Electroencephalography (EEG) provides the most accurate and quickest diagnosis of epilepsy. It is also an important examination for the real-time evaluation of brain function and seizures, no matter ...where. In the field of epilepsy, it is appropriate for a clinical pathologist with considerable knowledge of EEG and clinical experience to perform the role of a Physician Assistant (PA). The electrode attachment method is based on the international 10-20 system. The EEG reading is mainly taken by longitudinal bipolar montage. However, a reading using only one montage may result in an error. Hence, two or more montages should be used for readings according to the clinical situation. In the EEG, electric potentials are seen as contour lines. The most important principle in EEG reading is under-reading, not over-reading. The higher the repetitions of the EEG recording, the greater the sensitivity of the reading. For a good reading, the EEG recording must be of good quality. So, the relationship between the neurologist and the EEG technician is very important. In the future, it is expected that the field of activities of the EEG technician with abundant EEG reading experience and clinical practical knowledge will be further expanded.
임상뇌파검사의 일반적인 관행 현순철; Soon-chul Hyun; 김동엽 ...
Korean journal of clinical laboratory science,
12/2021, Letnik:
53, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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뇌파검사는 뇌전증을 가장 정확하고 빠르게 진단한다. 또한 뇌의 기능과 발작을 장소의 구애를 받지 않으면서 실시간으로 평가할 수 있는 중요한 검사이다. 뇌전증 분야에서는 뇌파검사 지식과 임상경험이 많은 임상병리사가 PA를 하는 것이 적합하다. 전극 부착 방법은 국제 표준 10-20법을 기반으로 한다. 뇌파 판독은 주로 LB몽타주로 판독한다. 하지만 한 가지 ...몽타주만 이용하여 판독하는 것은 오류를 범할 수 있기 때문에, 상황에 맞게 2개 이상의 몽타주를 병용해서 판독한다. 뇌파에서 전위는 등고선의 형태로 보인다. 뇌파 진단에서 가장 중요한 원리는 과잉 판독이 아닌 과소 판독이다. 뇌파를 반복해서 기록할수록 더욱 민감하게 판독할 수 있다. 좋은 뇌파 판독을 위해서는 양질의 좋은 뇌파가 기록되어야 한다. 그러기 위해선 신경과 의사와 뇌파 기사의 관계가 매우 중요하다. 앞으로는 많은 판독 경험과 임상적 실무지식을 갖춘 임상병리사의 활동영역이 좀 더 확대되길 기대한다.
Electroencephalography (EEG) provides the most accurate and quickest diagnosis of epilepsy. It is also an important examination for the real-time evaluation of brain function and seizures, no matter where. In the field of epilepsy, it is appropriate for a clinical pathologist with considerable knowledge of EEG and clinical experience to perform the role of a Physician Assistant (PA). The electrode attachment method is based on the international 10-20 system. The EEG reading is mainly taken by longitudinal bipolar montage. However, a reading using only one montage may result in an error. Hence, two or more montages should be used for readings according to the clinical situation. In the EEG, electric potentials are seen as contour lines. The most important principle in EEG reading is under-reading, not over-reading. The higher the repetitions of the EEG recording, the greater the sensitivity of the reading. For a good reading, the EEG recording must be of good quality. So, the relationship between the neurologist and the EEG technician is very important. In the future, it is expected that the field of activities of the EEG technician with abundant EEG reading experience and clinical practical knowledge will be further expanded.
A precisely localized enzyme cascade was constructed by integrating two sequential enzymes, glucoamylase (GA) and glucose oxidase (GOx), on a yeast cell surface through an a-agglutinin receptor as ...the anchoring motif with cohesin–dockerin interaction. The overall catalytic activities of the combinant strains were significantly dependent on the assembly method, enzyme molecular size, enzyme order, and enzyme stoichiometry. The combinant strain with GA-DocC initially bound scaffoldin prior to GOx-DocT exhibited a higher overall reaction rate. The highest overall reaction rate (29.28 ± 1.15 nmol H2O2 min–1mL–1) was achieved when GA/GOx ratio was 2:1 with enzyme order: yeast-GA-GOx-GA, 4-fold enhancement compared to free enzyme mixture. Further, the first example of starch/O2 enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) using codisplayed GA/GOx based bioanodes were assembled, demonstrating excellent direct biomass-to-electricity conversion. The optimized EBFC registered an open-circuit voltage of 0.78 V and maximum power density (P max) of 36.1 ± 2.5 μW cm–2, significantly higher than the P max for other starch/O2 EBFCs reported so far. Therefore, this work highlights rational organization of sequential enzymes for enhanced biocatalytic activity and stability, which would find applications in biocatalysis, enzymatic biofuel cells, biosensing, and bioelectro-synthesis.
Digital Unsettling Udupa, Sahana; Dattatreyan, Ethiraj Gabriel
04/2023
eBook
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How digital networks are positioned within the enduring
structures of coloniality The revolutionary aspirations
that fueled decolonization circulated on paper-as pamphlets,
leaflets, handbills, and ...brochures. Now-as evidenced by movements
from the Arab Spring to Black Lives Matter-revolutions, protests,
and political dissidence are profoundly shaped by information
circulating through digital networks. Digital Unsettling
is a critical exploration of digitalization that puts contemporary
"decolonizing" movements into conversation with theorizations of
digital communication. Sahana Udupa and Ethiraj Gabriel Dattatreyan
interrogate the forms, forces, and processes that have reinforced
neocolonial relations within contemporary digital environments, at
a time when digital networks-and the agendas and actions they
proffer-have unsettled entrenched hierarchies in unforeseen ways.
Digital Unsettling examines events-the toppling of statues
in the UK, the proliferation of #BLM activism globally, the rise of
Hindu nationalists in North America, the trolling of academics,
among others-and how they circulated online and across national
boundaries. In doing so, Udupa and Dattatreyan demonstrate how the
internet has become the key site for an invigorated anticolonial
internationalism, but has simultaneously augmented conditions of
racial hierarchy within nations, in the international order, and in
the liminal spaces that shape human migration and the lives of
those that are on the move. Digital Unsettling establishes a
critical framework for placing digitalization within the longue
durée of coloniality, while also revealing the complex ways in
which the internet is entwined with persistent global calls for
decolonization.
In may 2022, at the Centre d’Histoire et Théorie des Arts (EHESS), Giorgio Fichera and Clara Lieutaghi met Giovanni Careri to discuss the Journal Images re-vues at its origins and the intellectuel ...milieu in whitch it was created. The discussion also aroused the main theoritical topics at the bottom of Careri’s reflexions and writings as they irrigate the debates whithin the Journal and among its members.
Correct diagnosis of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is important because it can be the first manifestation of a neurodegenerative disease, it may lead to serious injury, and it is a ...well-treatable disorder. We evaluated the electromyographic (EMG) activity in the Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona (SINBAR) montage (mentalis, flexor digitorum superficialis, extensor digitorum brevis) and other muscles to obtain normative values for the correct diagnosis of RBD for clinical practice.
Two university hospital sleep disorder centers.
Thirty RBD patients (15 idiopathic iRBD, 15 with Parkinson disease PD) and 30 matched controls recruited from patients with effectively treated sleep related breathing disorders.
Not applicable.
Participants underwent video-polysomnography, including registration of 11 body muscles. Tonic, phasic, and "any" (any type of EMG activity, irrespective of whether it consisted of tonic, phasic or a combination of both) EMG activity was blindly quantified for each muscle. When choosing a specificity of 100%, the 3-sec miniepoch cutoff for a diagnosis of RBD was 18% for "any" EMG activity in the mentalis muscle (area under the curve AUC 0.990). Discriminative power was higher in upper limb (100% specificity, AUC 0.987-9.997) than in lower limb muscles (100% specificity, AUC 0.813-0.852). The combination of "any" EMG activity in the mentalis muscle with both phasic flexor digitorum superficialis muscles yielded a cutoff of 32% (AUC 0.998) for patients with iRBD and with PD-RBD.
For the diagnosis of iRBD and RBD associated with PD, we recommend a polysomnographic montage quantifying "any" (any type of EMG activity, irrespective of whether it consisted of tonic, phasic or a combination of both) EMG activity in the mentalis muscle and phasic EMG activity in the right and left flexor digitorum superficialis muscles in the upper limbs with a cutoff of 32%, when using 3-sec miniepochs.
Production systems empowered by digital simulation tools can be improved in a time and cost-effective approach. The enrichment of digital simulations with sensor data, can enhance their realism and ...improve the accuracy of their results. Hence, this study proposes an implementation of the digital twin approach as part of a wider cyber-physical system (CPS) to enable the optimisation of the planning and commissioning of human-based production processes using simulation-based approaches. This is achieved through a) sensor data fusion and motion recognition of human activities in a factory floor and b) knowledge management mechanism for capturing the implicit knowledge of the task execution. A case study from the intra-factory logistics operations in the white goods industry, demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach, by enriching the simulation of manual assembly operations with the operator's knowledge in the form of spatiotemporal constraints.
In aerospace applications, variations of temperature caused by changing environmental conditions or generation of heat is a common problem. The resulting thermal strains cause separation and ...alignment errors in optical systems, and stresses due to mismatches of thermal expansion at material interfaces cause failure of components and structures. Because minimizing weight, cost, and lead time are also critical requirements, lightweight, easily machined metals are attractive for aerospace applications, but these materials all have substantial coefficients of thermal expansion. Previous work has shown that the superposition of two metals with dissimilar coefficients of thermal expansion in periodic cellular configurations can result in a composite material with zero effective thermal expansion. However, fabrication of these material architectures typically is either impossible or requires manual assembly. Here, we propose methods to design and fabricate cellular metal composites with tunable thermal expansion and optimized specific stiffness that can be manufactured at useful scales entirely with automated methods. Samples were manufactured with ultrasonic additive manufacturing and computer-controlled machining, and thermal expansion was measured optically. The results demonstrate the practical fabrication of cellular metal composites with zero or negative thermal expansion in one direction, tunable thermal expansion in a second direction, and structural performance indices competitive with the indices of conventional aerospace alloys.
La literatura rioplatense del siglo XXI asiste a lo que el teórico americano Mark Nash identifica como un “giro documental”. Además de la incorporación de materiales documentales en el cuerpo de los ...textos, las obras que designaremos como “narraciones documentales” importan métodos propios a la investigación como la notación, la transcripción y el montaje de documentos o bien la citación de bibliografía variada. Este artículo se propone articular la reflexión teórica y el análisis literario de Aparecida (2015) de la escritora y periodista argentina Marta Dillon, un caso representativo para comprender las modalidades de funcionamiento de este dispositivo documental.
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