Bog u leksikografskoj mreži Fonović Cvijanović, Teodora; Martinović, Blaženka; Vitković Marčeta, Vanessa
Rasprave Instituta za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje,
10/2020, Letnik:
46, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Web Resource
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Suvremena hrvatska leksikografija plodna je i raznovrsna, no postoje dvojbe koje se preslikavaju iz izdanja u izdanje (što je, dijelom, neizbježno u otvorenome sustavu kao što je leksik). ...Leksikografske dvojbe množe se i novima kad se leksik izmjesti u novi medij, u e-rječnik ili mrežni rječnik (primjerice otvara se pitanje korpusne utemeljenosti te ozvučivanja leksičkih jedinica ili audiorječnika). U ovome se radu suvremene dvojbe oprimjeruju leksičkim jedinicama sa sastavnicom „bog” jer donose cijelu paletu otvorenih pitanja, naime dotičemo se pravopisne (
kako bog/Bog zapovijeda
), gramatičke (npr.
bog
kao imenica i kao uzvik), leksičke (
žali Bože
/
žalibože
) i prozodijske (
bogtepítaj
ili
bogtepȋtaj
) norme. Dakle, iako je riječ o dvojbama koje se zasigurno odnose na opsežniji korpus (kao što je pitanje gramatikalizacije, pragmatike oblika, (de)onimizacije i frazeologizacije), sužava se pogled na jednu tvorbenu porodicu koji ipak analogijom može iznjedriti općenitija rješenja. Nudi se i primjer mogućega zvučnog zapisa u budućim mrežnim rječnicima te se preispituje korpusna utemeljenost sadašnjih leksikografskih rješenja.
Modern Croatian lexicography is rich and diverse but not free of dilemmas, passed on from one edition to another (an occurrence that is partly inevitable in an open system such as the lexicon). Modern lexicographical dilemmas increase in number when the lexicon is transferred to a new medium, to an e-dictionary (for instance, the question arises regarding the audio recording of lexical units and the attestedness in the corpus). In this paper, modern dilemmas are exemplified by the entries based on the word
bog
(god), because they raise numerous questions: we have addressed the orthographical (
žali Bože
/
žalibože
) and prosodical (
bogtepítaj
or
bogtepȋtaj
) norms. Thus, although these dilemmas certainly refer to a wider corpus (e.g. the question of grammaticalization, pragmatics of forms, (de-)onymization, and phraseologization), we have limited our scrutiny to a single derivational family which can still, through analogy, lead to more general solutions. We offer an example of possible audio versions of particular entries in future e-dictionaries and reassess the attestedness of current lexicographical solutions in the corpus.
This paper presents a group of phraseological units which are similar to compounds in respect to structure, semantics and cognitive aspects. Terms such as Kap der guten Hoffnung (‘Cape of Good ...Hope’), Dreißigjähriger Krieg (‘Thirty Years’ War’), rechter Winkel (‘right angle’) and erste Hilfe (‘first aid’) are often considered to be problematic. These so-called Wortgruppenlexeme (WGL, multiword lexemes, phrasal lexical units) can be seen as lexemes consisting of two or more orthographically separate words. They form a syntactic and semantic unit, are motivated, and more or less free of connotations. They are relatively fixed, except for inflection. Many of them are phrasal names or clearly defined terms. Like compounds they are bases of shortening. In some variants of German they are extremely frequent and productive. Analyses of data collections show a relatively high percentage of WGL in languages for special purposes. They constitute 20% or even more than a third of the lexicon, considering repertory as well as neologisms. Thus, WGL are a systematic and productive way to coin new words analogously to compounds, but in contrast to all other types of phraseological units. To summarize, there are several reasons to posit WGL next to compounding and to see them as lexemes. Accordingly, they should be considered as analytical word formations. In this article we plead for the treatment of WGL in German word formation.
Статья затрагивает проблему влияния английского языка на современную русскую речь. Акцент делается на появлении английских слов в молодежном сленге. Сленг рассматривается как средство самовыражения, ...идентификации и объединения определенных групп людей. Анализируются причины использования англицизмов в контексте разговорной лексики. Представлен подробный разбор выделенных современных сленговых единиц, распространенных в молодежной среде. Исследуется смысловое значение при переходе из английского языка в русский. Особое внимание уделяется способам адаптации англицизмов в русском языке на примерах наиболее употребительных сленговых выражений. Обозначается роль и место английских заимствований в современной речи.
В работе рассматривается деривационный потенциал иноязычных лексем, проникающих в интернет-сленг на примерах словообразовательных парадигм, основным механизмом которых являются аффиксальные морфемы. ...Дается характеристика таким понятиям, как «деривационный потенциал» лексической единицы и «словообразовательная парадигма». Примерами исходных терминов для словообразовательной парадигмы послужили взятые из интернет-коммуникации англоязычные термины, от которых возникли однокоренные лексемы, относящиеся к различным частям речи. В заключение был сделан вывод о том, что каждая из рассматриваемых лексических единиц способна создать определенную парадигму – словообразовательную модель, главными инструментами которой являются суффиксы.
Reconsidering the Definition of the Term Grinev-Griniewicz, Siergiej V.; Sorokina, Elvira A.; Molchanova, Maria M.
Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta družby narodov. Seriâ: Teoriâ âzyka, semiotika, semantika (Online),
09/2022, Letnik:
13, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Existing definitions of the term as presented in current terminological writings are analyzed in the paper. The linguistic material is the descriptions of the notion of “term” that could be seen in ...the works of leading terminologists; these descriptions exemplify the importance of the notion in question and at the same time highlight the diversity in interpreting its essence. Achieving the goal of the analysis - which is to reveal the reasons why the term is still being treated in such an ambiguous way and define the substantial features of this notion - promotes explicitness in the interpretation of the term and its usage in a universally recognized way. The result of the undertaken study achieved on the basis of comparative, diachronic, and contrastive approaches is working out the comprehensive definition of the troublesome notion “term” that could be treated as its main one. The theoretical significance of the research is finding out the most common features of the term as the basic notion of terminology studies. The results of the study further expand the ideas regarding the notion of the term that exist in current terminological theory and are believed to put an end to the unproductive multiplying of its definitions. The practical value of the study is viewed as using its materials and results in practical activities of scientists who work in the sphere of theoretical and applied terminology as well as educationists who teach general and special linguistics, terminology studies, lexicology, and anthropological linguistics.
Purpose of the study: This research was conducted with the aim of considering the linguistic means of expressing the core of the semantic field (SF) of the mental component of the category of an ...anomaly in the literary work “The man who mistook his wife for a hat” by Oliver Sacks in the English language.
Methodology: The method of conceptual analysis of the means of expressing the core of the SF of the mental component of the category of the anomaly was used. Lexical units were also analyzed from the point of view of a method of analysis of vocabulary definitions and a contextual method.
Main Findings: The category of an anomaly in the novel under study includes mental and physiological components. This mental unit is a semantic field with a core, near and distant peripheries. The core of the SF of the mental component within the novel under study includes lexical units representing neutral bookish style and medical terms in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases.
Applications of this study: The results of this paper will be helpful for lecturers of cognitive linguistics, lexicology, lexicography, stylistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, country study. The information given in this article can be useful for the preparation and correction of the information about lexical units in the dictionaries or it can function as a basis for further analysis and creation of special corpora.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The linguistic means of expressing the SF of the mental component of the category of an anomaly in this novel were analyzed in terms of cognitive linguistics and lexicography. Lexemes and collocations in a special context reflecting different sides of the mental anomaly from the point of medicine in English were considered.
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