Na przestrzeni ostatnich lat coraz intensywniej rozwijają się inicjatywy związane z tworzeniem geoparków. Są to obszary istotne z punktu widzenia nauk o Ziemi, których celem jest zachowanie i ...promocja dziedzictwa przyrody nieożywionej wraz z powiązanym z nim krajobrazem kulturowym. Najmłodszą tego typu inicjatywą w naszym kraju jest propozycja utworzenia Geoparku Morasko, opierająca się na naukowo potwierdzonych skutkach impaktu meteorytowego w rejonie Góry Morasko, a także przeobrażeniach krajobrazu Wielkopolski obejmujących efekty istnienia lądolodu skandynawskiego i działalność człowieka na tym obszarze. Potencjał tego obszaru, stanowiący podstawę rozwoju wartościowego produktu turystycznego, powinien uwzględniać zagadnienia zrównoważonego rozwoju społeczno-ekonomicznego lokalnego społeczeństwa, przy jednoczesnym poszanowaniu dziedzictwa przyrodniczego i kulturowego. Z tego względu celem artykułu jest przedstawienie potencjału tworzonego Geoparku Morasko jako produktu turystycznego, którego unikatowy charakter pozwoli na stworzenie markowego produktu, a docelowo zdecyduje o przyjęciu do Światowej Sieci Geoparków UNESCO. (abstrakt oryginalny)
The article aims to present the result of surveys and secondary data, which were to identifythe future needs of employers and investors in the work force (specification of the necessaryqualifications ...and the level of previous experience) in the short term (up to 1 year) in the labormarket in the Silesian and Subcarpathian region.The study found that people entering the labor market (including students) recognize theneed for a greater adaptability to market requirements. Therefore, we may note an increasednumber of people participating in active labor market programs. Unfortunately, the total efficiencyof training in the regions concerned is not very high. Thus, vocational training mustchange its image, although sometimes this process is occurring far too slowly. The third link inthe labor market are the employers who recognize the fact that it is much cheaper to acquire anemployee with a certain level of knowledge and skills. Unfortunately, for some employers apprenticeships,young workers and the entire system of vocational education are seen as a wayto attract cheap labor. Yet the developing process of globalization, the stage of advancement ofthe socio – economic as well as the dynamics of the economy itself that stimulate the demand for skills and jobs are constantly changing. The most desirable professions in the Polish andEuropean labor market concern the services sector including, in particular trade. Other jobsare and will be linked, on the one hand, with simple operations such as cleaning and, on theother hand, with the scientific professions. Of course, the demand for certain professions willhave strong regional circumstances related to the economic base of the region as well as thedemographic structure. Hence it is difficult to make a single list of deficit jobs for Poland. It isworth noting that the market demand for certain skills and occupations is and will be unstable,so any training must take place in the system of pull (suction).
Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w parkach narodowych w Polsce. Badania skierowano do organów zarządzających parkami narodowymi (dyrekcje parków narodowych oraz struktury ...organizacyjne zajmujące się turystycznym udostępnianiem parku). Tematyka poruszona w ankiecie dotyczyła postrzegania parków narodowych w trzech kategoriach: systemu rekreacyjnego, produktu turystycznego i zagospodarowania turystycznego. Uzyskane dane pozwoliły na szczegółową analizę podejścia badanych podmiotów do wspomnianych kategorii oraz dały podstawę do sformułowania wniosków dotyczących zagadnień turystycznego i rekreacyjnego użytkowania parków narodowych w Polsce.(abstrakt oryginalny)
Science and technology was thought to be one of the main assets of the Russian Federation, the basis for an economic recovery once it was no longer submitted to central planning. It was expected ...that this wealth of knowledge bequeathed from the Soviet Union would give rise to a boom in the creation of innovation companies and that foreign investment would flow in large amounts into the science sector, but both these expectations did not materialise.In Russia the first science park (science parks created by universities are called by the Russian name technoparks) was established in Tomsk in 1990 by higher education, scientific institutions and industrial enterprises jointly. Federal programmes provide support to the existing technoparks, but this support is rather meagre. Due to the industrial crisis and to the severe cutbacks in federal financing, the scientific institutions, more than 70% of which were in 1990 still connected with the military industrial complex, are nowadays experiencing a serious crisis. The number of scientific workers decreased more than twofold between 1989 and 1994 and continues to fall. Nowadays the innovation centres have a more commercial profile and, therefore, are more selective in the choice of the tenants as they have to become self-sufficient and repay the debts arising from re-construction of their premises.
In the globalization era a technological growth is important for the development of the companies. The vital challenge is a commercialization of the science and technological achievements, i.e. ... transfer the achievements to the market. The transfer consists of passing on thetechnological and managerial knowledge to be used in business. It is natural impulse for thedevelopment of innovational companies. Insufficient financial and human resources in smalland middle enterprises set the difficult to conquer barrier to conducting in-home research. Thecooperation between companies and universities especially engineering schools and publicor commercial research centers may help to resolve the problem. The aim of this article is thepresentation of the role of science-technological parks in the development of small and middleenterprises.
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