The paper is timed to coincide with the 80th anniversary of the birth of Valery M. Mokienko, Doctor of Letters, Professor of Slavic Philology, Philology Department, St Petersburg State University, ...Honorary Chairman of the Phraseological Commission of the International Committee of Slavists. The paper reviews focal areas of the scholars research, lists his academic interests, the main of those being phraseology and phraseography. V.M. Mokienko proposed to detect dynamic interactions of contradictory properties of the phraseological system, to reveal the mechanism of phrase formation involving broad genetic and typological parallels to determine the nature of a phraseological unit. The method of structural and semantic modeling based on a detailed comparison of dialectal, Slavic and non-Slavic European idiomacy is the basis of modern theoretical and practical studies of the scientists followers. The trilogy of dictionaries edited by V.M. Mokienko distinguishes precise certification of units, references to synonymous turns, which makes it easier for the reader to navigate in the huge source material, outlines the parameters of the phraseological space close to the certified expression, and makes it possible to show the wealth of images of folk speech conveying the same semantics.
In the present article, we examine the mechanisms of proverbialisation – the birth and propagation of proverbs – and the criteria that boost their chances of propagation and survival. Before tackling ...the main issues, we introduce the controversial notion of “proverbiality” and the terminological relativity it entails by establishing a scale of consensus for definition criteria in specialised literature. We then present memetics, or memology. This field, which studies the replication of cultural units, offers useful tools through the notions of “meme fitness” and “selection criteria”, which may be adapted and transferred to paremiology in order to describe the qualities that help proverbs catch on and survive. In Section 3, a model for proverbialisation is introduced and the memetic framework is applied to describe the impact of the selection criteria on the specific stages of the process, through concrete examples of sayings that successfully caught on. In the final part, the selection criteria previously identified are applied to a list of candidates in order to appraise their chances of replication. The candidates under study are part of a recent attempt by PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) to rewrite famous proverbs and idioms with the aim to make them “animal friendly”. Their proposals include There is more than one way to peel a potato instead of There is more than one way to skin a cat, or Don’t put the caboose before the engine instead of Don’t put the cart before the horse. The analysis reveals that despite a degree of creativity, several selection criteria remain obstacles to the propagation of these proverb candidates.
The chronicle of the International Scientific Conference SLAVOPHRAS-2021 is presented. The choice of the venue for the next forum of phraseologists and paremiologists-Slavists invited to discuss the ...topic The World of Slavs in Phraseological and Paremiological Interpretation is substantiated. A range of key issues to be discussed is determined. These issues include: values and assessments in the phraseological and paremiological interpretation of the world by the Slavs; history and modernity in Slavic phraseology and paremiology; general and specific in national pictures of the world, reconstructed on the basis of the phraseological and paremiological heritage of the Slavs; Slavic phraseology and paremiology in the dictionary and discourse. A brief review of the reports made at the plenary and breakout sessions of the forum is given. Attention is focused on the debatable solutions of scientific problems. The importance of holding annual Slavic conferences of phraseologists and paremiologists is emphasized.
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the portrayal of women in English and Persian proverbs using the
multidisciplinary field of Cultural Linguistics as an alternative to critical discourse ...analysis. Utilizing a corpus analysis
approach for Cultural Linguistics (
Jensen 2017
), 124 English and 186 Persian proverbs
representing the theme of ‘woman’ were compared and contrasted cross-culturally. Results of grounded-theory driven analysis
revealed: (a) while various cultural schemata and cultural metaphors reflecting both dark and bright sides of women in proverbs
were unveiled, only one cultural category in Persian proverbs with no similar instance in English proverbs was revealed; and (b)
in some English and Persian proverbs, interpreting cultural schemas predicates upon eliciting and understanding the cultural
metaphors hidden in the proverbs. The results are discussed with reference to the potentiality of Cultural Linguistics as an
analytical framework for paremiology that can provide an in-depth interpretation of proverbs as a culturally-loaded discourse.
S pomočjo jezikovnih korpusov in anket smo analizirali 200 paremioloških izrazov iz štirih različnih virov. Zanimala nas je aktualna raba teh izrazov (in njihovih variant) ter njihova pomenska ...določljivost s pomočjo njihovega sobesedila. Predstavljamo seznam 200 analiziranih enot z rezultati analize in oceno kakovosti izhodiščnih virov tega paremiološkega gradiva. Enote z dokazano aktualno rabo in določenim pomenom bodo vključene v prvo izdajo rastočega spletnega Slovarja pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov.
The linguoculturological studies in paremiology make one of the most actively developing, researchers have repeatedly analyzed the concepts of GOOD and EVIL on the material of paremias of a ...particular language. However, the study of character traits «good» and «evil» on the basis of the proverbs of the Russian and Chinese languages has not yet been considered, which is the novelty of this study. The article studies paremiological units of the Russian and Chinese languages, representing a good and evil person. The goal of the work is to identify common and peculiar ethno-specific features reflected in the proverbs of the Russian language against the background of their counterparts in the Chinese language, as well as to establish their motivation. To achieve this goal, methods of comparative and linguoculturological analyses were applied. The sources of the material were the proverbs dictionary, as well as data from Russian and Chinese corpora. The paper concludes that there are much more different cultural attitudes contained in the proverbs we are interested in than common ones, which causes a big difference in understanding the character traits of «good» and «evil» between native Russian and Chinese speakers. Understanding the universal and nationally marked ideas of Russians and Chinese effectively contributes to cultural communication between peoples.
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