Two types of information technology (IT) outsourcing governance-contractual and relational-are commonly employed to address different goals in IT service management in outsourcing arrangements. ...Contractual governance helps improve efficiency in an outsourcing relationship, whereas relational governance facilitates satisfying changing business needs. Past literature argues that both forms of governance are important and that an appropriate balance between them is necessary. This study finds that these two forms of governance often conflict with one another. We contribute to the research on IT outsourcing governance by opening the black box of the evolutionary process of achieving ambidexterity in this context. Organizations shift their focus between contractual and relational forms of governance in an attempt to develop practices that address conflicts between the two forms. We present the findings from a qualitative study of an organization that outsourced its IT services. Our findings reveal how a balance between contractual and relational governance can be achieved through a process we call the ambidexterity pendulum.
The coordination of effort within and among different expert groups is a central feature of contemporary organizations. Within the existing literature, however, a dichotomy has emerged in our ...understanding of the role played by codification in coordinating expert groups. One strand of literature emphasizes codification as a process that supports coordination by enabling the storage and ready transfer of knowledge. In contrast, another strand highlights the persistent differences between expert groups that create boundaries to the transfer of knowledge, seeing coordination as dependent on the quality of the reciprocal interactions between groups and individuals. Our research helps to resolve such contested understandings of the coordinative role played by codification. By focusing on the offshore-outsourcing of knowledge-intensive services, we examine the role played by codification when expertise was coordinated between client staff and onsite and offshore vendor personnel in a large-scale outsourcing contract between TATA Consultancy Services (TCS) and ABN AMRO bank. A number of theoretical contributions flow from our analysis of the case study, helping to move our understanding beyond the dichotomized views of codification outlined above. First, our study adds to previous work where codification has been seen as a static concept by demonstrating the multiple, coexisting and complementary roles that codification may play. We examine the dynamic nature of codification and show changes in the relative importance of these different roles in coordinating distributed expertise over time. Second, we reconceptualize the commonly accepted view of codification as focusing on the replication and diffusion of knowledge by developing the notion of the codification of the "knower" as complementary to the codification of knowledge. Unlike previous studies of expertise directories, codification of the knower does not involve representing expertise in terms of occupational skills or competences but enables the reciprocal interrelating of expertise required by more unstructured tasks. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
The continued growth of logistics outsourcing and dependence on third-party logistics (3PL) providers highlights the need for firms to strategically consider their dependence on their supply chain. ...We draw on resource dependency theory to propose guanxi (a cultural tradition in China of interpersonal connections that facilitate a mutual exchange of favors) as a dependency-coping strategy. Integrating transaction cost economics, we propose the effectiveness of guanxi as a dependence coping strategy is contingent on the level of exchange hazards (i.e., uncertainty and asset specificity) in logistics outsourcing. Based on data collected from 149 3PL users in China, we found that guanxi is a more potent strategy in highly uncertain environments and less relevant when extensive relationship-specific assets are involved. Implications and directions of future research are discussed.
In online outsourcing platforms where clients (buyers) can procure diverse services from freelancers (service providers), skill certification systems are usually offered for freelancers to signal ...their private service expertise. This study considers a multi-stage online outsourcing context where the freelancers may participate in skill certification before bidding for a client's service contract in a buyer-determined reverse auction. The paper examines the interactions of the freelancers' certification, bidding, and service effort decisions with the client's design and award of the outsourcing contract, and it highlights the impacts of the certification system on the transaction parties' decision results. Moreover, the paper also investigates the platform's adoption and optimization decisions towards the certification system. The results show that freelancers would participate in certification, if and only if their expertise exceeds a threshold that is decreasing in both the transaction efficiency (which decreases in the commission rates charged by the platform) and certification informativeness. The client should set a smaller project scope and a lower penalty for low-quality delivery when the certification informativeness is higher or the transaction efficiency is lower. Both the client and the freelancers are more likely to benefit from the certification system when the certification informativeness or transaction efficiency is higher, or when the certification cost is lower. For the platform, the certification system is valuable, and its value is increasing in the certification informativeness. The platform can optimize the commission rates such that the resulting transaction efficiency is decreasing in the certification informativeness and increasing in the certification cost.
IT outsourcing development trends Fedorova, Svetlana
SHS Web of Conferences,
2021, Letnik:
106
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
IT outsourcing is one of the new types of outsourcing. One of the current trends is the use of IT instead of other types of outsourcing. IT outsourcing implies the maintenance of the entire ...information infrastructure of a company (or individual components) by a third-party company, which specializes in these processes. This is a refusal to hire information technology specialists. There is no universal classification of IT outsourcing services. Several types of IT outsourcing can be distinguished: external and internal; resource and functional; outsourcing of IT infrastructure, IT processes or full outsourcing; disposable and long-term; main and additional. The IT outsourcing has a number of advantages: financial savings, the ability to engage in specialized activities, professional services, promptness of implementation of new technologies. IT outsourcing has some disadvantages: data security, trade secrets, and poor-quality services. Before using IT outsourcing services, a company should analyze business processes, determine the economic efficiency, and conclude a contract.
Obtaining timely and accurate traffic information is one of the most important problems in intelligent transportation system, which will make vehicles run smoothly, avoid road congestion, save road ...running time and reduce vehicle energy consumption. In the current Internet of Vehicles system, the traffic management center can learn from the feedback information of all vehicles to improve the ability of decision-making and traffic command. However, the existing feedback mechanism does not respond to the spatial-temporal characteristics of data in time, due to the lack of communication capability of the current equipment. So, it cannot meet the requirements of ultra-low delay, high reliability and high security in the Internet of Vehicles. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a blockchain-based proxy vote and revocation scheme for decision feedback in Internet of Vehicles, which allows the intelligent system to ignore the unevenness and heterogeneity in the 6G technology. In addition, blockchain technology notarizes the vote data of vehicles and outsources microservices. Secondly, we use the attributes of decision-related nodes instead of their identities to enable anonymous vote. Smart contracts can automatically expand the scalability of outsourced microservices. Finally, the security proof of the proposed scheme ensures the security and consistency of outsourced microservices. The simulation results also show that our scheme greatly improves the efficiency of voting feedback.
The H-1B program allows firms in the United States to temporarily hire high-skilled foreign citizens. The government restricts inflows of new H-1B workers and therefore creates potential rents ...typical of a quota. Importantly, however, the US allocates H-1B status by random lottery. We develop a theoretical model demonstrating that this lottery creates a negative externality that destroys quota rents by incentivizing firms to search for more workers than can actually be hired. Some firms specialize in hiring foreign labor and contracting out those workers’ services to third-party sites. These outsourcing firms exacerbate the search externality. Numerical exercises suggest that these processes result in an annual economic loss exceeding $10,000 per new H-1B worker hired relative to what would occur in the absence of lottery allocation.
•The US allocates H-1B status to skilled foreign workers through a lottery.•This lottery destroys quota rents and generates labor search cost externalities.•Domestic outsourcing specialists exacerbate these losses.•Compared to alternative allocation, lottery costs exceed $10,000 per H-1B hired.
Terceirizacao: um conceito in contexto Firmo, Fernando
Interseções : revista de estudos interdisciplinares,
06/2012, Letnik:
14, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The world of work in general and outsourcing in particular will be the focus of this article. I intend to unfold different viewpoints and considerations to contextualize the concept of outsourcing ...taking into account two distinct groups of workers (regular employees and outsourced employees) of the former itabira Special Steels Company (Companhia de Acos Especiais itabira), ACESUTA, nowadays known as Aperam, whose plant is located in the city of Timoteo, Minas Gerais State. 0 mundo do trabalho, especialmente, a terceirizacao, sera o foco do presente artigo. A partir de dois grupos operarios (funcionarios do quadro fixo e funcionarios terceirizados) da antiga companhia de Acos Especiais Itabira, ACESITA, atual Aperam, cuja planta industrial esta localizada na cidade de Timoteo-MG, explicito distintos pontos de vistas e consideracoes para contextualizar o conceito de terceirizacao. Palavras-chave Trabalho. Terceirizacao. Acesita. Etnografia. Keywords Work. Outsourcing. Acesita. Ethnography.
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