Provinsi Jambi memiliki 45% permasalahan gigi dan mulut. Permasalahan gigi dan mulut dapat dicegah dengan cara menyikat gigi dua kali sehari menggunakan pasta gigi. Pasta gigi diformulasikan ...menggunakan hidroksiapatit (HAp) yang berasal dari limbah tulang ikan tenggiri yang memiliki unsur utama kalsium. Metode Tulang ikan tenggiri direndam dengan NaOH dan aseton. Selanjutnya dilakukan kalsinasi pada suhu 800°C hingga didapatkan bubuk CaO. Bubuk ini dianalisa dengan XRF untuk mendapatkan oksida logamnya. CaO direaksikan dengan (NH4)2HPO4 dengan mol Ca/P 1,67 kedua larutan dicampurkan dan dipanaskan 90°C selama 1 jam. pH diatur hingga 12 dengan menambahkan NaOH. Selanjutnya dilakukan kalsinasi pada suhu 900°C. Selanjutnya bubuk dianalisa XRD dan SEM. Hidroksiapatit (HAp) diformulasikan menjadi pasta gigi dengan konsentrasi 45%, 50% dan 55%. Pasta gigi dievaluasi organoleptis, homogenitas, ketinggian busa,daya sebar,pH serta hedonik. Hasil analisa XRF didapatkan senyawa CaO sebanyak 49,911 %. Hasil analisa XRD pada mol Ca/P 1.67 didapatkan senyawa hidroksiapatit (HAp) yang sesuai dengan standar ICSD No 96-900-1234. Semua pasta gigi yang diformulasikan memenuhi persyaratan pasta gigi yang baik. Hidroksiapatit (HAp) dapat diformulasikan menjadi pasta gigi dengan konsentrasi yang baik adalah 45%.
Balai Besar Keramik (BBK) telah berhasil mensintesis hidroksiapatit (HA) dari sumber daya alam Indonesia yaitu batu kapur Padalarang dan Cirebon dengan metode presipitasi basah. Berbagai aplikasi ...yang dapat menggunakan hidroksiapatit sintetik ini antara lain: bone china, kandidat bone grafting, tulang cacat femoralis cavia cobaya, implan tulang berbahan komposit Al-HA dan material karbonat hidroksiapatit. HA merupakan bahan yang non fotokatalitik oleh karena itu tidak akan menimbulkan munculnya radikal bebas. Studi ini meneliti aplikasi dan sifat hidroksiapatit BBK sintetis sebagai bahan filter tabir surya baru. Kristalinitas, ukuran kristal dan mineralogi HA sintetik dikarakterisasi dengan XRD. Kemampuan dalam menyerap radiasi sinar UV dianalisis dengan UV-Vis kemudian nilai faktor SPF dihitung secara in vitro menggunakan persamaan Mansur. Dari hasil analisis UV-Vis menunjukkan bahwa hidroksiapatit sintetis BBK memiliki absorbsi pada panjang gelombang 280-410 nm. Dari perhitungan didapatkan nilai SPF sebesar 8,82.
Biyoimplant mühendisliği hasarlı dokuları ve organları onarmak, tamir etmek ya da korumayı amaçlamaktadır. Her yıl çok sayıda insan kaza ya da çeşitli hastalıklardan kaynaklı olan iskelet ...kusurlarındaki kemikleri onarmak/tamir etmek istemektedir. Bu nedenle üzerinde yeni kemik büyümesinin oluşabileceği iskeleleri oluşturabilmek çok farklı biyomalzeme türleri kullanılmıştır. Hidroksiapatit, apatit wollostonit ve karbon temelli biyomalzemeler bu amaçla kullanılmıştır. Karbon nanomateryal baskılı iskeleler ticari olarak ulaşılabilirlik, mekanik stabilite, biyolojik uyumluluk özelliklerinden dolayı kullanımı oldukça yaygın biyomalzeme grubudur. Karbon esaslı iskeleler osteojenikfarklılaşma, kemik doku yenilenmesi, etkili hücre çoğalması özelliği göstermektedir. Kemik iskeleleri doku mühendisliğinde kemik büyümesi, yenilenmesi, tamiri, kemik dokusu hücrelerinde farklılaşma, adhezyon için temel yapı taşı olarak görülmektedir. Kemik iskeleleri gibi hareket eden çok sayıda karbon nanomateryali mevcuttur. Karbon nanotüpler, grafen ve fulleren kemik iskelesi olarak kullanılabilen karbon esaslı malzemelerin başlıcalarıdır. Grafen ve türevleri dikkat çekici fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özelliklere sahip 2D karbon esaslı bir malzemedir. Grafen mükemmel elektriksel iletkenliği, biyouyumluluğu, yüzey alanı ve termal özellikleri yüzünden bilim dünyası tarafından ilgi görmektedir. Grafenin tabakaları yüksek mekanik dirence ve yüksek spesifik yüzey alanına sahiptir. Dahası grafenin kök hücre farklılaşmasını ve biyomateryal özelliklerini geliştirdiği literatürde raporlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada grafenin biyouyumluluk özellikleri, grafenin biyomateryal olarak kullanımına dair son çalışmalar ve karbon temelli maddelerin klinik olarak uygulanabilmesi amacıyla biyogüvenlik tartışmaları incelenmiştir.
The aim of bioimplant technology is to repair, repair or preserve damaged tissues and organs. Every year, many people want to fix/repair bones in skeletal defects caused by accidents or various diseases. For this reason, many different types of biomaterials have been used to create scaffolds on which new bone growth can take place. Hydroxyapatite, apatite-wollostonite, and carbon-based biomaterials have been used for this purpose. Scaffolds printed with carbon nanomaterials are a widely used group of biomaterials because of their commercial availability, mechanical stability, and biocompatibility.Carbon-based scaffolds demonstrate osteogenic differentiation, bone tissue regeneration, and efficient cell proliferation. Bone scaffolds are considered to be the basic building blocks for bone growth, regeneration, repair, differentiation, and adhesion in bone tissue cells in tissue engineering. Many carbon nanomaterials are available that act as skeletons. Carbon nanotubes, graphene, and fullerene are the main carbon-based materials that can be used as skeletons. Graphene and its derivatives are a 2D carbon-based material with remarkable physical, chemical, and biological properties. Graphene is of interest to the scientific community because of its excellent electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, surface area, and thermal properties. Graphene sheets have high mechanical strength and large specific surface area. In addition, it has been reported in the literature that graphene enhances stem cell differentiation and biomaterial properties. The conducted study examined the biocompatibility properties of graphene, current studies on the use of graphene as a biomaterial, and biosafety discussions for the clinical application of carbon-based materials.
Sintesis coralline hydroxyapatite (CHAp) dari koral laut yang umumnya menggunakan metode basah yaitu hidrotermal yang memerlukan suhu dan tekanan tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ...mengkonversi koral laut Goniopora sp. menjadi CHAp dengan metode sonikasi pada suhu rendah. Goniopora sp. dikalsinasi pada suhu 900 °C selama 3 jam, kemudian direaksikan dengan diammonium hidrogen fosfat (NH4)2HPO4 dan mono kalium fosfat (KH2PO4) dengan waktu sonikasi 6 jam sampai 24 jam pada suhu 60 °C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan fase dari koral menjadi CHAp yang dapat dilihat dari identifikasi pola difraksi sinar-X khas dari hidroksiapatit dengan derajat kristalinitas sebesar 66% untuk CHAp dengan waktu sonikasi 24 jam. Spektrum Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) menunjukkan puncak serapan khas dari hidroksiapatit yaitu gugus OH pada 3637 cm-1 sampai dengan 3404 cm-1 fosfat (PO43-) pada 569 cm-1, 603 cm-1, 960 cm-1, dan 1045 cm-1 serta karbonat (CO32-) pada 1456 cm-1 dan 873 cm-1. Carbonated hydroxyapatite yang terbentuk adalah tipe-B. Rasio Ca/P yang dihasilkan untuk CHAp dengan waktu sonikasi 24 jam adalah 1,7.
Pendahuluan: Resin akrilik heat cured (HC) merupakan pilihan utama bahan sebagai basis gigi tiruan. Hidroksiapatit (HAP) adalah molekul kristalin yang sudah banyak digunakan di kedokteran gigi. ...Penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa HAP mampu mengurangi monomer sisa pada resin akrilik HC, yang akan mengurangi juga porositas resin akrilik tersebut. Berkurangnya porositas resin akrilik, diharapkan akan meningkatkan kekuatan mekanik resin akrilik tersebut. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pengaruh penambahan hidroksiapatit terhadap porositas dan compressive strength resin akrilik HC. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratoris. Sampel penelitian 20 resin akrilik HC berbentuk silindris (6x3mm), dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol (tanpa penambahan HAP), kelompok HAP 2%, kelompok HAP 5%, dan kelompok HAP 10%. Permukaan sampel diteliti menggunakan SEM untuk porositasnya. Penghitungan compressive strength sampel menggunakan Universal Testing Machine (load cell 300kg/mm2). Hasil: Uji one-way ANOVA dan Tukey-HSD menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontrol (90±13,5MPa) dengan 5%HAP (105±4,3MPa) dan 10%HAP (113±10,2MPa), begitu pula antara 2%HAP (96±8,4MPa) dengan 10%HAP. Uji SEM menunjukkan tidak adanya reaksi kimia antara HAP dan resin akrilik HC. Tampak pula bercak putih tersebar tidak merata pada permukaan sampel akrilik di kelompok-kelompok perlakuan. Bercak putih ditemukan meningkat sebanding dengan peningkatan konsentrasi HAP, dengan diameter yang semakin besar. Simpulan: Penambahan HAP pada basis resin akrilik HC mampu menurunkan tingkat porositas dan meningkatkan nilai compressive strength. Penurunan tingkat porositas meningkat seiring dengan penambahan HAP. Compressive strength yang paling tinggi didapatkan pada basis resin akrilik heat cured dengan penambahan 10% hidroksiapatit. Kata kunci: Compressive strength, uji SEM, resin akrilik heat cured, hidroksiapatit. ABSTRACT Introduction: Heat-cured acrylic resin has been commonly used as a denture base, whereas hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a crystalline molecule widely used in the field of dentistry. Previous research has been proofed that HAP could reduce the residual monomer of heat-cured acrylic resin, which will reduce the porosity level in advance, so it was expected for better mechanical properties. This research was aimed to analyse the effect of HAP addition towards the porosity level and compressive strength of heat-cured acrylic resin. Methods: An experimental laboratory research was conducted towards 20 cylindrical samples (6 x 3 mm) of heat-cured acrylic resins, which were divided into four groups: Control group (without HAP addition), 2% HAP addition group, 5% HAP addition group, and 10% HAP addition group. Compressive strength was tested using Universal Testing Machine (load cell of 300kg / mm2). Each sample surface porosity was observed using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: One-way ANOVA and Tukey-HSD tests results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between compressive strength in the control group (90 ± 13.5 MPa) compared to 5% (105 ± 4.3 MPa) and 10% HAP addition group (113 ± 10.2 MPa), significant differences were also shown between the 2% (96±8.4MPa) and 10% HAP addition group. SEM imaging showed that there was no chemical reaction between HAP and heat-cured acrylic resin. It showed uneven white spots in acrylic sample’s surface in all treatment groups. Those white spots were likely to be found more in the higher concentration of HAP, so did the diameter of white spots was also found more in the higher concentration. Conclusion: The addition of hydroxyapatite to the base of heat-cured acrylic resin can reduce the level of porosity and increase the compressive strength value. The decrease in the porosity level increases with the addition of hydroxyapatite. The highest compressive strength is obtained with the addition of 10% hydroxyapatite. Keywords: Compressive strength, SEM imaging, heat-cured acrylic resin, hydroxyapatite.
This paper describes an optimization procedure for the adsorption of arsenite ions from wastewater using the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The adsorbent is based on hydroxy apatite, ...a natural material obtained from carp (Cyprinus carpio) scales. The input parameters were the influence of pH, the temperature, the initial concentration and reaction time of arsenite adsorption while the adsorption capacity and the arsenite removal percentage were studied as the output parameters. / В данной статье описана процедура оптимизации адсорбции ионов арсенита из сточных вод с использованием адаптивной нейронечеткой логической системы (ANFIS). В основе адсорбента лежит природный гидроксиапатитный материал, полученный из чешуи карпа (Cyprinus carpio). В качестве параметров ввода использовались влияние pH, температуры, начальной концентрации и времени реакции на адсорбцию арсенита, а в качестве выходных параметров были исследованы адсорбционная емкость и процент удаления арсенита. / U radu se opisuje postupak optimizacije adsorpcije arsenitnih jona iz otpadnih voda korišćenjem adaptivnog neuro-fazi sistema (ANFIS). U osnovi adsorbenta nalazi se prirodni hidroksi-apatitni materijal dobijen iz krljušti šarana (Cyprinus carpio). Kao ulazni parametri korišćeni su uticaj pH, temperature, početne koncentracije i vremena adsorpcije arsenita, a kao izlazni parametri ispitivani su adsorpcioni kapacitet i procenat uklanjanja arsenita.
Priprava 3D poroznih nosača za inženjerstvo koštanog tkiva Ivanković, Marica; Bauer, Leonard; Ressler, Antonia ...
Kemija u industriji; časopis kemičara i tehnologa Jugoslavije,
10/2019, Letnik:
68, Številka:
9-10 (special issue)
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Inženjerstvo koštanog tkiva brzorastuće je polje istraživanja usmjereno na razvoj bioaktivnih 3D poroznih nosača, kao privremenih izvanstaničnih matrica, koji podržavaju prianjanje, umnažanje i ...diferencijaciju stanica te potiču stvaranje koštanog tkiva in vivo. Više od deset godina istraživanja naše grupe posvećena su razvoju novih materijala i postupaka za pripravu 3D poroznih nosača za inženjerstvo koštanog tkiva. Kao mogući nosači istraživani su porozni skeleti morskih organizama te kompozitni materijali i hidrogelovi na temelju biorazgradljivih polimera i bioresorbirajuće hidroksiapatitne keramike. U ovom radu dan je prikaz naših istraživanja i glavnih postignuća, objavljenih u međunarodnim znanstvenim publikacijama.
Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna .
PDF
