Custo de bombas centrífugas funcionando como turbinas em microcentrais hidrelétricas Balarim, Carlos R.(UEPG-PR Departamento de Engenharia Civil); Targa, Luiz A.(Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Engenharia Rural); Virgens Filho, Jorim S.(UEPG-PR Departamento de Informática) ...
Engenharia agrícola,
2004, Letnik:
24, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A implantação de microcentrais hidrelétricas é uma das alternativas para suprir com energia comunidades pequenas e isoladas, situadas normalmente na área rural. O aproveitamento de potenciais ...hidráulicos de pequeno porte é uma alternativa cada vez mais viável devido não só à falta de recursos financeiros para os grandes empreendimentos, mas também pelo imenso potencial de geração em centrais de pequeno porte, que pouco tem sido aproveitado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de apresentar uma metodologia simples de engenharia para estimar o custo das Bombas Funcionando como Turbinas (BFTs) utilizadas em microcentrais hidrelétricas, que possam ser usadas em estudos preliminares de novos aproveitamentos hidrelétricos, sem uma investigação detalhada dos lugares onde se pretende implantar. Os custos foram obtidos consultando-se diretamente os fabricantes de equipamentos e o mercado da praça de Ponta Grossa - PR. Os resultados mostraram que, para as microcentrais hidrelétricas, sempre que os custos constituírem o aspecto dominante, e para potências até 50 kW, a opção por Bombas Funcionando como Turbinas (BFTs) deve ser considerada em lugar das turbinas hidráulicas.
The implantation of micro hydroelectric power stations is one of the alternatives to supply energy to small and isolated communities, normally located in rural areas. The use of small load hydraulic potential is an alternative more feasible nowadays, not only because it lacks financial resources for big undertakings, but also, due to the small hydro power station hydraulic generation potential, which just a very small part has been taken advantage of. The objective of this study was to show a simple engineering methodology in order to estimate the electro-mechanic (generating set) equipment costs used in micro hydroelectric power plants, which can be applied on preliminary studies about new hydroelectric power stations to be built, without detailed investigation about the places where they should be implanted. Pumps As Turbines (PAT) have been studied. These equipment costs were obtained by consulting directly the manufacturers, and also the Ponta Grossa - PR city, Brazil, market. The results have shown that, concerning the micro hydroelectric power plants, whenever the costs constitute the major aspect and always considering units until 50 kW power, the option to PAT must be considered instead of hydraulic turbines.
It is known that hydroelectric micro-generation (MicroCHE) plays an important role in the development of rural and non-interconnected areas to the National Energy System (ZNI). Satisfying electric ...power requirements find high possibilities as well as hydro-power resources are used in small scale, which are characterized to have a positive environmental impact, forcing to preserve the hydro-resources, besides they are compatible with potable water supplies and other applications. However, equipments for MicroCHE are usually imported and their rating values are not coincident with current necessities of head and water flow from the chosen place. This implementation provides an inefficient and expensive solution. For this reason, an alternative choice , in the environment of MicroCHE, is the application of a centrifuge pump as a turbine, which advantages are industrial serial production, ability to provide a wide range of equipment for heads and water flowpsilas specifications. This solution uses national technology, characterized by its low cost per kilowatt installed. But its implementation requires methods validated in laboratory in order to further application. A research carried out in the laboratory of Small Hydroelectric Power Plant of the School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering - EIEE (University of the Valley), applied to the use of centrifuge pumps as turbines, allowed to validate methods proposed by different schools and authors experimentally. The analysis of the obtained results indicates that additionally it is important to keep in mind the relationship among the inner and outer pumppsilas diameters. This implies that in addition to the qualitative and quantitative parameters to select a pump to operate as a turbine, it should be kept in mind other aspects, explained in this paper.
