In this wide-ranging work, Caspar Hirschi offers new perspectives on the origins of nationalism and the formation of European nations. Based on extensive study of written and visual sources dating ...from the ancient to the early modern period, the author re-integrates the history of pre-modern Europe into the study of nationalism, describing it as an unintended and unavoidable consequence of the legacy of Roman imperialism in the Middle Ages. Hirschi identifies the earliest nationalists among Renaissance humanists, exploring their public roles and ambitions to offer new insight into the history of political scholarship in Europe and arguing that their adoption of ancient role models produced massive contradictions between their self-image and political function. This book demonstrates that only through understanding the development of the politics, scholarship and art of pre-modern Europe can we fully grasp the global power of nationalism in a modern political context.
February 2019 was a watershed for EU industrial policy thanks to the "Franco-German Manifesto for a European Industrial Policy" and the EU Framework for FDI Screening. This paper reviews the relevant ...theories, history of EU-level industrial policy and recent comments on the above activities. We argue that "destructive innovation" rather than conventional industrial theory has had great impact on the decisions of EU Member States. That is, a strategy combining new technologies and components improves the price-performance ratio and allows firms in developing economies to catch up and compete with the products of advanced economies. In addition to commenting on nationalism, the EU DG Competition also critiques the Franco-German proposal as violating the policy tradition. However, the new EU-level industrial policy would surpass simple cost-benefit considerations if the WTO reform, EU-US relations, and EU-China bilateral negotiations are unsuccessful in the next few years. Key Words: EU industrial policy, China's industrial policy, destructive innovation, competition policy, FDI screening mechanism
The discipline of International Relations is increasingly paying attention to nationalism, although this attention is mostly limited with the role of nationalism on international system. By ...presenting an approach born out of the intersection of Historical Sociology in International Relations (HSIR) and the Modernist School of Nationalism, this paper aims at expanding the terrain of nationalism studies in International Relations (IR). Using Iran as an example, it demonstrates that three basic premises of HSIR--the interaction between domestic and international dynamics, historicization, and multi-causality--are central to analysing nationalism, which is only associated with the domestic level. It argues that HSIR has much to offer not only to studies of nationalism and/in the Middle East but also to the discipline of IR by elucidating the international connections of this seemingly domestic issue. Keywords: Historical Sociology, Nationalism, Internationalization of Nationalism, Iran, Pahlavi Period Uluslararasi Iliskiler disiplini milliyetçilige giderek daha fazla önem vermektedir ancak bu önem çogunlukla milliyetçiligin uluslararasi sisteme etkisi ile sinirli kalmaktadir. Uluslararasi Iliskiler disiplinindeki Tarihsel Sosyoloji ve modernist milliyetçilik teorilerinin kesisim noktasina dayanarak kavramsal çerçevesini olusturan bu çalisma, Uluslararasi Iliskilerde milliyetçilik çalismalarina alan açmayi amaçlamaktadir. Uluslararasi Iliskiler disiplinindeki Tarihsel Sosyolojide yer alan ulusal ve uluslararasi dinamikler arasindaki etkilesim, tarihsellestirme ve çoklu-nedensellik prensiplerinin, sadece ulusal alan ile iliskilendirilen milliyetçilik analizi için önemini Iran örnegi üzerinden tartismaktadir. Çalisma Uluslararasi Iliskiler disiplinindeki Tarihsel Sosyoloji yaklasiminin sadece milliyetçilik çalismalarina ve Ortadogu Çalismalarina degil, ulusal kabul edilen milliyetçiligin uluslararasi baglantilarini göstererek Uluslararasi Iliskiler disiplinine de katkida bulunacagini ortaya koymaktadir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tarihsel Sosyoloji, Milliyetçilik, Milliyetçiligin Uluslararasilasmasi, Iran, Pehlevi Dönemi
The discipline of International Relations is increasingly paying attention to nationalism, although this attention is mostly limited with the role of nationalism on international system. By ...presenting an approach born out of the intersection of Historical Sociology in International Relations (HSIR) and the Modernist School of Nationalism, this paper aims at expanding the terrain of nationalism studies in International Relations (IR). Using Iran as an example, it demonstrates that three basic premises of HSIR--the interaction between domestic and international dynamics, historicization, and multi-causality--are central to analysing nationalism, which is only associated with the domestic level. It argues that HSIR has much to offer not only to studies of nationalism and/in the Middle East but also to the discipline of IR by elucidating the international connections of this seemingly domestic issue.
The sheer scale and brutality of the hostilities between Russia and Chechnya stand out as an exception in the mostly peaceful breakup of the Soviet Union.Chechnya: From Nationalism to Jihadprovides a ...fascinating analysis of the transformation of secular nationalist resistance in a nominally Islamic society into a struggle that is its antithesis, jihad. Hughes locates Chechen nationalism within the wider movement for national self-determination that followed the collapse of the Soviet empire. When negotiations failed in the early 1990s, political violence was instrumentalized to consolidate opposing nationalist visions of state-building in Russia and Chechnya. The resistance in Chechnya also occurred in a regional context where Russian hegemony over the Caucasus, especially the resources of the Caspian basin, was in retreat, and in an international context of rising Islamic radicalism. Alongside Bosnia, Kashmir, and other conflicts, Chechnya became embedded in Osama Bin Laden's repertoire of jihadist rhetoric against the "West." It was not simply Russia's destruction of a nationalist option for Chechnya, or "Wahabbist" infiltration from without, that created the political space for Islamism. Rather, we must look also at how the conflict was fought. The lack of proportionality and discrimination in the use of violence, particularly by Russia, accelerated and intensified the Islamic radicalization and thereby transformed the nature of the conflict. This nuanced and balanced study provides a much-needed antidote to the mythologizing of Chechen resistance before, and its demonization after, 9/11. The conflict in Chechnya involves one of the most contentious issues in contemporary international politics-how do we differentiate between the legitimate use of violence to resist imperialism, occupation, and misgovernment, and the use of terrorism against legitimate rule? This book sets out indispensable lessons for understanding conflicts involving the volatile combination of nationalist insurgency, jihad, and terrorism, most notably for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
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