Screening for genetic diversity in livestock species breeds is of utmost importance, especially for local, small populations that are at the risk of extinction. Luckily, recent developments in ...technology increase access to genotyping, also for numerically small breeds. One of these new technologies is the IMAGE001 single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array, that includes markers for six different species (cow, pig, sheep, chicken, horse and goat). For our current study, we studied the Turkey-headed Malines chicken, a local chicken breed in Belgium, for the first time. 110 animals were genotyped, together with 29 samples from four supposedly related breeds. The genotypes were used to assess the genetic diversity of this local breed. Our analysis revealed an average inbreeding coefficient of 0.20 through runs of homozygosity analysis, and effective population size estimation based on linkage disequilibrium indicated a low genetic diversity (Ne = 34). Moreover, a principal component analysis and a genetic differentiation study (FST) were performed using these marker data to position the Turkey-headed Malines relative to the four other indigenous Belgian chicken breeds. Finally, we discussed the practical implications of the overlap between the IMAGE001 array and other existing chicken genotyping arrays. This study is the first use of the novel IMAGE001 array to evaluate a local chicken breed, and demonstrates it as a viable option for genomic characterization a breed. Moreover, with this research, we are able to provide a good basis for further evaluation of the Belgian chicken heritage.
Display omitted
•Maline DES comprises two differently polar nanodomains, a less polar domain (LP, 34%) and a more polar domain (MP, 66%).•The nano-heterogeneity arises due to different molecule-ion ...clusters inside choline chloride and malonic acid mixtures.•The MP region comprises smaller molecule-ion clusters with stronger intermolecular interactions.•The LP region consists of larger molecule-ion structures compared to the MP region.•As the mole fraction approaches the deep eutectic mixture, the relative population of the MP region gradually increases.
The nature of heterogeneity in maline deep eutectic system (DES) is characterised by inspecting the properties of the mixture at DES composition (1:1 choline chloride/malonic acid) and various mole fractions of the components at the vicinity of DES. Steady-state and time-resolved emission, and fluorescence anisotropy of suitable fluorescent probes in different choline chloride-malonic acid mixtures are used to describe the heterogeneity in various mixtures. Herein, we establish that nanodomains consisting of different molecule-ion clusters render DES' heterogeneous nature. The intermolecular interaction and the formation of molecule-ion structures are studied by spectroscopic technique including 1H NMR, 1H-1H-nuclear Overhauser effect, NMR diffusometry and mass spectrometry. It is demonstrated that the DES mixture comprises of a particular relative population of two different domains: a less polar domain (LP, 34%) and a more polar domain (MP, 66%). The physical properties of these domains strongly depend on the molar ratio of choline chloride and malonic acid. The experimental findings are further supported with theoretical predictions.
Maxime Jean-Baptiste’s video work Nou Voix (Our Voices, 2018) opens with a courtroom scene from the 1990 feature film Jean Galmot, aventurier, directed by Alain Maline. The original film by Maline ...dramatizes the real-life story of French “adventurer” Jean Galmot, who traveled to French Guiana in 1906 with the intention of exploiting a gold mine he had inherited. Galmot would remain in Guiana for the rest of his life and hold several political offices in the French colony up until his murder by poisoning in 1928. Unrest, caused by outrage over Galmot’s murder, ensued in the capital city of Cayenne. The scene from Jean Galmot, aventurier revisited at the beginning of Nou Voix shows the end of a 1931 trial held in Nantes, France, where fourteen Guianese (twelve men and two women), referred to as the insurgés or insurgents, who had been charged with looting and murdering fellow citizens.
Research, based on the development of an economical innovative green technology, is the quintessential requirement for the advancement of the nuclear fuel cycle (NFC). The present studies show that ...Maline, with a preorganized supramolecular scaffold, would be considered as the workhorse for its potential efficacy in diverse facets of the NFC, specifically as an elegant metal hijacker for processing of uranium (U) matrices, designer solvent for green analysis of U, and a promising U chelator for a greener alternative for the cleanup of U contamination. Seven U matrices (UO3, UN, UO2, Rb2U(SO4)3, U metal, U3Si2, and (U, Pu)O2) were dissolved in Maline without any external additives and cyclic voltammetry was performed to investigate the redox speciation, viz., redox thermodynamics (E p and E f) and kinetic (D 0, k 0, and αn) parameters and mechanistic electron transfer of the dissolved U species. To get an insight into the molecular speciation, the structural analysis on UO3 dissolved in Maline was conducted by extended X-ray absorption fine structure, which indicates an interesting observation of the formation of UO2 2+ kind of species with malonic acid and H2O at equatorial coordination. Molecular dynamics and density functional theory simulations were carried out to acquire diffusion, optimized structure, binding energy, and molecular orbital diagram of U species in Maline, to corroborate the experimental results and to shed light on the hydrogen-bond network in Maline with aqueous dilution. The interaction of uranyl with Maline was probed by luminescence, absorption spectroscopy, and calorimetry titration. Green analysis methodology was developed based on Maline digestion followed by voltammetric determination of U in nuclear material samples. Green chemistry metrics were evaluated to authenticate the greener aspects of the present methodology. The present developed methodology of direct sequestration and analysis of U matrices represents an appropriate replacement of the existing method, viz., hazardous acidic processing of U matrices followed by biamperometry analysis.
Proizvodnja maline (Rubus idaeus L.), kao jedna od najperspektivnijih grana voćarstva u Bosni i Hercegovini, mogla bi biti trajno ugrožena zbog sve češćega pojavljivanja bolesti bakterioznoga tumora ...korijena, čiji je uzročnik Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati morfološke promjene na sadnicama mali ne izazvane bakterijom A. tumefaciens, kao i veličinu i brojnost tumora u zavisnosti od primijenjenoga biološkog ili kemijskog tretmana. U radu je korišten referentni soj Agrobacterium tumefaciens MTCC 431 (ATCC 15955). Morfometrijski parametri na sadnicama maline izmjereni su uz pomoć programa ImageJ 1.48v. Za mjerenje dijametra guka korišteno je binokularno povećalo pri uvećanju od 20x. Statistička analiza rezultata podrazumijevala je analizu glavnih komponenata na osnovi korela cijske matrice u računalnome programu R v. 3.4.0. Sadnice maline koje su inokuli rane bakterijom A. tumefaciens imale su niži potencijal rasta u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu. Soj K1026 Rhizobium rhizogenes kao aktivna tvar biopesticida pozitivno je utjecao na rast zaraženih biljaka maline suzbijajući infekciju. Primijenjeno kemijsko sredstvo na bazi bakrova (I) oksida pokazalo je nešto manji učinak na intenzitet pro mjena uzrokovanih A. tumefaciens u odnosu na biološko sredstvo. U ovome je radu zabilježen i niži intenzitet promjena kod istodobne primjene biopesticida i fungicida u odnosu na pojedinačne tretmane.
Present work reports the inhibition of Bacillus cereus EMB20 β-lactamase by a deep eutectic solvent, maline in an uncompetitive manner. Far-UV CD and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy revealed a ...disrupted secondary as well as tertiary structure as a function of maline concentration. The effect of individual components of maline on β-lactamase inhibition showed that malonic acid was mainly responsible for inhibiting the β-lactamase. Structural and docking studies found that malonic acid led to major perturbations in the secondary and tertiary structure of the enzyme while H-bonding with the active site residues. Further the antibacterial and cytotoxic studies also confirmed the potential of maline as a potent growth inhibitor of β-lactamase producing B. cereus EMB20.
With oil and gas exploration transferring to deeper and more ancient marine strata, more re-searches have been conducted about the Meso-Neoproterozoic and Cambrian microbial carbonate rocks ...bypetroleum geologists. The Cambrian deposits experienced the first transgression of the Paleozoic, with shallowmarine facies depositing in most areas, which are favorable for different kinds of biological reproduction. TheLower Cambrian in Beijing area is lithotogicaUy dominated by purple red shales interbedded with limestones,the Middle Cambrian is mainly composed of thick oolitic limestones, and the Upper Cambrian consists of thinlimestones and flat-pebble conglomerates. Two beds of microbial carbonate rocks were discovered in theCambrian outcrops in the vicinity of Beijing. One is from the Zhangxia Formation of Middle Cambrian, and theother is from the Gushan Formation of Upper Cambrian. The microbiatites are characterized by combination ofmultiple stromatotites forming different bioherms. The bioherms are mostly in oval shape and with differentsizes, which are 3-4 m long, and 1-3 m high. The surrounding strata beneath the bioherms are ooliticlimestones.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati fizikalno-kemijska i senzorska svojstva plodova više sorti kupina, jagoda, malina i borovnica uzgojenih u neposrednoj okolici Zagreba tijekom 7 dana ...skladištenja pri 4 °C u svrhu boljeg poznavanja svojstava sorti uzgojenih u Hrvatskoj. Shodno tome, 1., 4. i 7. dan skladištenja provedeno je određivanje topljive suhe tvari, pH vrijednosti, ukupne kiselosti, parametara boje (CIELab), tvrdoće pomoću teksturometra i senzorski je ocijenjena opća prihvatljivost, a mikrobiološka analiza provedena je samo 1. dan. Temeljem dobivenih rezultata pokazalo se da su se od svih ispitivanih vrsta voća borovnice pokazale najstabilnijima tijekom skladištenja te su senzorski dobro ocijenjene i to posebno sorta 'Duke' iz ekološkog uzgoja. Za druge sorte i općenito druge vrste, pozitivan utjecaj ekološkog uzgoja nije uočen. Među ispitivanim sortama kupina sorta 'Thornfree' se pokazala najstabilnijom, a sorta 'Tulameen' je bila najstabilnija i najbolje senzorski ocijenjena sorta malina. Jagode nisu pokazale zadovoljavajuću stabilnost tijekom 7 dana skladištenja, pri čemu se sorta 'Joly' pokazala najboljom do 4. dana skladištenja. Općenito, uspoređujući sorte koje su se u pojedinim vrstama istaknule kao najbolje primjećuje se da su imale visok udio topljive suhe tvari i nižu ukupnu kiselost te da se za jagodu i malinu preferirala svjetlija boja i srednja tvrdoća plodova, a za kupinu i borovnicu tamnija boja te tvrđi plodovi. Rezultati mikrobiološke analize upućuju na potrebu za primjenom strožih higijenskih mjera tijekom berbe i rukovanja voćem.
While scientists have routinely measured muscle glycogen in many metabolic situations for over 4 decades, there is surprisingly little known regarding its regulation. In the past decade, considerable ...evidence has illustrated that the carbohydrate stores in muscle are not homogeneous, and it is very likely that metabolic pools exist or that each granule has independent regulation. The fundamental aspects appear to be associated with a complex set of proteins that associate with both the granule and each other in a dynamic fashion. Some of the proteins are enzymes and others play scaffolding roles. A number of the proteins can translocate, depending on the metabolic stimulus. These various processes appear to be the mechanisms that give the glycogen granule precise yet dynamic regulation. This may also allow the stores to serve as an important metabolic regulator of other metabolic events.
PDF
