Brain tumors amount to less than 2% of all malignant neoplasms; however, they are the most common solid tumors in children, causing nearly one quarter of all childhood cancer death, and the incidence ...of pediatric brain tumors seems to increase more rapidly than any other tumor type. The majority of adult glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) occur in older patients after a short clinical history without clinical or histopathological evidence of a less malignant precursor lesion (primary or de novo glioblastoma). Another type of glioblastoma, so-called secondary glioblastoma, progressively develops in younger patients more slowly from low-grade diffuse (WHO grade II) or anaplastic astrocytoma (WHO grade III). Distinct genetic pathways have been reported, related to tumor progression in adult astrocytic tumors. Pediatric glioblastomas resemble secondary glioblastomas in that the patients are young, but the tumors are mostly primary. Compared with the extensive efforts that has been directed at characterizing the molecular features of adult astrocytoma progression, relatively little data have been reported on pediatric tumors, in part reflecting the fact that these lesions are less common. It has also remained uncertain whether tumor classification into genetic subtypes as defined for adult astrocytomas could be defined for childhood astrocytomas. We reviewed whether the genetic alterations documented for adult astrocytomas are also operative in younger tumors.
Glioblastom multiforme (GBM) uzrokuju glijalne stanice podrijetlom iz središnjega živčanog sustava i to je najčešći (50%-60%) oblik primarnog tumora mozga. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati in ...vitroučinke selena na stanice humanog GBM. Rabili smo stanične linije GMS-10 i DBTRG-05MG humanog GBM kao model za ispitivanje ulaska selena u stanicu, stanične proliferacije, citotoksičnosti, fragmentacije DNA i izraženosti proteina Ki-67 u skupini tretiranoj selenometioninom i skupini bez takve obrade. Seleno-L-metionin (SeMet) kao organski izvor selena utjecao je na staničnu proliferaciju i citotoksičnost, što je procijenjeno pomoću testova WST-1 odnosno laktat dehidrogenaze (LDH). Apoptoza je procijenjena fragmentacijom DNA testom ELISA. Izražajnost proteina Ki-67 utvrđena je Western blotingom, dok su mjerenja selena provedena u supernatantima, a lizati primjenom GFAAS. Ovo je prvo istraživanje u kojem su se ispitivali učinci SeMet na staničnu proliferaciju i smrt u stanicama GMS-10 i DBTRG-05MG. Obje stanične linije GBM pokazale su o dozi i vremenu ovisan odgovor na SeMet. Test WST-1 pokazao je da je tretman niskom dozom SeMet (50 i 100 μM) pove-ćao proliferaciju stanica. Rezultati analize unutarstaničnih razina SeMet pomoću AAS bili su sukladni rezultatima testova stanične životnosti i citotoksičnosti. Tretman pomoću SeMet kroz 72 h uzrokovao je povećanu fragmentaciju DNA u objema staničnim linijama. U zaključku, naši rezultati ukazuju na to da SeMet u visokim dozama izaziva staničnu smrt, dok u niskim dozama povećava staničnu proliferaciju. U svjetlu podataka dobivenih u ovom istraživanju smatramo da bi bilo opravdano daljnja istraživanja usredotočiti na moguću primjenu SeMet kod različitih tipova GBM i u kombinaciji s mogućim sinergističnim spojevima.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Saarbrücken, Univ., Diss., 2008- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons ...CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain ...Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain ...Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain ...Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Jasna prezentacija tumora mozga u području motorne zone kod bolesnika koji prijeoperacijski nisu imali slabost ekstremiteta nije jamstvo da se on može radikalno odstraniti bez poslijeoperacijskog ...neurološkog deficita. Prikazujemo niz od 60 ispitanika sa supratentorijalnim tumorima lokaliziranim u i oko motorne zone mozga, koji su hospitalizirani na Institutu za neurokirurgiju KCS u Beogradu u razdoblju od listopada 2011. do veljače 2015. godine. Procjena prije- i poslijeoperacijskog stanja bolesnika je vrednovana ljestvicom Karnofski indeksa (KI). Iz serije su isključeni bolesnici s recidivom tumora i bolesnici čiji je KI kod prijma bio manji od 70. Tijekom procedure elektrostimulacije motornog korteksa potrebne su značajno manje vrijednosti jačine struje, frekvencije i pulsnog vala (p<0,01) za izazivanje motornog odgovora u slučaju postojanja tipa tumora multiformnog glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM ) u odnosu na spororastuće gliome (niskog stupnja) mozga. Nađena je statistički značajna razlika u prije- i poslijeoperacijskim vrijednostima KI (F=48,856; df=1; p<0,01; Eta2=0,457), naime, bolesnici s gliomima niskog stupnja imali su statistički značajno veću vrijednost KI prije- i poslijeoperacijski u odnosu na vrijednosti KI kod skupine bolesnika s GBM (p<0,01). Uporabom elektrostimulacije korteksa postignut je veći stupanj radikalnosti kirurške resekcije glioma niskog stupnja u odnosu na skupinu bolesnika s GBM (c2=5,281; df=1; p<0,05). Kirurgija tumora lokaliziranih u motornom korteksu predstavlja izazov zbog pratećeg rizika od de novo nastanka motornog deficita. Naši rezultati kao i rezultati drugih autora pokazuju neophodnost rutinske primjene direktne elektrostimulacije moždane kore radi identifikacije primarnog motornog polja (M1).
Currently only microscopical examinations are insuffcient for histologic classification and grading of gliomas. In recognition of the emerging role of molecula dr iagnostic approaches to glioma ...classification g, enetic profiles have been emphasized, as in the distinct subtypes of glioma. Glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) may develop de novo (primary glioblastomas) or through progression from lower-grade astrocytomas (secondary glioblastomas), but bothg lioblastoma sshow similar histologica fleatures. In contrast, these subtypes of glioblastom caonstitute distinct disease entities that evolve through different genetic pathways, and are likely to differ in prognosis and response to therapy. Oligodendroglioma is recognized as a particular subtype of gliomas that shows remarkable response to chemotherapy m, aking their correct diagnosis important H. owever h, istologica dlifferentiatio onf oligodendrogliomas from diffuse astrocytoma could be highly subjective in cases without typical morphological features. Although primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and non-CNS lymphoma also show similar histologica fleatures, it is very important to discriminate primary tumors or metastatic tumors. This article suggests that more biological and molecular approaches to brain tumor classification will provide improved means to type these tumors.
Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Pavel Šlampa- All metadata ...published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
PDF