Abstract During the Covid-19 pandemic, the smoker treatment service was impacted. This article evaluated the impact of the pandemic on the service in the SUS. This is an ecological descriptive ...observational study using the National Tobacco Control Program (PNCT) database for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, from five states (PA, PB, GO, RJ and RS) for the second four months. Relative differences were estimated in the number of units that offered the service and in the number of consultations for clinical evaluation, first and fourth sessions. For the years 2019 and 2020, there was a percentage difference of -51.9% in the number of units that offered the service in all states studied. For the years 2019 and 2021, the relative difference for the health units was -20.96% and, for the clinical evaluation, the first and fourth sessions were: -54.19%, -55.07% and -61 .31%, respectively. These differences were greater for the capitals when compared to the other municipalities. Despite the negative impact, especially in the first year of the pandemic, the study showed that the services did not interrupt their activities and showed some recovery in 2021. It was also important to note that smokers, despite the recommendations, did not stop seeking treatment.
Resumo Durante a pandemia da Covid-19, o serviço para tratamento do fumante foi impactado. Este artigo avaliou o impacto da pandemia sobre o serviço no SUS. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo ecológico utilizando o banco de dados do Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabagismo (PNCT) anos 2019, 2020 e 2021, de cinco estados (PA, PB, GO, RJ e RS) referente ao segundo quadrimestre. Foram estimadas as diferenças relativas no número de unidades que ofereceram o serviço e no número de atendimentos para avaliação clínica, primeira e quarta sessões. Para os anos de 2019 e 2020, observou-se diferença percentual no número de unidades que ofereceram o serviço em todos os estados estudados de -51,9%. Para os anos de 2019 e 2021, a diferença relativa para as unidades de saúde foi de -20,96% e, para a avaliação clínica, primeira e quarta sessões foram: -54,19%, -55,07% e -61,31%, respectivamente. Essas diferenças foram maiores para as capitais quando comparadas com os demais municípios. Apesar do impacto negativo, principalmente no primeiro ano da pandemia, o estudo mostrou que os serviços não interromperam suas atividades e mostraram alguma recuperação em 2021.Também foi importante observar que os tabagistas, apesar das recomendações, não deixaram de procurar o tratamento.
This article aims to analyse the COVID-19 coping strategies adopted by municipal health managers in two regions. A mixed method study of the sequential explanatory type was carried out with municipal ...health managers and primary care coordinators. The quantitative stage was developed with the application of an instrument to 42 managers to identify coping actions and associations with demographic and epidemiological data of COVID-19 in the municipalities. The results aimed at the definition of 15 participants and the collection of data in the qualitative stage, enabling approximation of the meta inferences of the study. Of the actions implemented, there were immediate actions to monitor cases, organize new care flows and encourage the population to adopt nonpharmacological measures. Regional articulation was the device that allowed for expansion and municipal autonomy for testing, reducing contamination and deaths among citizens. Municipal coping strategies that focused on the surveillance of cases and expansion of testing showed positive outcomes in terms of the number of infections and deaths from COVID-19.
Abstract Background The first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on health systems and health professionals, due to the high number of cases and a lack of preparation. The aim of ...this study was to understand how nurses working in hospital units and in intensive care perceived the performance of nurse managers and senior hospital management during the first two waves of the pandemic. Methods The phenomenological approach proposed by Giorgi was used to investigate perceptions of the performance of nurse managers and senior hospital management during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Fourteen clinical nurses who worked on the front line in inpatient units or intensive care units of the Health Services of Extremadura and Madrid in the first (March–April 2020) and second (October–November 2020) waves of the COVID-19 pandemic participated in this study. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews, following a script of themes, in a theoretical sample of nurses who were worked during the pandemic. Results Two main themes emerged from the analysis of the data: (1) perceptions about the performance of nurse managers and senior hospital managers during the first and second waves of the pandemic (health system failure; belief that senior hospital management professionals could have managed the pandemic better; recognizing the efforts of middle management (nursing supervisors); insufficient institutional support) and (2) strategies employed by nurses to compensate for the weaknesses in pandemic management. Conclusions The clinical nurses perceived that the nurse managers demonstrated better management of the pandemic than the hospital’s senior management, which they attribute to their proximity, empathy, accessibility, and ability to mediate between them and the senior management. The nurses also believe that the senior management of the hospitals was to blame for organisational failures and the poor management of the pandemic.
Objectives
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the stroke health management model on the prognosis and recurrence of mild to moderate ischemic stroke, guided by the stroke health manager ...based on the patients' needs. In addition, up-to-date evidence of healthcare resource allocation, planning, and optimization is provided.
Methods
The current research was a retrospective, observational, single-center, history-controlled study with patients divided into two groups, namely, the intervention group and the control group, following the guidance of the stroke health manager. The control group patients received standard medical care during hospitalization, which consisted of advice on healthy lifestyle choices carried out by the bed nurse, but no structured education, WeChat group, or clinical consultation was included. The intervention group patients, in addition to the standard medical care, received health management and health education from the stroke health manager, and after hospital discharge, the patients were followed up over the telephone by the health manager to see if there was any recurrence or readmission.
Results
From 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020, 382 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. Through the univariate regression analysis, we found that SHM intervention was associated with a significantly lower risk of recurrence (HR = 0.459). We constructed a nomogram based on the significant variables from the regression analysis and also analyzed the association between the control group and the SHM intervention group among all subgroups using the Cox proportional hazards model to assess the effect of the stroke health management model. Most patients in this study had a total risk point between 170 and 270. The C-index value was 0.76, and the time-dependent AUC for predicting recurrence was >0.7.
Conclusion
The stroke health manager-guided management model based on patients' needs can better control the risk factors of stroke and significantly reduce the recurrence rate of mild to moderate ischemic stroke within 1 year.
Using management competency-based frameworks to guide developing and delivering training and formal education to managers has been increasingly recognized as a key strategy in building management ...capacity. Hence, interest in identifying and confirming the competency requirements in various contexts have been witnessed. Therefore, learnings from how competency studies were designed and conducted, how competencies were identified, and strategies in ensuring success in competency identification are of great value to researchers planning and conducting competency studies in their own country.
A scoping review was conducted guided by the Arksey and O'Malley framework and reported according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). All papers that published empirical studies aiming at identifying and assessing manager's competencies at the peer-reviewed journals were identified from Web of sciences, PubMed, Scopus and Emerald Management between 2000 and 2021. In order to maximize learning, studies focusing on health and non-health sectors are all included.
In total, 186 studies were included in the review including slightly more than half of the studies conducted in health sector (54.5%). 60% of the studies focused on mid to senior level managers. Surveys and Interviews were the two most commonly used methods either solely or as part of the mix-method in the studies. Half of the studies used mixed methods approach (51.1%). Large proportion of the papers failed to include all information that is necessary to contribute to learning and improvement in future study design. Based on the results of the scoping review a four steps framework was developed that can guide designing and implementing management competency studies in specific country vs. sector context and to ensure benefits of the studies are maximised.
The review confirmed the increasing trend in investing in management competency studies and that the management competency identification and development process varied substantially, in the choice of methods and processes. The identification of missing information in majority of the published studies calls for the development of more rigorous guidelines for the peer-review process of journal publications. The proposed framework of improving the quality and impact of the future management competency study provides clear guidance to management competency identification and development that promotes the functional alignment of methods and strategies with intended uses and contexts.
RESUMO O campo da Promoção da Saúde vem sendo institucionalizado e fortalecido, e está presente no discurso governamental, o que mostra a contemporaneidade do tema. Contudo, há diferentes ...interpretações sobre ela, o que coloca a necessidade de aprofundar alguns temas, o que fazemos neste artigo em relação ao papel do setor Saúde; a mudança comportamental; e a abordagem individual, temas que geralmente recebem interpretações simplistas e, portanto, não poderiam ser classificados como Promoção da Saúde. O artigo apresenta outras formas de compreensão destes temas, por meio da contribuição de trabalhadores(as), gestores(as) da Atenção Básica e de especialistas no tema e com isso ampliar as possibilidades da prática da Promoção da Saúde na Atenção Básica.
ABSTRACT The field of Health Promotion has been strengthened institutionalized and is present in the government discourse, which shows the contemporaneity of the theme. However, there are different interpretations about it, which raises the need to deepen some themes, which we do in this article regarding the role of the health sector; behavioral change; and the individual approach, themes that usually receive simplistic interpretations and therefore could not be classified as Health Promotion. The article intends to present other ways of understanding these themes, through the contribution of workers, managers of Primary Care and of specialists in the subject and thus expand the possibilities of the practice of Health Promotion in Primary Care.
The role of the municipal manager is primordial in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of health actions in their municipality, among them the management of obesity, so this article aims to ...describe the perspective of primary care managers of the nine municipalities of the health regions of the state of Amazonas on the Obesity Care Line. This is a cross-sectional, census, descriptive and quali-quantitative study. The average age of the managers was 38 years, majority female (57.1%), and brown (71.4%). By the criteria used for the scoring of the analysis of obesity care by managers, the municipalities presented classification between "critical" and "incipient", that is, all presented absence of factors that influence obesity care. The themes mentioned by the managers reinforce the results, being them: Challenges in the Care Line Flow; Lack of Infrastructure of services and actions for the Management of Obesity and Work Process. It`s primordial to reassess the model of assistance practiced, emphasizing the care and autonomy of the subjects, the team role, the public management, the particularities of each location to understand the multicausalities of the data and assist in the development of specific actions aimed at tackling obesity.
O papel do gestor municipal é primordial, no planejamento, acompanhamento e avaliação das ações em saúde do seu município, dentre elas a do manejo da obesidade, por isso este artigo objetiva descrever a perspectiva dos gestores da atenção primária dos nove municípios polos das regiões de saúde do estado do Amazonas sobre a linha de cuidado da obesidade. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, censitário, descritivo e quali-quantitativo. A média de idade dos gestores foi 38 anos, maioria do sexo feminino (57,1%), e pardo (71,4%). Pelos critérios utilizados para a pontuação da análise do cuidado da obesidade pelos gestores, os municípios apresentaram classificação entre “crítica” e “incipiente”, isto é, todos apresentaram ausência de fatores que influenciam no cuidado da obesidade. Os temas citados pelos gestores reforçam os resultados, sendo eles: Desafios no Fluxo da Linha de Cuidado; Carência de Infraestrutura dos serviços e ações para o Manejo da Obesidade e Processo de Trabalho. Sendo primordial reavaliar o modelo de assistência praticado, enfatizando os cuidados e a autonomia dos sujeitos, o papel de equipe, da gestão pública, as particularidades de cada localidade para entender as multicausalidades dos dados e auxiliar no desenvolvimento de ações específicas voltadas ao enfrentamento da obesidade.
Aim
Bring to discussion spiritual leadership and workplace spirituality on a health care system that faces constant challenges and seeks constant adaptations, as a way to guarantee nurses' well‐being ...and quality of care.
Background
The work environment has shown to have impact on staff well‐being. Workplace spirituality relates to sense of belonging, motivation and commitment. A spiritual leadership is fundamental to develop workplace spirituality.
Evaluation
Starting from literature, a reflection on the theme was carried out based on the results of the development of spiritual leadership and workplace spirituality in health care institutions, in professionals and in patients.
Key issues
Nurses have spiritual needs which need to be also addressed in order to promote the sense of identification with the institutions' vision and goals. A relation between spiritual leadership, workplace spirituality and subjective well‐being is often found in literature, and this is critical evidence towards new management and leadership dynamics and models in health care institutions that should integrate workplace spirituality.
Conclusion
Nursing leaders are responsible for workplace spirituality facilitation. Nursing leadership and workplace spirituality seem both an answer and way to the change of health institutions management paradigm, but more studies are needed to inform this change in practice.
Implications for Nursing Management
Workplace spirituality must be promoted in all health care institutions, aiming the humanization of care and teams.
Nursing leaders must have spiritual competences and must include the promotion of workplace spirituality in daily agenda as a foundational area in management.
The health care institutions' managers should consider the best leaders who should facilitate workplace spirituality.
Abstract Objective: to describe the technical-assistance arrangements developed within the scope of work management in the COVID-19 pandemic care network, from the managers’ perspective. Method: a ...qualitative research study, of the incorporated single case type, conducted with 23 managers of a Health Care Network. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles, with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. Results: the arrangements were analyzed in categories related to health care; management; incorporation of technologies; implementation of a field hospital; and retrospective analysis of the experiences as a whole. There was emphasis on the implementation of care flows, virtual health bulletins, Telemonitoring, chatbots, use of applications, and implementation of field hospitals and of basic urgency services within the scope of the Basic Health Units. Hyperjudicialization in the system was identified; as well as weaknesses in information management, intersectoriality and technical-political leadership at the national level; the role of nurses in management positions and for coping with the pandemic. Conclusion: despite the health services’ unpreparedness to face the pandemic, the actors’ resilience promoted dynamism and technical-assistance arrangements in the context of management and humanized care. The study has a potential to contribute to the qualification of the public policy management and development practices.
Resumo Objetivo: descrever os arranjos tecnoassistenciais desenvolvidos no âmbito da gestão do trabalho na rede de atenção à pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo caso único incorporado, com 23 gestores de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Análise aplicada em dois ciclos de codificação temática, com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: os arranjos foram analisados em categorias vinculadas à: atenção à saúde; gestão; incorporação de tecnologias; implantação de hospital de campanha; e análise retrospectiva das experiências como um todo. Houve destaque para a implantação de fluxo de atendimentos, boletins de saúde virtuais, telemonitoramento, chatbots, uso de aplicativos, implantação de hospitais de campanha e da urgência básica no âmbito de Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Identificou-se a hiperjudicialização no sistema; fragilidades na gestão das informações, intersetorialidade e condução técnico-política em âmbito nacional; o protagonismo dos enfermeiros em cargos de gestão e para o enfrentamento da pandemia. Conclusão: apesar do despreparo dos serviços de saúde para o enfrentamento da pandemia, a resiliência dos atores promoveu dinamicidade e arranjos tecnoassistenciais no âmbito da gestão e do cuidado humanizado. O estudo tem potencial contribuição para qualificação das práticas de gestão e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.
Resumen Objetivo: describir los preparativos tecnoasistenciales que se desarrollaron en el ámbito de la gestión del trabajo en la red de atención de la pandemia de COVID-19, desde la perspectiva de los gestores. Método: investigación cualitativa, del tipo caso único incorporado, con 23 gestores de una Red de Atención de Salud. Análisis aplicado en dos ciclos de codificación temática, con ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: los preparativos fueron analizados en categorías relacionadas con: la atención de la salud; la administración; la incorporación de tecnologías; la implementación de un hospital de campaña; y el análisis retrospectivo de las experiencias en general. Se destacaron la implementación del flujo de atención, los boletines virtuales de salud, el telemonitoreo, los chatbots, el uso de aplicaciones, la implementación de hospitales de campaña y emergencias básicas en el ámbito de las Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se identificaron la hiperjudicialización en el sistema; las debilidades en la gestión de la información, la intersectorialidad y conducción técnico-política a nivel nacional; el protagonismo de los enfermeros en cargos de gestión y para hacer frente a la pandemia. Conclusión: a pesar de la falta de preparación de los servicios de salud para enfrentar la pandemia, la resiliencia de los actores promovió el dinamismo y los preparativos tecnoasistenciales en el ámbito de la gestión y de la atención humanizada. El estudio tiene una contribución potencial para la calificación de las prácticas de gestión y el desarrollo de políticas públicas.
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