Abstract
Located in the Lushunkou District of Dalian, Liaoning Province, the Taiyanggou Historic District is one of the most well-preserved modern historic districts in China, with the most surviving ...historic heritages. The area is home to a large number of cultural heritages, ranging from national to district level, as well as a large number of modern historic buildings that are not on the conservation list, which have immeasurable historical and cultural value. This District is reputed as an “open-air architectural exposition”. However, as Lushun is a military port city, most of the area is under the jurisdiction of the army, and the government and the army have multiple administrations that do not form a unified combination, making it difficult to implement conservation and development in the Taiyanggou Historic District. Eventually, this leads to problems of stagnant development, environmental degradation, population loss, population aging and a gradual decline in the vitality of the district. Therefore, how to reshape the vitality of the district and promote its long-term development while preserving its original historical appearance to the greatest extent has become an urgent problem to be solved. The paper began with an in-depth interpretation of the connotation of “vitality” and “vitality improvement” in historic districts through previous studies. The five major components of the vitality of historic districts were summarized as physical space vitality, social vitality, cultural vitality, economic vitality and political vitality. Subsequently, from these five aspects, the elements of vitality of the Taiyanggou Historic District were extracted and summarized, and the problems of its current decline in vitality were analyzed. Finally, using the problem-oriented and goal-oriented research ideas, a targeted approach was adopted to explore strategies to improve the vitality and get out of its current development dilemma, with a view to shedding light on the conservation and renewal of Taiyanggou Historic District.
Developed democracies are settling an increased number of refugees, many of whom face challenges integrating into host societies. We developed a flexible data-driven algorithm that assigns refugees ...across resettlement locations to improve integration outcomes. The algorithm uses a combination of supervised machine learning and optimal matching to discover and leverage synergies between refugee characteristics and resettlement sites. The algorithm was tested on historical registry data from two countries with different assignment regimes and refugee populations, the United States and Switzerland. Our approach led to gains of roughly 40 to 70%, on average, in refugees' employment outcomes relative to current assignment practices. This approach can provide governments with a practical and cost-efficient policy tool that can be immediately implemented within existing institutional structures.
Abstract
Improving the energy efficiency of buildings is one of the main strategies to reach the European target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As most of the future building stock is already ...built, retrofitting existing buildings will play a significant role in reaching this goal. In Norway, buildings that undergo full retrofitting must fulfil the same energy efficiency requirements as new buildings. This is challenging, especially in the case of historic buildings. Improvements should not damage or change the existing structure. As it is often challenging to retrofit historic buildings, this paper aims to provide practical guidelines for building envelope retrofitting as well as identify key points that need to be taken into consideration in the design phase. First, retrofitting measures recommended in historic case study buildings in Norway are analyzed. Second, an overview of typical challenges for retrofitting historic buildings is given. These are identified from literature review and from experiences during the design phase. Interviews with public building owners, contractors, consultants and architects were conducted to discuss challenges from different perspectives. Finally, findings from the literature, interviews and case studies are discussed to identify similarities.
In Renaissance Rome, ancient ruins were preserved as often as they were mined for their materials. Although the question of what to preserve and how continued to be subject to debate, preservation ...acquired renewed force and urgency as the new papal capital rose upon the ruins of the ancient city. Preservation practices became more focused and effective in Renaissance Rome than ever before. This book offers a new interpretation of the ongoing life of ancient buildings within the expanding early modern city. While historians and archaeologists have long affirmed that early modern builders disregarded the protection of antiquity, this study provides the first systematic analysis of preservation problems as perceived by the Renaissance popes, the civic magistrates, and ordinary citizens. Drawing on new evidence, this compelling study explores how civic officials balanced the defense of specific sites against the pressing demands imposed by population growth, circulation, and notions of urban decorum. Above all, the preservation of antiquity remained an indispensable tool to advance competing political agendas in the papal capital. A broad range of preservation policies and practices are examined at the half-ruined Colosseum, the intact Pantheon, and the little-known but essential Renaissance bridge known as the Ponte Santa Maria. Rome has always incorporated change in light of its glorious past as well as in the more pragmatic context of contemporary development. This investigation not only reveals the complexity of preservation as a contested practice, but also challenges us to rethink the way people in the past understood history itself.
Wind farm power optimization through wake steering Howland, Michael F.; Lele, Sanjiva K.; Dabiri, John O.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS,
07/2019, Letnik:
116, Številka:
29
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Global power production increasingly relies on wind farms to supply low-carbon energy. The recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report predicted that renewable energy ...production must leap from 20% of the global energy mix in 2018 to 67% by 2050 to keep global temperatures from rising 1:5 °C above preindustrial levels. This increase requires reliable, low-cost energy production. However, wind turbines are often placed in close proximity within wind farms due to land and transmission line constraints, which results in wind farm efficiency degradation of up to 40% for wind directions aligned with columns of turbines. To increase wind farm power production, we developed a wake steering control scheme. This approach maximizes the power of a wind farm through yaw misalignment that deflects wakes away from downstream turbines. Optimization was performed with site-specific analytic gradient ascent relying on historical operational data. The protocol was tested in an operational wind farm in Alberta, Canada, resulting in statistically significant (P <0:05) power increases of 7–13% for wind speeds near the site average and wind directions which occur during less than 10% of nocturnal operation and 28–47% for low wind speeds in the same wind directions. Wake steering also decreased the variability in the power production of the wind farm by up to 72%. Although the resulting gains in annual energy production were insignificant at this farm, these statistically significant wake steering results demonstrate the potential to increase the efficiency and predictability of power production through the reduction of wake losses.
Abstract
Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage and protection of abandoned buildings is possible using new technologies in order to create a knowledge base to maintain the original ...condition of buildings as long as possible. This paper presents the digital geometric survey, combining photogrammetry and photogrammetry with drone for the documentation of a building located in the
Riviera Romagnola
. The fundamental task to survey historic buildings, in order to document their geometric and morphological features with very high accuracy, becomes an important incentive for the use of innovative hybrid approach. The building case study is the
Woodpecker
nightclub built in 1966 and abandoned in 1970 due to a fire that devastated the structure.
Prediction of solar irradiance is essential for minimizing energy costs and providing high power quality in electrical power grids with distributed solar photovoltaic generations. However, for ...residential and small commercial users deploying on-site photovoltaic generations, the historical irradiance data can not be obtained directly because of expensive solar irradiance meters. Thanks to increasingly improved weather forecasting service provided by local meteorological organizations, weather forecasting data such as temperature, dew point, humidity, visibility, wind speed and descriptive weather summary, are becoming readily available through the Internet, while the irradiance forecasting data are often unavailable. This paper proposes a novel solar prediction scheme for hourly day-ahead solar irradiance prediction by using the weather forecasting data. This study formulates the prediction problem as a structured output prediction problem jointly predicting multiple outputs simultaneously. The proposed prediction model is trained by using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks taking into account the dependence between consecutive hours of the same day. We compare persistence algorithm, linear least square regression and multilayered feedforward neural networks using backpropagation algorithm (BPNN) for solar irradiance prediction. The experimental results on a dataset collected in island of Santiago, Cape Verde, demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms these competitive algorithms for single output prediction. The proposed algorithm is %18.34 more accurate than BPNN in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) by using about 2 years training data to predict half-year testing data. Moreover, compared with BPNN, the proposed algorithm also shows less overfitting and better generalization capability. For a case using 10 years of historical data to predict 1 year of irradiance data, the prediction RMSE using the proposed LSTM algorithm decreases by 42.9% against BPNN.
•Weather forecasting data are used as input variables for irradiance prediction.•The prediction problem is formulated as a structured output prediction problem.•LSTM is applied to prediction of solar irradiance.
In recognition of this event, for each of the past three years, the Manitoba Historical Society has released a top-ten list of endangered historic structures around our province. Valleyview ...Building-Built between 1920 and 1924, this three-storey brick building on Brandon's North Hill enabled a new approach to the treatment of mental illness that embraced the goal of eventually discharging patients back into the community. MS River Rouge-Built in 1967 at Selkirk by the Purvis Boat Company, at a cost of $500,000, this 400-passenger ship provided three-hour cruises along the Red River.
Abstract Nowadays, the pace of physical development in various regions in Indonesia is very fast. However, there are important aspects that need to be studied in more depth related to development ...problems that destroy cultural heritage buildings. Cultural heritage buildings are an important aspect that stores memories of the past as national identity and a source of learning. The destruction of cultural heritage buildings for development reasons also occurred in Pemalang Regency. Therefore, this study aims to construct the concept of a cultural heritage-friendly area and its benefits as an educational space and creative economy in Pemalang Regency. The method used was a qualitative method by reviewing written sources and making observations at the research location. In addition, a historical approach was used to look at the history of cultural heritage buildings, a tourism management approach to develop strategies for developing cultural heritage and an educational approach to look at the educational values contained in cultural heritage buildings. This research had three research questions, namely (1) What is the condition of historical buildings or cultural heritage in Pemalang Regency?; (2) What is the concept for building cultural heritage-friendly areas? This research showed that the condition of the cultural heritage buildings in Pemalang Regency is mostly in a state of disrepair, even disappearing because they were torn down. Physical revitalization of cultural heritage is considered not optimal. The concept of developing cultural heritage with the emphasis on the concept of value, the concept of integration, and synergy is the right choice to be implemented in Pemalang Regency.