Aim: In our study, the relationship between mandible coronoid process and other mandible morphometric parameters in dry bones and it is aimed to compare these data between the sides.
Materials and ...Methods: In the anatomy laboratory, 22 mandible from the bone collection were photographed in three different ways, from right-left lateral and posterior, using a digital camera. Measurements were performed on digital images using Image J software. Morphometric parameters of coronoid process and morphometric parameters of mandible ramus and body were determined. Coronoid process types were hooked, triangular, round and square. The parameters were compared between the two sides and correlation analysis was performed.
Results: There was no significant difference between the right and left sides in all parameters. There was no difference between the parties in the percent distribution of processus coronoideus types. There was a high correlation between processus coronoideus area and processus coronoideus height on both sides (p <0.001). Correlation values of the processus coronoideus parameters on the right side were higher than the left side.
Conclusion: For the differences in the morphometric parameter values between the coronoid process between the sides, further studies should be conducted in the developmental process up to childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Furthermore, further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of chewing side preference on processus coronoideus and to assess the differences in side/gender.
Amaç: Çalışmamızda kuru kemiklerde mandibula processus coronoideus’u ile diğer mandibula morfometrik parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi ve bu verilerin taraflar arası karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Anatomi laboratuvarında kemik koleksiyonuna ait 22 adet mandibula, dijital fotoğraf makinesi kullanılarak üç ayrı açıdan fotoğraflanmıştır. Dijital görüntüler üzerinde Image J yazılımı kullanılarak ölçümler yapılmıştır. Processus coronoideus morfometrik parametreleri, ramus mandibula ve corpus mandibulaya ait morfometrik parametreler belirlenmiş, processus coronoideus kanca, üçgen, yuvarlak ve kare olarak 4 ayrı şekilde tiplendirilmiştir. Parametreler taraflar arasında karşılaştırılmış ve korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Tüm parametrelerde taraflar arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır. Processus coronoideus tiplerinin yüzde dağılımında da taraflar arasında fark bulunmamaktadır. Her iki taraftada processus coronoideus alanı ile processus coronoideus yüksekliği arasında çok iyi derecede korelasyon bulunmaktadır (p=0.000). Sağ taraftaki processus coronoideus parametrelerinin korelasyon değerleri, sol tarafa göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Taraflar arası processus coronoideus morfometrik parametreri çocukluk, adolesan ve erişkin olmak üzere farklı gelişim dönemlerinde yapılacak yeni çalışmalarda incelenmelidir. Ayrıca çiğneme tarafı tercihinin processus coronoideus üzerine olan etkilerinin ve taraf/cinsiyet farklılıklarının değerlendirilmesi için sağlıklı bireylerde yapılacak yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Objective
This study was performed to compare the fractal dimension (FD), bone area fraction (BAF), and gray scale value (GSV) on digital panoramic radiography (DPR) and cross-sectional cone-beam ...computed tomography (CBCT) using image analysis and to determine whether a relationship exists among parameters associated with bone quality.
Methods
Thirty edentulous human hemimandibles were scanned by DPR and CBCT. Ninety regions of interest (ROIs) were evaluated on DPR and CBCT images to calculate the FD and BAF. The GSV of the ROI on CBCT was also calculated.
Results
Statistically significant differences were observed in the FD values of the ROIs between DPR and CBCT (
p
= 0.002) and in the BAF values of ROIs between DPR and CBCT (
p
= 0.017). The Spearman’s correlation test revealed a statistically significant high correlation between the FD and BAF values of the ROIs on DPR and between the FD and BAF values of the ROIs on CBCT (
p
< 0.01). No significant correlations were observed between the GSVs of ROIs on CBCT and the FD values of ROIs on DPR, the BAF values of ROIs on DPR, the FD values of ROIs on CBCT, and the BAF values of ROIs on CBCT (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusions
The GSV did not support the FD and BAF. Additionally, DPR and CBCT did not have similar image quality for assessing the FD, BAF, and GSV. In evaluating the trabecular structure, the use of panoramic radiographs should be continued because the image resolution of CBCT is lower and its generalized dose is higher than that of panoramic radiography. These results may serve as a reference for clinical practitioners using dental CBCT to analyze the trabecular structures of alveolar bones.
This study aimed to find out the incidence of impacted third molars and associated pathologies in people who live in the North Cyprus population. Dr. Burhan Nalbantoglu State Hospital is the only ...hospital that has an oral and maxillofacial surgery department among the state hospitals in North Cyprus. Patients who were referred to this department during a one-year period due to the complaints regarding their third molar were included in our study. This retrospective study involved 550 patients aged 16 to 65 years (1752 third molars). Chi-square tests were done for bilateral comparison between age, gender, and third molar (p < 0.05). Among the groups included in the study, the highest number of third molars originated from the 20–29 age group (n = 1050). Among all 1752 third molars, 716 (40%) of them erupted, while 1036 (60%) were impacted molar teeth, with significant differences between genders (p > 0.05). The most often impacted position in the mandible was the mesioangular type (42%) and in the maxilla was the vertical type (62%). Partially and completely impacted mandibular third molars showed a significant difference between the left and right sides (p < 0.05). A huge proportion of third molars are impacted in the North Cyprus population. The degree of impaction of wisdom teeth and the problems they cause should be well evaluated, and the surgical approach should be considered according to the baseline of this data.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, mandibular 1. ve 2. molar dişlere ait kanalların interradiküler bölgeye olan uzaklığını dental volümetrik tomografi (DVT) üzerinde ölçmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Seksen ...hastaya ait mandibular DVT görüntülerindeki 50 adet 1. molar ve 50 adet 2. molar diş retrospektif olarak incelendi. Aksiyel kesitlerde bifurkasyon seviyesinin 2 mm altından, tüm kanalların dış sınırından interradiküler bölgeye olan en kısa mesafe kanal duvar kalınlığı ölçülerek kaydedildi. Ölçümler 2 radyolog tarafından yapıldı ve her alan için aritmetik ortalama alındı. Gruplar arasındaki farklar iki yönlü varyans analizi kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. İkili karşılaştırmalar için ise Tukey HSD testi kullanıldı (p=0.05).
Bulgular: Mandibular 1. ve 2. molar diş kanallarına ait ölçümler grup olarak değerlendirildiğinde aralarındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu gözlendi (p=0.009). Buna göre, 1. molar dişlerin kanalları interradiküler bölgeye, 2. molar dişlere göre daha yakındı. Kanal duvarı kalınlıkları, her bir molar grubunun kendi içerisinde birbirleriyle ikili olarak karşılaştırıldığında, meziobukkal (MB) kanalın en düşük değere sahip olduğu gözlendi (p<0.05). Distal kanalın bifurkasyona uzaklığı MB ve meziolingual (ML) kanallardan daha fazlaydı (p=0.000). Distobukkal (DB) ve distolingual (DL) kanallar arasında ise herhangi bir istatistiksel fark saptanmadı (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Mandibular 1. molar dişlerin kanallarının interradiküler bölgeye ortalama uzaklıkları, 2. molar dişlere göre daha azdı. Tüm mandibular molar dişlerdeki kanalların interradiküler bölgeye ortalama uzaklık değerleri açısından sıralanışları MB<ML<DL<DB<D şeklindedir. Buna göre, strip perforasyon ve vertikal kırık gibi komplikasyonları önlemek için yüksek açılı ve çaplı döner aletlerin kullanımından kaçınılmalıdır.
Objective: This study aims to measure the distance between the root canals and inter-radicular region of mandibular 1st and 2nd molars using dental volumetric tomography (DVT).
Materials and Method: Mandibular DVT images of 50 first-molar teeth and 50 second-molar teeth of 80 patients were examined retrospectively. The shortest distance from the root canal wall to the inter-radicular region was measured at 2 mm below the bifurcation level at axial sections. Measurements were made by 2 radiologists, and arithmetic means were calculated for each area. The differences between the groups were analyzed with two-way ANOVA. Besides, Tukey HSD test was used for pairwise comparisons (p=0.05).
Results: The root canals of the 1st molar teeth were closer to the inter-radicular region than those of the 2nd molar teeth (p=0.009). When the thickness of root canal walls of different types of molars was compared pairwise, the mesiobuccal canal had the lowest measurement (p<0.05). The distance of the distal canal to the bifurcation area was higher than that of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (p=0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the distobuccal and distolingual canals (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The root canals of the 1st molar teeth were closer to the inter-radicular region than those of the 2nd molar teeth. Measurements of different root canals of the 1st and 2nd molar teeth revealed differences in thickness. Overall, the order was MB<ML<DL<DB<D. Accordingly, over-instrumentation should be avoided particularly in mesial canals to avoid complications such as strip perforation and vertical fracture.
Pendahuluan: Laktasi merupakan periode penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Salah satu faktor risiko yang menyebabkan penurunan densitas tulang mandibula adalah konsumsi kopi berlebih ...selama masa laktasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi kopi Arabika selama masa laktasi terhadap densitas tulang mandibula anak tikus Wistar. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dilakukan terhadap 12 ekor tikus Wistar betina yang sedang menyusui. Penghitungan besar sampel berdasarkan jumlah kelompok penelitian (tiga kelompok), yaitu dengan rumus Arifin, dan didapatkan hasil empat ekor tikus untuk setiap kelompok penelitian, sehingga total jumlah sampel adalah 12 ekor tikus. Tiga kelompok penelitian terdiri dari kelompok kontrol (K) yang diberi akuades, kelompok perlakuan yang diberi kopi dosis normal (P1), dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi kopi dosis berlebih (P2). Akuades dan kopi diberikan selama 21 hari sejak tikus mulai menyusui anaknya. Masing-masing induk tikus diambil satu anaknya untuk di-euthanasia pada hari ke-22. Kemudian dilakukan pengambilan sampel tulang mandibula dan dilakukan pengambilan rontgen foto periapikal. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran densitas tulang mandibula menggunakan densitometer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji one-way ANOVA dan LSD. Hasil: Hasil dari uji one-way ANOVA dari densitas tulang mandibula anak tikus menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p=0,0001) diantara seluruh kelompok penelitian. Hasil uji LSD menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,0001) antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok yang diberi kopi dosis normal maupun dengan kelompok kopi dosis berlebih, demikian juga antara kelompok yang diberi dosis normal dengan dosis berlebih. Simpulan: Konsumsi kopi Arabika dalam dosis berlebih selama masa laktasi pada tikus Wistar dapat menurunkan densitas tulang mandibula anak tikus Wistar. Kata kunci: Laktasi, kopi arabika, densitas tulang mandibula. ABSTRACT Introduction: Lactation is an important period in the growth and development. One of the risk factors that cause a decrease in mandibular bone density is excessive coffee consumption during lactation. This study was aimed to analyse the effect of coffee consumption, especially Arabica coffee, during lactation period on the rats’ mandibular bone density. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory study of 12 lactating female Wistar rats. The sample size calculation was based on the number of research groups (three groups), the Arifin formula, and the results were four rats for each research group, so the total number of samples was 12 rats. The three research groups consisted of control group (K) which was given aquadest, treatment group that was given a normal dose of coffee (P1), and a treatment group that was given an excessive dose of coffee (P2). Aquadest and coffee were given for 21 days since the initial lactation period. One offspring of each female rat was taken to be euthanised on the 22nd day. Afterwards, the mandibular bone samples were taken from the young rats, and then the periapical x-rays was performed. Furthermore, the mandibular bone density measurement was carried out using a densitometer. Data was analysed using the one-way ANOVA and LSD tests. Results: The one-way ANOVA test of the mandibular bone density of the rats’ offspring showed a significant difference (p = 0.0001) between all study groups. The LSD test results showed a significant difference (p = 0.0001) between the control group and the group was given the normal dose of coffee and the group with an excessive dose of coffee and between the group that was given the normal and the excessive dose. Conclusion: Consumption of Arabica coffee in excessive dose during lactation of female Wistar rats can reduce the mandibular bone density of the offspring. Keywords: Lactation, arabica coffee, mandibular bone density.
ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Keberhasilan perawatan endodontik membutuhkan pengetahuan yang tepat mengenai berbagai morfologi sistem saluran akar. Variasi sistem saluran akar tidak selalu terjadi dalam ...variasi jumlah saluran, melainkan juga dalam konfigurasi bentuk. Salah satu variasi anatomi yang paling penting adalah konfigurasi berbentuk-C dan banyak ditemukan pada gigi molar kedua mandibula. Tujuan laporan kasus ini mempresentasikan perawatan endodontik pada gigi molar kedua mandibula dengan konfiguraasi saluran akar berbentuk-C. Laporan kasus: Pasien wanita berusia 21 tahun datang ke Klinik Konservasi Gigi RSGM UNPAD dengan keluhan gigi geraham belakang kiri bawah yang berlubang dan sakit berdenyut spontan sejak dua hari yang lalu.Preparasi akses kavitas memperlihatkan kamar pulpa yang dalam dan luas ke bukal berbentuk C. Hasil interpretasi CBCT memperlihatkan kavitas berbentuk C dengan orifis saluran akar di mesio lingual yang terhubung dengan isthmus ke orifis saluran akar distal. Perawatan endodontik pada konfigurasi sistem saluran akar berbentuk C kategori II (C2) dengan diagnosis pulpitis ireversibel simtomatik dapat dilakukan dengan optimal dengan mempertimbangkan anatomi eksternal dan internal gigi. Preparasi biomekanis yang intensif dengan teknik instrumentasi circumferential filing, serta penggunaan kombinasi irigan NaOCl 5,25% dan EDTA 17% yang diaktivasi dapat meningkatkan efektivitas debridemen saluran akar. Teknik obturasi kondensasi vertikal termoplastis dapat mengisi iregularitas saluran akar, serta menutup konfigurasi sistem saluran akar. Simpulan: Perawatan endodontik pada gigi molar kedua mandibula dengan konfigurasi saluran akar berbentuk-C berhasil dilakukan dengan baik, diawali penentuan diagnosis yang tepat serta identifikasi dini terhadap variasi saluran akar dan pemeriksaan diagnostik tambahan CBCT yang memfasilitasi preparasi biomekanis dan pengisian sistem saluran akar. Kata kunci: Anatomi akar, konfigurasi bentuk-C, konfigurasi saluran akar, molar kedua mandibula, perawatan endodontik ABSTRACT Introduction: Successful endodontic treatment requires proper knowledge of various morphologies of the root canal system. The canal system variation does not always occur in the number of canals, but also the shape configuration. One of the essential anatomical variations is the C-shaped configuration which is found in many mandibular second molars. This case report was aimed to present endodontic treatment of mandibular second molar with a C-shaped root canal configuration. Case report: A 21-year-old female patient came to the Conservative Dentistry Clinic of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital with a complaint of cavities and spontaneous pulsating pain since two days prior. CBCT interpretation shows a C-shaped cavity with a root canal orifice in the mesiolingual connection with an isthmus to the distal root canal orifice. Endodontic treatment of a C-shaped root canal system configuration with category II (C2), with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, can be performed optimally by considering the external and internal tooth anatomy. Intensive biomechanical preparation using the circumferential filing instrumentation techniques, and the use of a combination of activated 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA irrigation can increase the effectiveness of root canal debridement. Thermoplastic vertical condensation obturation technique can fill the irregularities of the root canal, as well as sealing the root canal system configuration. Conclusion: Endodontic treatment of mandibular second molar with a C-shaped root canal configuration was successfully performed, initiated with determination of the correct diagnosis and early identification of root canal variations and additional diagnostic CBCT tests which facilitates the biomechanical preparation and root canal system filling. Keywords: Root anatomy, C-shape configuration, root canal configuration, mandibular second molar, endodontic treatment.
Pendahuluan: Bruxism adalah aktivitas parafungsi oklusal pada siang atau malam hari dimana terjadi grinding, clenching, dan gnashing. Bruxism dapat memberikan tekanan berlebih pada tulang sehingga ...tulang beradaptasi melalui proses remodeling tulang yang dapat mengubah jumlah, densitas, dan ketinggian tulang. Perubahan yang terjadi pada tulang dapat dianalisis dengan mengukur ketinggian tulang kortikal mandibula. Salah satu metode pengukuran yang dapat digunakan adalah indeks panoramik mandibula (PMI) melalui radiografi panoramik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis perbedaan ketinggian tulang kortikal mandibula pada penderita dan bukan penderita bruxism. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelompok, yaitu 30 sampel radiograf panoramik digital penderita bruxism dan 30 sampel radiograf panoramik digital bukan penderita bruxism. Data dianalisis menggunakan independent t-test pada software MegaStat 10.1. Hasil: Hasil analisis p-value menunjukkan ketinggian tulang kortikal mandibula regio kanan penderita bruxism dan bukan penderita bruxism adalah 0,1517mm dan regio kiri adalah 0,2036mm (p-value>0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan ketinggian tulang kortikal mandibula antara penderita bruxism dan bukan penderita bruxism. Kata kunci: Bruxism, kortikal mandibula, indeks panoramik mandibular. ABSTRACT Introduction: Bruxism is an occlusal parafunction activity during the day or night that includes grinding, clenching, and gnashing. Bruxism can exert excessive pressure on the bone so that the bone adapts through the process of bone remodelling, which can change the amount, density, and height of the bone. Changes that occur in the bone can be analysed by measuring the height of the mandibular cortical bone. One of the measurement methods commonly used was the panoramic mandibular index (PMI) through panoramic radiography. The purpose of this study was to analyse the differences in the height of the mandibular cortical bone in bruxism and non-bruxism patients. Methods: The type of research was cross-sectional analytic. The sample of this study consisted of two groups, which were 30 samples of digital panoramic radiographs of bruxism patients and 30 samples of digital panoramic radiographs of non-bruxism patients. Data were analysed using an independent t-test in the MegaStat 10.1 software. Results: The results of the p-value analysis showed that the mandibular cortical bone in the right region of bruxism and non-bruxism patients was 0.1517 mm, and in the left region was 0.2036 mm (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no difference in the mandibular cortical bone height between bruxism and non-bruxism patients. Keywords: Bruxism, mandibular cortical bone, panoramic mandibular index.
Objectives: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the accuracy of five intraoral scanners for digitizing fully dentate unprepared maxillae and mandibulae in vitro. Materials and Methods: ...One maxillary and one mandibular reference model with acrylic teeth, an industrial grade reference scanner, 3D evaluation software and the intraoral scanners CS 3500, iTero HD2.9, Planmeca PlanScan, TRIOS Standard and 3M True Definition were used. Scans of the entire arches, one front and two side segments of each arch scan of maxilla and mandibula were evaluated separately for trueness and precision. In addition, visual analyses of deviation patterns, surface properties and approximal areas were performed with the aid of 3D evaluation software. Results: The intraoral scanners CS 3500, TRIOS Standard and iTero HD2.9 showed a similar level of trueness. The True Definition scanner showed lower full arch trueness compared to the TRIOS Standard and to the iTero HD2.9 (p < 0.05). Full arch trueness of the PlanScan was lower compared to the other scanners. Video-based systems showed higher numbers of datapoints per scan (127,300–169,730) compared to single image-based systems (64,115–88,124). The acquisition of interproximal areas was insufficient across all scanners. Limitations: The intraoral scanners were not tested under clinical conditions in this study. Conclusions: Apart from interproximal areas, clinically acceptable full arch trueness was achieved by the CS 3500, the iTero HD2.9 and the TRIOS Standard.
The application of three dimensional (3D) printed patient specific cutting guide for biopsy of a mandibular lesion closely positioned to the mandibular canal is presented. To prevent inferior ...alveolar nerve damage, the cutting site of the bone window was virtually planned and then the cutting guide was 3D printed. This guide enabled intra-operative control and resulted in absence of postoperative hypo- or dysesthesia. This case demonstrates that 3D printed patient specific guides can help reduce the risk of hypoesthesia in mandibular surgery.
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