Getting Culture Gurung, Regan A. R; Prieto, Loreto R
2009, 2023-07-03
eBook
How do we educate our students about cultural diversity and cultural differences, and eliminate cultural ignorance, stereotyping, and prejudice? What are the conceptual issues involved in reaching ...this goal? How can we integrate these perspectives in disciplinary and diversity courses, and the curriculum? This book is a resource for answering these questions. Within the framework of current scholarship and discussion of essential concepts, it offers practical techniques, and empirically proven "best practices" for teaching about diversity. The book opens with a conceptual framework, covering such issues as distinguishing teaching to a diverse audience from teaching about diversity and contrasting the incorporation of culture across the curriculum with tokenistic approaches. Subsequent chapters identify classroom practices that can optimize students' learning, especially those from culturally diverse backgrounds; describe feminist principles of education that that promote learning for all students; and address principles of effective on-line instruction for diverse populations. The book is intended for faculty integrating diversity into existing courses, and for anyone creating courses on diversity. The ideas and suggestions in the text can be incorporated into any class that includes a discussion of diversity issues or has a diverse student enrollment. The contributors offer pragmatic and tested ways of overcoming student misconceptions and resistance, and for managing emotional responses that can be aroused by the discussion of diversity. The editors aim to stimulate readers' thinking and inspire fresh ideas. The book further provides teachers of diversity with a range of effective exercises, and attends to such issues as teacher stress and burnout. This book can also serve to inform and guide department chairs and other administrators in the design and implementation of diversity initiatives.
Co-published with In 2007, the American Association of Colleges and Universities named learning communities a high-impact practice because of the potential of these communities to provide coherence ...to and ultimately improve undergraduate education. Institutional leaders have demonstrated a commitment to providing LLCs, but they currently do so primarily with anecdotal information to guide their work. As a result, there is substantial variation in organizational structure, collaboration, academic and social environments, programmatic integration, student outcomes, and overall quality related to LLC participation. To establish a stronger, more unified basis for designing and delivering effective LLCs, the authors of Living-Learning Communities that Work collaborated on the development of a comprehensive empirical framework for achieving the integrating potential of LLCs. This framework is designed to help practitioners guide the design, delivery, and assessment of LLCs. This book thoughtfully combines research and field-tested practice to document the essential components for best practices in living learning communities and presents them as a clear blueprint - the LLC best practices model - for LLC design. Practitioners, researchers, and institutional leaders can use the book as a guide to more effectively allocate resources to create and sustain LLCs and to realize the potential of these communities to improve undergraduate education.
In "Teach for Climate Justice," accomplished educator and social and emotional learning expert Tom Roderick proposes a visionary interdisciplinary and intersectional approach to PreK-12 climate ...education. He argues that meaningful instruction on this urgent issue of our time must focus on climate justice--the convergence of climate change and social justice--in a way that is emotionally safe, developmentally appropriate, and ultimately empowering. Drawing on examples of real-life educators teaching climate change, Roderick identifies eight key dimensions of climate education that will prepare students to face the challenges of the climate crisis and give them the means to take action. These dimensions include not only educating for a deep understanding of the scientific, geopolitical, and socioeconomic equity issues that surround global warming, but also cultivating appreciation for the environment, building a supportive community, and fostering active hope for the future. Roderick's intentional layering of skills will help students develop the knowledge and sense of agency necessary to engage in civil resistance and nonviolent activism. In support of this crucial endeavor, Roderick suggests evidence-based teaching strategies, practices that promote inclusivity, and tools for social and emotional learning. This timely and uplifting book lays out a powerful vision for teaching, learning, and curriculum development to nurture a generation of courageous, informed advocates for climate justice.
Theories and Practices of Integral Education and Integral Drama Based Pedagogy explores and encourages deep connections between theories of integral education and practices of new integrations in ...education. It introduces Integral Drama Based Pedagogy as an exemplar of new integrations.
Grand challenges in the science of wind energy Veers, Paul; Dykes, Katherine; Lantz, Eric ...
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
10/2019, Letnik:
366, Številka:
6464
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Harvested by advanced technical systems honed over decades of research and development, wind energy has become a mainstream energy resource. However, continued innovation is needed to realize the ...potential of wind to serve the global demand for clean energy. Here, we outline three interdependent, cross-disciplinary grand challenges underpinning this research endeavor. The first is the need for a deeper understanding of the physics of atmospheric flow in the critical zone of plant operation. The second involves science and engineering of the largest dynamic, rotating machines in the world. The third encompasses optimization and control of fleets of wind plants working synergistically within the electricity grid. Addressing these challenges could enable wind power to provide as much as half of our global electricity needs and perhaps beyond.
Quantum computing hardware technologies have advanced during the past two decades, with the goal of building systems that can solve problems that are intractable on classical computers. The ability ...to realize large-scale systems depends on major advances in materials science, materials engineering, and new fabrication techniques. We identify key materials challenges that currently limit progress in five quantum computing hardware platforms, propose how to tackle these problems, and discuss some new areas for exploration. Addressing these materials challenges will require scientists and engineers to work together to create new, interdisciplinary approaches beyond the current boundaries of the quantum computing field.
Adding autonomy to materials science
Shape-memory alloys can alter their shape in response to a change in temperature. This can be thought of as a simple autonomous response, albeit one that is fully ...programmed at the time of fabrication. It is now possible to build materials or combinations of materials that can sense and respond to their local environment, in ways that might also include simple computations and communication. McEvoy and Correll review recent developments in the creation of autonomous materials. They look at how individual abilities are added to a material and the current limitations in the further development of “robotic materials.”
Science
, this issue
10.1126/science.1261689
BACKGROUND
The tight integration of sensing, actuation, and computation that biological systems exhibit to achieve shape and appearance changes (like the cuttlefish and birds in flight), adaptive load support (like the banyan tree), or tactile sensing at very high dynamic range (such as the human skin) has long served as inspiration for engineered systems. Artificial materials with such capabilities could enable airplane wings and vehicles with the ability to adapt their aerodynamic profile or camouflage in the environment, bridges and other civil structures that could detect and repair damages, or robotic skin and prosthetics with the ability to sense touch and subtle textures. The vision for such materials has been articulated repeatedly in science and fiction (“programmable matter”) and periodically has undergone a renaissance with the advent of new enabling technology such as fast digital electronics in the 1970s and microelectromechanical systems in the 1990s.
ADVANCES
Recent advances in manufacturing, combined with the miniaturization of electronics that has culminated in providing the power of a desktop computer of the 1990s on the head of a pin, is enabling a new class of “robotic” materials that transcend classical composite materials in functionality. Whereas state-of-the-art composites are increasingly integrating sensors and actuators at high densities, the availability of cheap and small microprocessors will allow these materials to function autonomously. Yet, this vision requires the tight integration of material science, computer science, and other related disciplines to make fundamental advances in distributed algorithms and manufacturing processes. Advances are currently being made in individual disciplines rather than system integration, which has become increasingly possible in recent years. For example, the composite materials community has made tremendous advances in composites that integrate sensing for nondestructive evaluation, and actuation (for example, for shape-changing airfoils), as well as their manufacturing. At the same time, computer science has created an entire field concerned with distributed algorithms to collect, process, and act upon vast collections of information in the field of sensor networks. Similarly, manufacturing has been revolutionized by advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing, as well as entirely new methods for creating complex structures from unfolding or stretching of patterned 2D composites. Finally, robotics and controls have made advances in controlling robots with multiple actuators, continuum dynamics, and large numbers of distributed sensors. Only a few systems have taken advantage of these advances, however, to create materials that tightly integrate sensing, actuation, computation, and communication in a way that allows them to be mass-produced cheaply and easily.
OUTLOOK
Robotic materials can enable smart composites that autonomously change their shape, stiffness, or physical appearance in a fully programmable way, extending the functionality of classical “smart materials.” If mass-produced economically and available as a commodity, robotic materials have the potential to add unprecedented functionality to everyday objects and surfaces, enabling a vast array of applications ranging from more efficient aircraft and vehicles, to sensorial robotics and prosthetics, to everyday objects like clothing and furniture. Realizing this vision requires not only a new level of interdisciplinary collaboration between the engineering disciplines and the sciences, but also a new model of interdisciplinary education that captures both the disciplinary breadth of robotic materials and the depth of individual disciplines.
(Top) Biological systems that tightly integrate sensing, actuation, computation, and communication and (bottom) the engineering applications that could be enabled by materials that take advantage of similar principles.
(From left) The cuttlefish (camouflage), an eagle’s wings (shape change), the banyan tree (adaptive load support), and human skin (tactile sensing).
CREDITS: CUTTLEFISH: N. HOBGOOD/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS; BALD EAGLE ALASKA: C. CHAPMAN/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS; BANYAN TREE: W. KNIGHT/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS; HUMAN SKIN: A. MCEVOY; MEN IN CAMOUFLAGE HUNTING GEAR: H. RYAN/U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE; 21ST CENTURY AEROSPACE VEHICLE: NASA; SYDNEY HARBOUR BRIDGE: I. BROWN/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS; CYBERHAND: PRENSILIA S.R.L/ PRENSILIA.COM
Tightly integrating sensing, actuation, and computation into composites could enable a new generation of truly smart material systems that can change their appearance and shape autonomously. Applications for such materials include airfoils that change their aerodynamic profile, vehicles with camouflage abilities, bridges that detect and repair damage, or robotic skins and prosthetics with a realistic sense of touch. Although integrating sensors and actuators into composites is becoming increasingly common, the opportunities afforded by embedded computation have only been marginally explored. Here, the key challenge is the gap between the continuous physics of materials and the discrete mathematics of computation. Bridging this gap requires a fundamental understanding of the constituents of such robotic materials and the distributed algorithms and controls that make these structures smart.
Abstract
The Douglas Fir Group (2016) argued that applied linguistics needed new interdisciplinary perspectives, and I suggest here that the concepts provided by new materialism might aid in gaining ...such perspectives. New materialism foregrounds the material nature of humans, discourses, machines, other objects, other species, and the natural environment, as well as constant change, non-binary thinking, and the porosity of boundaries; it also asks for the posing of new problems and new concepts to ‘bring forth a world distinct from what we already are’ (Colebrook and Weinstein 2017: 4). Refusing the central binaries and hierarchies of Cartesian thinking, new materialism’s relational ontology stresses becoming; people, discourses, practices, and things are continually in relation and becoming different from what they were before. New materialist conceptions of knowledge/knowing and language/languaging are also relational, processual, and entangled. I review recent new materialist educational research and present two descriptions of events in my own research to show what pedagogical and research-oriented questions might be stimulated from this perspective.
In this paper we introduce the idea of the dual process framework (DPF), an interdisciplinary approach to the study of learning, memory, thinking, and action. Departing from the successful reception ...of Vaisey (2009), we suggest that intradisciplinary debates in sociology regarding the merits of "dual process" formulations can benefit from a better understanding of the theoretical foundations of these models in cognitive and social psychology. We argue that the key is to distinguish the general DPF from more specific applications to particular domains, which we refer to as dual process models (DPMs). We show how different DPMs can be applied to a variety of analytically distinct issues of interest to cultural sociologists beyond specific issues related to morality, such as culture in learning, culture in memory, culture in thinking, and culture in acting processes. We close by outlining the implications of our argument for relevant work in cultural sociology.
Interdisciplinary team working is of paramount importance in the reform of primary care in order to provide cost-effective and comprehensive care. However, international research shows that it is not ...routine practice in many healthcare jurisdictions. It is imperative to understand levers and barriers to the implementation process. This review examines interdisciplinary team working in practice, in primary care, from the perspective of service providers and analyses 1 barriers and facilitators to implementation of interdisciplinary teams in primary care and 2 the main research gaps.
An integrative review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Following a search of 10 international databases, 8,827 titles were screened for relevance and 49 met the criteria. Quality of evidence was appraised using predetermined criteria. Data were analysed following the principles of framework analysis using Normalisation Process Theory (NPT), which has four constructs: sense making, enrolment, enactment, and appraisal. The literature is dominated by a focus on interdisciplinary working between physicians and nurses. There is a dearth of evidence about all NPT constructs apart from enactment. Physicians play a key role in encouraging the enrolment of others in primary care team working and in enabling effective divisions of labour in the team. The experience of interdisciplinary working emerged as a lever for its implementation, particularly where communication and respect were strong between professionals.
A key lever for interdisciplinary team working in primary care is to get professionals working together and to learn from each other in practice. However, the evidence base is limited as it does not reflect the experiences of all primary care professionals and it is primarily about the enactment of team working. We need to know much more about the experiences of the full network of primary care professionals regarding all aspects of implementation work.
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015019362.
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