The interdisciplinary knowledge integration has become a typical feature in the development of modern science, which has promoted the production of original scientific achievements and major ...breakthroughs. The interdisciplinary network describes the knowledge transmission between disciplines, and the colored motif is the repeated subgraph in the network, reflecting the basic pattern of interdisciplinary. By assigning different colors to the nodes in the network, this paper introduces the analysis method of colored motifs into interdisciplinary research to explain the formation and evolution mechanism of interdisciplinary network at the meso-scale. We collected a set of datasets from the core database of Web of Science that contains 27,546 articles related to Perovskite Materials published from 2001 to 2021. After constructing interdisciplinary citation network, we further color network nodes according to their different discipline properties, and analyze evolution characteristics of uncolored and colored network motifs. By statistically analyzing the number of published papers and the proportion of interdisciplinary papers, our results show that the interdisciplinary evolution of Perovskite Materials is divided into two stages: the budding period from 2001 to 2014 and the developing period from 2015 to 2021, where the former stage is featured by knowledge integration, and the latter is dominated by knowledge diffusion. After analyzing colored network motifs, we find that increasing disciplinary categories and citations to different disciplinary knowledge will increase disciplinary diversity, but have a significant negative impact on disciplinary cohesion at the same time, where the former can exert greater influence. In addition, with the expansion of interdisciplinary breadth and reduction of disciplinary diffusion, hub nodes are conductive to emerge, thereby enhancing the cohesion of disciplines.
There is a pressing need to redesign health professions education and integrate an interprofessional and systems approach into training. At the core of interprofessional education (IPE) are creating ...training synergies across healthcare professions and equipping learners with the collaborative skills required for today's complex healthcare environment. Educators are increasingly experimenting with new IPE models, but best practices for translating IPE into interprofessional practice and team-based care are not well defined. Our study explores current IPE models to identify emerging trends in strategies reported in published studies. We report key characteristics of 83 studies that report IPE activities between 2005 and 2010, including those utilizing qualitative, quantitative and mixed method research approaches. We found a wide array of IPE models and educational components. Although most studies reported outcomes in student learning about professional roles, team communication and general satisfaction with IPE activities, our review identified inconsistencies and shortcomings in how IPE activities are conceptualized, implemented, assessed and reported. Clearer specifications of minimal reporting requirements are useful for developing and testing IPE models that can inform and facilitate successful translation of IPE best practices into academic and clinical practice arenas.
The golden age of social science Buyalskaya, Anastasia; Gallo, Marcos; Camerer, Colin F
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS,
02/2021, Letnik:
118, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Social science is entering a golden age, marked by the confluence of explosive growth in new data and analytic methods, interdisciplinary approaches, and a recognition that these ingredients are ...necessary to solve the more challenging problems facing our world. We discuss how developing a "lingua franca" can encourage more interdisciplinary research, providing two case studies (social networks and behavioral economics) to illustrate this theme. Several exemplar studies from the past 12 y are also provided. We conclude by addressing the challenges that accompany these positive trends, such as career incentives and the search for unifying frameworks, and associated best practices that can be employed in response.
Les plantes médicinales, appelées yuyos en espagnol et Pohã Ñana en guarani, qui accompagnent une boisson froide (le tereré) en été et une boisson chaude (le maté) en hiver, remplissent les étals au ...Paraguay et font l’objet d’exaltations nationales. Des marchés jusqu’aux terres d’extraction, en passant par le domicile familial, Marie Vesco retrace la trajectoire des yuyos pour mettre en relief le quotidien et le travail des femmes et des hommes qui les collectent et les vendent au Paraguay. Dans ce livre d’anthropologie du travail reposant sur une longue enquête de terrain, l’autrice suit la piste des plantes pour retrouver celle des humains.
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) address multifaceted problems that lie at the intersection between natural and socio-economic systems. While scholars agree that interdisciplinary research is ...needed to advance the SDGs, the concept of interdisciplinarity itself has been given limited attention. This article explores the interdisciplinarity of research published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism using references cited by the journal's articles. We use structural topic modeling to analyze research trends. The findings suggest that the research has become more interdisciplinary, however, knowledge is defined primarily by tourism studies and the business management discipline. To advance the SDGs, researchers should engage with disciplines such as anthropology and the humanities that can bring critical issues such as power relations and socio-cultural values to the forefront of sustainability discourses. Research should also conceptualize the SDGs as a network of targets to facilitate the integration of sustainable tourism outcomes with broader development goals.
Objective. To summarize findings from a systematic exploration of existing literature and views regarding interdisciplinarity, to discuss themes and components of such work, and to propose a ...theoretically based definition of interdisciplinary research.
Data Sources/Study Setting. Two major data sources were used: interviews with researchers from various disciplines, and a systematic review of the education, business, and health care literature from January 1980 through January 2005.
Study Design. Systematic review of literature, one‐on‐one interviews, field test (survey).
Data Collection/Extraction Methods. We reviewed 14 definitions of interdisciplinarity, the characteristics of 42 interdisciplinary research publications from multiple fields of study, and 14 researcher interviews to arrive at a preliminary definition of interdisciplinary research. That definition was then field tested by 12 individuals with interdisciplinary research experience, and their responses incorporated into the definition of interdisciplinary research proposed in this paper.
Principal Findings. Three key definitional characteristics were identified: the qualitative mode of research (and its theoretical underpinnings), existence of a continuum of synthesis among disciplines, and the desired outcome of the interdisciplinary research.
Conclusion. Existing literature from several fields did not provide a definition for interdisciplinary research of sufficient specificity to facilitate activities such as identification of the competencies, structure, and resources needed for health care and health policy research. This analysis led to the proposed definition, which is designed to aid decision makers in funding agencies/program committees and researchers to identify and take full advantage the interdisciplinary approach, and to serve as a basis for competency‐based formalized training to provide researchers with interdisciplinary skills.
Organizing for interdisciplinary research must overcome two challenges to collaboration: the cognitive incommensurability of knowledge and the political economy of research based in the disciplines. ...Researchers may not engage in interdisciplinarity because they would have to invest in new knowledge unrelated to their discipline or risk losing career-related rewards. Our field study of a university interdisciplinary research center shows that boundary spanning occurred as students interacted with scientific instruments in a symbiotic relationship through what we call symbiont practices: matching disciplinary language and methods with the experimental possibilities of instruments, developing cospecialization between students and instruments, and engaging disciplinary actors to design experiments using instruments. Instruments engendered incipient interdisciplinary possibilities, but they required the students—engaging in symbiont practices—to actualize that potential. Simultaneously, students required instruments in order to be classified, staffed on projects, and placed in jobs. These practices resolved both the cognitive and economic challenges of boundary spanning by mobilizing material resources that were costly (cognitively and politically) for actors on either side of the disciplinary divide to engage. In conceptualizing interdisciplinary research as occurring through symbiont practices, we develop a sociomaterial perspective on boundary spanning.
Specific learning disabilities (SLDs) are highly relevant to the science and practice of psychology, both historically and currently, exemplifying the integration of interdisciplinary approaches to ...human conditions. They can be manifested as primary conditions-as difficulties in acquiring specific academic skills-or as secondary conditions, comorbid to other developmental disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this synthesis of historical and contemporary trends in research and practice, we mark the 50th anniversary of the recognition of SLDs as a disability in the United States. Specifically, we address the manifestations, occurrence, identification, comorbidity, etiology, and treatment of SLDs, emphasizing the integration of information from the interdisciplinary fields of psychology, education, psychiatry, genetics, and cognitive neuroscience. SLDs, exemplified here by specific word reading, reading comprehension, mathematics, and written expression disabilities, represent spectrum disorders, each occurring in approximately 5% to 15% of the school-aged population. In addition to risk for academic deficiencies and related functional social, emotional, and behavioral difficulties, those with SLDs often have poorer long-term social and vocational outcomes. Given the high rate of occurrence of SLDs and their lifelong negative impact on functioning if not treated, it is important to establish and maintain effective prevention, surveillance, and treatment systems involving professionals from various disciplines trained to minimize the risk and maximize the protective factors for SLDs.
Many plea for a better integration of social sciences in energy research, which would imply more comprehensive interdisciplinary energy research. We argue that in order to achieve this, institutional ...barriers and research challenges need to be recognised and addressed. We identify six challenges and barriers, and provide recommendations for working towards solutions. We conclude that to engage in interdisciplinary research implies extra costs and fewer rewards for all researchers, particularly early and mid-career academics. We propose a new conceptualisation of practices and incentive structures among academic institutions, funding agencies, and publication outlets, and urge all energy researchers to join this debate.
•Interdisciplinary energy research currently does not reach its full potential.•Social sciences are underutilised in energy research.•Barriers and challenges need to be addressed to stimulate interdisciplinary energy research.•High costs and small rewards for interdisciplinary (early and mid-career) researchers.
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