This article introduces a Special Section on sustainable patriarchy in Turkey. It places developments in Turkey within a wider context of global anti-gender movements, in which gender functions as a ...glue to bond various conservative actors together. It defines what sustainable patriarchy is and suggests why Turkey is a suitable case to examine its various manifestations.
There is an increasing number of works on the gendered nature of Turkish academia. However, most of the research is focused on experiences of female academics. There is a gap in the literature on ...perceptions of male researchers. This article aims to fill the void in the literature by examining perceptions of male scholars based on interviews with 80 male scholars. Research questions of the study are (1) what is the perception of male scholars toward gender in/equality at workplace?; and (2) how do they interpret the academic promotion and the managerial positions? The main contribution of the study is that in the Turkish case different inequalities feed into each other and the conservative political climate seems have an impact as well. This article aims to contribute to the masculinities literature through analyzing the main characteristics of sustainable patriarchy and exploring the gendered order of academia in a Muslim-majority society.
Dzialajacy wówczas aktywnie na ziemiach ruskich zakonni wspólbracia Possevino, katoliccy misjonarze dostrzegali wyznaniowe i etniczne pokrewienstwo mieszkanców panstwa moskiewskiego i poddanych ...polskiego króla, widzac w tym przeszkode w zjednoczeniu Kosciolów na obszarze Rzeczypospolitej, co Hodana uznal za sprawe kluczowa dla omawianego tematu. Podkreslil, ze obawy podzielal takze ksiadz Piotr Skarga w znanym dziele pt: O jednosci Kosciola Bozego pod jednym "pasterzem", zapoczatkowujac nim polemike okolo unijna. Poczatki XVII wieku staly sie bowiem dla prawoslawnych Rusinów czasem dramatycznego, ale nieuchronnego wyboru miedzy lojalnoscia wobec katolickiego króla, a szukaniem wsparcia w wyznaniowo bliskiej lecz terytorialnie odleglej Moskwie. Przejscie "pod opieke" Moskwy w chwili przelamania kryzysu nie wchodzilo w gre, natomiast realna stawala sie perspektywa przeksztalcenia metropolii kijowskiej we wspólnote autokefaliczna, mogaca polaczyc prawoslawnych i unitów.
Jorge Semprun's narratives of memory are intricately manipulated and mediated, exhibiting to the reader a carefully selected performance of communicable and comprehensible experience, concentrated on ...the page and between the covers. However, his effusive presentation of text is merely a veneer, obscuring the abyss of an incommunicable and unimaginable history. Semprun's secrets lie in the silenced substrata of his literary and cinematographic projects, illuminated through close readings and comparative analysis. From the gaps and ellipses in his works emerges the unwanted and unwritten (unwriteable) spectre of a useless and absent father, concealed in the visible in-visibility of fetishized memory. Eliding the paternal figure, Semprun challenges the universality of the Lacanian phallic signifier, the nom-du-père, and undermines the paternalistic and patriarchal Symbolic structures of his life and works. José María Semprún Gurrea haunts every word of his son's memorial enterprise, becoming a duplicitous voice that negates and displaces subjective identity as a self distinct from an other. The phallogocentric construction and perception of history, expressed by a dominant and unwavering patriarchal discourse, is subverted, as the fatherly elision liberates the author from the paternalistic constraints of linguistic order. From the silenced negative space of literature emerge the Derridean spectres of forgotten others: woman, the exile, the dead, haunting the insidious structures of European patriarchy. Semprun's works transgress the boundaries of absence and presence, life and death, sublimating time, space, and identity, so that textual absence engulfs the narrative: the author writes himself out of existence. Semprun is haunted by a paternal phantom, but his auto-erasure demonstrates that he too is already a ghost, his repetitious absence from the life of his own son a chilling revelation of the causes and effects of the failures of paternity and patriarchy in the post-World War II era.
The subordination of women in society has become a common phenomenon. The woman's life in traditional Chinese culture is portrayed as someone who must be obedient, submissive, polite, have manners, ...and be loyal to her husband and others. The Good Earth novel reflects the life of traditional Chinese women in patriarchal power and the role of female characters. This study aims to describe the Chinese community traditions that govern women's lives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and elucidate the orthodox tradition's effect on the role of female characters. The method applied was Library Research through the Sociological and Psychological Approaches. The data were obtained from The Good Earth novel and secondary data, such as the library, books, critics, writer’s biography, and a novel summary. The research revealed that women had a low position in social status in ancient China. We are familiar with the name of the patriarchy set by Confucius, as illustrated by figure O-lan, Wang Lung's wife as a female character in the novel and character theories, and his contribution will be used as the basis for analysis. The research summarizes that the teachings of the Confucian Philosophy of Culture influence patriarchal power.
