AimElectronic Records in Ambulances (ERA) is a two-year study examining the opportunities and challenges of prehospital implementation of electronic patient clinical records (ePCR) in the UK. ...National policy encourages digitisation of health services,1 but this transition may not be straightforward.2 MethodA telephone survey of progress implementing ePCR in all 13 UK ambulance services explored systems, implementation processes, perceived value and future plans. Interviews with information managers were thematically analysed. Case studies in four UK ambulance services involved observing clinical work, focus groups with ambulance clinicians, interviews with key stakeholders and analysis of routine data.ResultsBaseline survey: 7/13 services were using ePCR, with mixed compliance from staff. Reported benefits concerned improved data access for audit. Of the 6/13 services currently using paper records, four had previously adopted ePCR, but reverted. Case studies: Initial findings suggest some common themes:Constant change: 3/4 services were already undertaking or considering transition to a second generation system; 1/4 was undertaking a phased rollout of ePCR.Digital diversity: no standard hardware or software in use.Indirect input: patient data was still sometimes transferred to the ePCR from another source (eg writing on a glove) or entered retrospectively.Data dump: ePCRs acted mainly as a store, rather than transferring information to other care providers or supporting decision making.ConclusionAlthough ePCRs offer opportunities to support prehospital care, the transition to the new technology is neither linear nor co-ordinated, with full benefits not yet realised in terms of integration and data sharing.References. Wachter RM. Making IT work: Harnessing the power of health information technology to improve care in England2016. Report of the National Advisory Group on Health Information Technology in England.. Greenhalgh, Potts H, Wong G, Bark P, Swinglehurst D. Tensions and paradoxes in electronic patient record research: A systematic literature review using the meta-narrative method. Milbank Quarterly2009;87(4):729–788.Conflict of interestNoneFundingUK National Institute for Health Research.
El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el análisis de dos políticas de inclusión digital desplegadas en el estado de Oaxaca, México, en el período 2013-2018. Estas políticas son los sitios ...públicos de conectividad del Programa México Conectado y el Centro de Inclusión Digital (CID), orientado al desarrollo de habilidades digitales. En ambos casos, los resultados muestran divergencias significativas respecto a los objetivos de las políticas. En los sitios públicos la disponibilidad de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y el acceso a internet son deficientes; mientras que el CID cuenta con equipamiento y personal capacitado para impulsar el desarrollo de habilidades digitales, aunque su contribución es marginal debido a la poca cobertura que provee.
The purpose of this article is to propose a fruitful analytical framework for data supposedly related to the concept of the so-called "digital divide." The extent and the nature of this divide depend ...on the kind of access defined. Considering the possession of hardware, growing divides among different categories of income, employment, education, age, and ethnicity can be proved to have existed in the 1980s and 1990s according to official American and Dutch statistics. If only by effects of saturation, these gaps will more or less close. However, it is shown that differential access of skills and usage is likely to increase. The growth of a usage gap is projected. Multivariate analyses of Dutch official statistics reveal the striking effect of age and gender as compared to education. The usage gap is related to the evolution of the information and network society. Finally, policy perspectives are discussed.
This book is Open Access under a CC BY licence. The LNCS 11427 and 11428 proceedings set constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction ...and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2019, which took place in Prague, Czech Republic, in April 2019, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2019. The total of 42 full and 8 short tool demo papers presented in these volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: SAT and SMT, SAT solving and theorem proving; verification and analysis; model checking; tool demo; and machine learning. Part II: concurrent and distributed systems; monitoring and runtime verification; hybrid and stochastic systems; synthesis; symbolic verification; and safety and fault-tolerant systems.
The article analyzes how Industry 4.0 triggers changes in the business models of manufacturing SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises), by conducting a qualitative research with a sample of 68 ...German SMEs from three industries (automotive suppliers, mechanical and plant engineering, as well as electrical engineering and ICT). As SMEs play an essential role in industrial value creation, the article examines significant, yet at present understudied implications of Industry 4.0 along industrial value chains. First, the results show that Industry 4.0 encompasses three dimensions, namely high-grade digitization of processes, smart manufacturing, and inter-company connectivity. Second, the article shows how Industry 4.0 affects the three business model elements of manufacturing SMEs – value creation, value capture, and value offer – by giving specific examples for business model innovation in each of the three elements. Third, it shows that both the role as a user and/or provider of Industry 4.0 and whether a company is internally motivated and/or externally pressured towards implementation have an impact on which business model elements are innovated. Fourth, the study delineates four SME categories, designed to help managers to evaluate their own company's positioning towards Industry 4.0: craft manufacturers, preliminary stage planners, Industry 4.0 users, and full-scale adopters.
Article classification: multiple case study.
•The article shows how Industry 4.0 impacts manufacturing SMEs' business models.•Empirical evidence drawn from 68 German SMEs.•Examines automotive, mechanical and electrical engineering as well as ICT companies.•Implementation motives and implications shown for Industry 4.0 users and providers.•Presents four implementation stages of Industry 4.0 within SMEs.
Abstract
In the past, the structure of traditional firewalls was similar to that of checkpoints, and the design structure was relatively simple. At the same time, it is also convenient for subsequent ...maintenance. As an isolation technology, it can be accessed by people with consistent identity information. But for some relatively high-level data information, using traditional firewalls, foreign intruders can easily obtain relevant information. This article chooses to use the working mechanism of network information technology, and then analyzes the hardware structure of the firewall based on the IPX2400 processor. Finally, a preliminary design of a firewall system for the communications department based on the IPX2400 processor is implemented, and its packet filtering function is realized.
Information Technology capabilities are organizational skills which enable the IT function deliver value to the various activities of the company. This paper aims to analyze how some important IT ...capabilities such as internal relationship and technical skills were built during the design, implementation and dissemination of an integrated management system in a Brazilian public University, between the years 2004 and 2009. It was developed a cognitive map based on SODA methodology, identifying those feedback loops relevant in this context. It was possible to understand the whole process through a map categorization, which showed: how the integrated systems were designed based on the top management vision; the process of scope stretching which led to the development of new modules based on users participation; its widespread adoption based on the institution credibility; the learning mechanisms performed by IT; and the organizational adjustments in the IT group which were necessary to maintain the development of technical capabilities and internal relationship. Based on interviews with actors involved, it was possible to identify these relevant mechanisms responsible for the lifecycle of IT capabilities: creation, development and stability. The analysis of this successful case can shed some light over the process of capabilities creation process.
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