Purpose The purpose of this study is twofold. The first objective is to identify the factors that affect Gen Z tourists' M-payment behaviour. Next, this study investigates the inter-relationship ...between Gen Z tourist’s perception of M-payment benefits, adoption behaviour, usage risk and future usage intention. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprised Malaysian Gen Z individuals ( n = 326) who had experience using M-payment methods while travelling outbound. Given the complex nature of the model and the goal to predict and explain relationships within Gen Z's M-payment usage, partial-least square-structural equation modelling was used to assess the study framework and test the proposed relationships. Findings This study reveals significant influences on Gen Z tourists' behavioural intentions towards M-payment usage. Perceived benefits, performance expectancy, social influence and perceived trust positively impact behavioural intentions, while effort expectancy exhibits no significant effect. Furthermore, perceived trust is strongly influenced by perceived security, which also positively influences behavioural intentions. A mediated relationship is evident as trust mediating the effect of perceived security on behavioural intentions. Research limitations/implications This study’s findings contribute to understanding the intricate relationships influencing Gen Z's M-payment behaviour and underscore trust's pivotal role in mediating the security–behavioural intention relationship. Originality/value This study is among the first to consider Mental Accounting Theory and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as crucial underpinning theories in comprehending the intricate relationships that influence Gen Z travellers' perceptions and behaviours concerning M-payment systems.
Over recent years, interest has been growing in Bitcoin, an innovation that has the potential to play an important role in e-commerce and beyond. The aim of our paper is to provide a comprehensive ...empirical study of the payment and investment features of Bitcoin, and their implications for the conduct of e-commerce. Since network externality theory suggests that the value of a network and its take-up are interlinked, we investigate both adoption and price formation. We discover that its returns are driven primarily by Bitcoin's popularity, the sentiment expressed in newspaper reports on cryptocurrency, and total number of transactions. The paper also reports on the first global survey of merchants who have adopted this technology, and we model the share of sales paid for with this alternative currency, using both ordinary and Tobit regressions. Our analysis examines how country-, customer-, and company-specific characteristics interact with the proportion of sales attributed to Bitcoin. We find that company features, use of other payment methods, customers' knowledge about Bitcoin, and the size of both the official and unofficial economy are significant determinants. The results will be of interest to traders who seek to understand factors driving prices and will help to inform vendors as to the most favorable circumstances for adopting the currency for online transactions.
•Public ledger systems provide us a wealth of information for their network analysis.•Network effects on the growth of some of the networks was confirmed.•A new network model presented here modeled ...the networks well as did Metcalfe’s law.•The network’s value was related to the exponential of the root of its active users.•The mathematical form of the model allows for new ways of analyzing the networks.
An analysis of some of the recent blockchain networks is presented to determine if they satisfy Metcalfe’s Law, as has been shown for some online social media networks. The value of the network was modeled based on the price of the digital currency in use on the network, and the number of users by the number of unique addresses each day that engage in transactions on the network. The Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Dash networks were analyzed. The analysis shows that the networks were fairly well modeled by Metcalfe's Law, which identifies the value of a network as proportional to the square of the number of its nodes, or end users. A new network model was also presented that shows the value to be proportional to the exponential of the root of the number of users participating in the network, and shows good agreement as well. Conditions for determining critical mass based on the new model were also presented. Finally, the potential for identifying value bubbles that can be spotted as deviations in value from the model was discussed and illustrated using the data from one of the networks. Those value bubbles show up where repeated extremely high value increases are not accompanied by any commensurate increase in the number of participating users, or any other development that could give rise to the higher value.
Online Payments by Merely Broadcasting Messages Collins, Daniel; Guerraoui, Rachid; Komatovic, Jovan ...
2020 50th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN)
Conference Proceeding
We address the problem of online payments, where users can transfer funds among themselves. We introduce Astro, a system solving this problem efficiently in a decentralized, deterministic, and ...completely asynchronous manner. Astro builds on the insight that consensus is unnecessary to prevent double-spending. Instead of consensus, Astro relies on a weaker primitive---Byzantine reliable broadcast---enabling a simpler and more efficient implementation than consensus-based payment systems. In terms of efficiency, Astro executes a payment by merely broadcasting a message. The distinguishing feature of Astro is that it can maintain performance robustly, i.e., remain unaffected by a fraction of replicas being compromised or slowed down by an adversary. Our experiments on a public cloud network show that Astro can achieve near-linear scalability in a sharded setup, going from 10K payments/sec (2 shards) to 20K payments/sec (4 shards). In a nutshell, Astro can match VISA-level average payment throughput, and achieves a 5× improvement over a state-of-the-art consensus-based solution, while exhibiting sub-second 95^th percentile latency.
The global digital shift, recently accelerated by the COVID‐19 pandemic, requires that consumers have knowledge allowing them to navigate increasingly cashless markets safely and effectively. To ...enable valid and reliable measurement of such knowledge, we used data obtained from a random sample of adult Poles to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties and applicability of an original cashless payments knowledge scale (CPK scale). Our analyses based on Item Response Theory show that some evident subdomains exist within the CPK construct. The separate dimensions of the CPK merge into a coherent scale with solid psychometric properties. We find that the CPK score depends on the place of residence, education, and household size, and is positively related to safe cashless behavior. Our findings may have important implications for financial institutions as well as policymakers interested in segmenting consumers in terms of their financial knowledge, potential risks resulting from deficits in this knowledge, and enhancing financial literacy.
Providing cost- and credit-efficient payment services to customers in e-commerce is a critical success factor for retailer competitiveness. However, country-specific payment provision strategies for ...internationally operating retailers are difficult to pinpoint, as existing research on the economics of payment instruments mostly focuses on transactions within one country, neglect electronic payment instruments due to data limitations, or base cost estimations on aggregated statistics or survey data. This article copes with these challenges by using a unique transaction-level data set with more than 29.1 million actual sales transactions, and examines how retailer transaction costs of online payment instruments invoice, credit card, PayPal, and prepayment differ across 14 European countries. Therein, this study identifies transaction cost differences due to country-specific pricing of payment services. Moreover, empirical results reveal that culture difference accounts for variation in customer payment timing and hence, affects retailer transaction costs when offering payment services in e-commerce. The presented research results allow retailers to holistically evaluate the efficiency of their current payment portfolio, and in developing country-specific payment provision strategies in order to reduce transaction costs and working capital requirements.
Shopping for privacy: Purchase details leaked to PayPal Preibusch, Sören; Peetz, Thomas; Acar, Gunes ...
Electronic commerce research and applications,
January-February 2016, 2016-01-00, 20160101, Letnik:
15
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
•First industry-wide field experiment on data sharing practices at the most popular 881 US online merchants.•More than half of all merchants unnecessarily share purchase details with PayPal.•Data ...leakage to PayPal includes details of medication or sex toys.•Consumers cannot opt-out or self-protect against this data proliferation.
We present a new form of online tracking: explicit, yet unnecessary leakage of personal information and detailed shopping habits from online merchants to payment providers. In contrast to the widely debated tracking of Web browsing, online shops make it impossible for their customers to avoid this dissemination of their data. We record and analyse leakage patterns for the 881 most popular US Web shops sampled from actual Web users’ online purchase sessions. More than half of the sites we analysed shared product names and details with PayPal, allowing the payment provider to build up fine-grained and comprehensive consumption profiles about its clients across the sites they buy from, subscribe to, or donate to. In addition, PayPal forwards customers’ shopping details to Omniture, a third-party data aggregator with even larger tracking reach than PayPal itself. Leakage to PayPal is commonplace across product categories and includes details of medication or sex toys. We provide recommendations for merchants.
Purpose:
Considering the rapid progress of information and communication technology (ICT) and its influence on daily life, it is inevitable that its impact will also be visible in the financial ...sector, especially through efforts to present digital financial services as widely as possible and bring them closer to potential users. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate university students’ smartphone activities, their use and attitudes towards digital financial services, and to build a neural network model capable of distinguishing students according to their awareness of the benefits related to using online financial services.
Methodology:
An online questionnaire was applied to collect data on students’ smartphone activity and their tendency to use online financial services. Depending on the variable type, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and Kendall’s tau-b were used to assess the association between variables, while multilayer perceptron and radial basis function neural networks were used for the creation of the optimal model.
Results:
Participants in this study achieved an average score of 6.56 (SD = 1.27) for smartphone activity, and the results showed that the optimal neural network model obtained had an overall accuracy of 70.73%. However, smartphone activity did not have an excessive effect on the efficiency of this model.
Conclusion:
The obtained neural network model and its sensitivity analysis managed to reveal some hid-den patterns which could be beneficial to educators in terms of improvements of students’ digital and financial literacy as well as to the financial sector in terms of increasing performance and interest of this population in digital financial services.
This paper examines existing theoretical approaches to determining the essence of the concept of Internet banking as a banking service. The authors have conducted an analysis of the concept of ...Internet banking through the lens of its major characteristics in accordance with various approaches. The paper summarizes the scholarly/theoretical foundations of the effect of Internet banking on banks' competitiveness; identifies some of the key trends in the development and areas for the implementation of the system of serving Internet banking clients; determines the methodological characteristics of reflecting the effect of Internet banking on banks' competitiveness in putting together bank rankings; identifies some of the latest global trends in the market for Internet banking which are opening up new vistas of opportunity for its further development.
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