This article provides a systematized and analytically concise collection of 100 innovations that were not specifically invented for tourism but nevertheless affected tourism to a significant extent. ...The article is a contribution to tourism history, and it introduces a new facet of tourism innovation research. Scientific and technological progress facilitates the development of tourism, but often with some delay. The trickling down depends on institutional changes and absorptive capacity in the tourism sector. The impacts contributed mainly to the social and physical efficacy of tourists, including reduction of risks and improved mobility and accessibility. Innovations also laid the ground for entirely new touristic experiences. Numerous innovations were implemented to increase the productivity and performance of tourism enterprises. The article provides examples of innovations that led to the opening of new destinations. Institutional and informational innovations proliferated into critical modernization. A deeper comprehension of dissemination patterns can be useful toward future tourism innovation policies.
The paper highlights and analyzes the main stages of tourist development of the Chornohora massif of the Ukrainian Carpathians since the middle of the 19th century up to this day. It also describes ...the first tourist shelters created within the boundaries of Chornohora and the tourist associateons that contributed to the appearance of the first tourist infrastructure.
The paper highlights and analyzes the main stages of tourist development of the Chornohora massif of the Ukrainian Carpathians since the middle of the 19th century up to this day. It also describes ...the first tourist shelters created within the boundaries of Chornohora and the tourist associateons that contributed to the appearance of the first tourist infrastructure.
A sweeping social and environmental history, The Riviera, Exposed illuminates the profound changes to the physical space that we know as the quintessential European tourist destination. Stephen L. ...Harp uncovers the behind-the-scenes impact of tourism following World War II, both on the environment and on the people living and working on the Riviera, particularly North African laborers, who not only did much of the literal rebuilding of the Riviera but also suffered in that process. Outside of Paris, the Riviera has been the most visited region in France, depending almost exclusively on tourism as its economic lifeline. Until recently, we knew a great deal about the tourists but much less about the social and environmental impacts of their activities or about the life stories of the North African workers upon whom the Riviera's prosperity rests. The technologies embedded in roads, airports, hotels, water lines, sewers, beaches, and marinas all required human intervention—and travelers were encouraged to disregard this intervention. Harp's sharp analysis explores the impacts of massive construction and public works projects, revealing the invisible infrastructure of tourism, its environmental effects, and the immigrants who built the Riviera. The Riviera, Exposed unearths a gritty history, one of human labor and ecological degradation that forms the true foundation of the glamorous Riviera of tourist mythology.
The identification of many places as centres of designer shopping has in recent decades favoured a number of Italian destinations for which this aspect has become a promotional feature similar to ...art, landscape and food. In Campania, this phenomenon has developed particularly in Capri, Ischia and Positano, wherein the mid-twentieth century, thanks to the initiative of local craftsmen or cunning outsiders, tailor’s shops, boutiques and workshops were set up in response to customers’ demand for clothes and accessories suited to holiday life. Thus, for different reasons and in different ways, resort fashion has taken off here, a thriving national production sector, characterised by accents strongly related to the ‘knowledge’, rituals and climate of these special places. The combination of the intangible qualities which characterised the garments and the craft traditions of the localities gave rise to artefacts capable of responding to the search for new emotional sensations that belonged to the steadily increasing number of tourists, which was satisfied by environments and lifestyles that were completely different from their usual ones. This process found a decisive conjuncture in the fact that in the middle of the century fashion joined tourism and cinema to bring Italy out of the post-war crisis. And in Campania, in particular, manufacturing and cultural conditions, folklore and the rich natural heritage of the coasts were some of the main drivers of this project, favoured in this sense in Capri and Positano by ideal landscape conditions for conveying the results of the most authentic creativity.
A dense network of registers and albums existed in Chamonix, making it one of the most exemplary sites of nineteenth-century visitors' book culture. A significant number of these books have survived, ...enabling us to better understand the functions they served, and how they fit into the wider history of Chamonix's development. This was among other things a history of ordering, as the article shows in regard to the valley's historiography and to the development of its infrastructure. Focusing on travelogues and on several visitors' books and registers, the article examines how these books participated in these ordering processes.
The purpose of the study is to research the system of tourist routes of the Wilno Voivodeship in the 1920s and 1930s. To convey the intended study, historical-type methodology was applied. In the ...1920s and 1930s, a large number of tourist routes were developed in the Wilno Voivodeship, both for hiking and for trips favouring road, rail or water transport. These routes were quite diverse in subject matter and could satisfy a variety of tourist requests in organizing recreation: visiting historical and cultural heritage sites, relaxing on the shores of numerous water reservoirs, as well as rafting on large and small rivers of the region or walks and trips along them by river transport. Finally, based on the analysis of the available primary sources issued in the covered period, it could be stated that the 1920s and 1930s may be treated as a turning point in the development of tourism in the Wilno Voivodeship, at least in terms of the number and variety of tourist routes then functioning in the region. The presented study may constitute useful material for any further research devoted to the history of tourism in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus.
