ile 26±1, SKN de 27.5±0.7 ile 26±0.9 ve testin sonunda 30±1.1 ile 30±1.3 olarak bulundular.Sonuç: AE ve SKN de elde edilen ve solunum etkinliğini gösteren en düşük VE/VCO2 oranı her iki grupta istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermedi. Böylece artan VE/VCO2 oranı, zayıflayan aerobik fitnes göstergesi olarak kullanılmasına rağmen, bu kriterin artan fitnes seviyesi göstergesi olarak kullanılamayacağı belirlenmiştir
Sports recreation area is on this issue largely ignored due to the lack of doping controls in the same extremely nontransparent terms. ...the work is on the one hand aimed at the general empirical ...clarification of the use of (not) allowed agents among recreationists, while the other side wants to empirically examine their motives for use. ...this paper addresses the issue of how to use permissible and impermissible supplementation. Gender and age differences in the relationship between Body Mass Index and perceived weight: Gender differences in relationships among perceived attractiveness, life satisfaction, and health in adults as a function of Body Mass Index and perceived weight.
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